The Laser Surface Remelting of Austenitic Stainless Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2511-2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brytan Zbigniew ◽  
Mirołsaw Bonek ◽  
Leszek Adam Dobrzański ◽  
Daniele Ugues ◽  
Marco Actis Grande
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Dendritic Microstructure ◽  
Laser Surface Remelting ◽  
Power Rate

The laser surface remelting (LSR) process was successfully applied to restore localized corrosion resistance in sensitized stainless steel and also as a useful method to improve passivity of some martensitic stainless steels. The LSR process can be successfully applied to repair cracks and defects at the surface of highly thermo-mechanically loaded parts of stainless steel. The purpose of presented study was to evaluate the microstructure and properties of laser remelted surface of stainless steels. The wrought austenitic stainless steel and sintered in vacuum 316L type were studied. The laser treatment was performed with the use of high power diode laser (HPDL) and the influence of beam power of 0.7-2.1kW on the properties of the surface layer was evaluated. The geometrical characteristics and x-ray analysis of weld bead were studied as well as microhardness, surface roughness and corrosion resistance were measured. The increase of laser beam power of LSR resulted in the increase of hardness of sintered stainless steel due to the reduction of porosity and formation of fine dendritic and cellular-dendritic microstructure. The corrosion resistance of remelted surface increased for sintered materials, when remelted at 2.1kW. The wrought stainless steel revealed impairment of pitting corrosion when remelted at lower beam power rate.

The corrosion resistance of laser surface alloyed stainless steels

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (92) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Brytan
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Steel Microstructure

Purpose: of this paper was to examine the corrosion resistance of laser surface alloyed (LSA) stainless steels using electrochemical methods in 1M NaCl solution and 1M H2SO4 solution. The LSA conditions and alloying powder placement strategies on the material's corrosion resistance were evaluated. Design/methodology/approach: In the present work the sintered stainless steels of different microstructures (austenitic, ferritic and duplex) where laser surface alloyed (LSA) with elemental alloying powders (Cr, FeCr, Ni, FeNi) and hard powders (SiC, Si3N4) to obtain a complex steel microstructure of improved properties. Findings: The corrosion resistance of LSA stainless steels is related to process parameters, powder placing strategy, that determines dilution rate of alloying powders and resulting steel microstructure. The duplex stainless steel microstructure formed on the surface layer of austenitic stainless steel during LSA with Cr and FeCr reveal high corrosion resistance in 1M NaCl solution. The beneficial effect on corrosion resistance was also revealed for LSA with Si3N4 for studied steels in both NaCl and H2SO4 solutions. Ferritic stainless steel alloyed with Ni, FeNi result in a complex microstructure, composed of austenite, ferrite, martensite depending on the powder dilution rate, also can improve the corrosion resistance of the LSA layer. Research limitations/implications: The LSA process can be applied for single phase stainless steels as an easy method to improve surface properties, elimination of porosity and densification and corrosion resistance enhancement regarding as sintered material. Practical implications: The LSA of single phase austenitic stainless steel in order to form a duplex microstructure on the surface layers result in reasonably improved corrosion performance. Originality/value: The original LSA process of stainless steels (austenitic, ferritic and duplex) was studied regarding corrosion resistance of the alloyed layer in chloride and sulphate solutions.

ALZ 316

Alloy Digest ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 316 is an austenitic stainless steel with good formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. It is the basic grade of the stainless steels, containing 2 to 3% molybdenum. After the 304 series, the molybdenum-containing stainless steels are the most widely used austenitic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-756. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

CLC 18.10LN

Alloy Digest ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract CLC 18.10LN is an austenitic stainless steel with 18% Cr, 9.5% Ni, and 0.14% N to provide good corrosion resistance at strengths above the other low-carbon stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-950. Producer or source: Industeel USA, LLC.

VLX 954

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract VLX 954 is an austenitic stainless steel with 6% (nominal) molybdenum. The alloy is particularly resistant to localized corrosion in sea water and chloride environments. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-589. Producer or source: DMV Stainless USA Inc.

CRUCIBLE 174 SXR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Abstract Crucible 174 SXR is a premium-quality precipitation-hardening stainless steel designed for use as rifle barrels. It is a modification of Crucible’s 17Cr-4Ni that offers substantially improved machinability without sacrificing toughness. Its excellent corrosion resistance approaches that of a 300 series austenitic stainless steel, while its high strength is characteristic of 400 series martensitic stainless steels. At similar hardness levels, Crucible 174 SXR offers greater toughness than either the 410 or 416 stainless steels which are commonly used for rifle barrels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: SS-1034. Producer or source: Crucible Service Centers.

CARTECH 347

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Intermittent Heating ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation

Abstract CarTech 347 is a niobium+tantalum stabilized austenitic stainless steel. Like Type 321 austenitic stainless steel, it has superior intergranular corrosion resistance as compared to typical 18-8 austenitic stainless steels. Since niobium and tantalum have stronger affinity for carbon than chromium, carbides of those elements tend to precipitate randomly within the grains instead of forming continuous patterns at the grain boundaries. CarTech 347 should be considered for applications requiring intermittent heating between 425 and 900 °C (800 and 1650 °F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1339. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of a Nickel-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel by Low-Temperature Nitriding

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1845
Author(s):  
Francesca Borgioli ◽  
Emanuele Galvanetto ◽  
Tiberio Bacci
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Modified Surface

Low-temperature nitriding allows to improve surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels, maintaining or even increasing their corrosion resistance. The treatment conditions to be used in order to avoid the precipitation of large amounts of nitrides are strictly related to alloy composition. When nickel is substituted by manganese as an austenite forming element, the production of nitride-free modified surface layers becomes a challenge, since manganese is a nitride forming element while nickel is not. In this study, the effects of nitriding conditions on the characteristics of the modified surface layers obtained on an austenitic stainless steel having a high manganese content and a negligible nickel one, a so-called nickel-free austenitic stainless steel, were investigated. Microstructure, phase composition, surface microhardness, and corrosion behavior in 5% NaCl were evaluated. The obtained results suggest that the precipitation of a large volume fraction of nitrides can be avoided using treatment temperatures lower than those usually employed for nickel-containing austenitic stainless steels. Nitriding at 360 and 380 °C for duration up to 5 h allows to produce modified surface layers, consisting mainly of the so-called expanded austenite or gN, which increase surface hardness in comparison with the untreated steel. Using selected conditions, corrosion resistance can also be significantly improved.

Effects of Laser Processing Parameters on Grain Boundary Character Distribution and Corrosion Resistance of Austenite Stainless Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2473-2476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Yang ◽  
Hiroyuki Kokawa ◽  
Zhan Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundary Character Distribution ◽  
Grain Boundary Character ◽  
Laser Surface Remelting ◽  
Character Distribution

In order to modify grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) and to improve intergranualr corrosion (IGC) resistance of 304 stainless steel, laser surface remelting experiments were conducted on 304 stainless steel using a 2kW CW Nd: YAG laser, and the effects of laser processing parameters on GBCD and corrosion resistance were investigated in detail under the optimal annealing condition (1220K 28h). The experimental results showed that combination of laser surface remelting and the following annealing treatment could change the GBCD remarkably and improve the IGC resistance of 304 stainless steel. However, there are no obvious effects of laser processing parameters on the final depth of the processed zone, although the depth of the molten pool increases with the increase of the laser output power or the decrease of the scanning velocity, and the subsequent GBCD and corrosion resistance.

Effect of Rare Earth on the Inclusions and Pitting Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Yu Bo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance

The anodic polarization curves of 21Cr-11Ni austenitic stainless steels with various RE contents in 3.5% NaCl neutral solutions have been measured by electrochemical methods. The effect of RE on pitting corrosion resistance of 21Cr-11Ni stainless steels has been studied by the metallographic examination. The results show that sulfide and other irregular inclusions are modified to round or oval-shaped RE2O2S and RES after adding RE to 21Cr-11Ni stainless steesl. RE makes sulfide, and other irregular inclusions change to dispersed round or oval-shaped RE inclusions, effectively inhibits the occurrence of pitting corrosion, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of 21Cr-11Ni austenitic stainless steels.

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