Fabrication Multi-Layer Polymer Microstructures by X-Ray Lithography with Alignment

2010 ◽  
Vol 663-665 ◽  
pp. 1016-1019
Author(s):  
Yi Gui Li ◽  
Susumu Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
Large Displacement ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Main Chain ◽  
Polymer Microstructures ◽  
Polymer Microfabrication

Poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) and Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) are transparent and they are suitable for optical purposes. The multi-layer polymer microfabrication can be applied for a large displacement actuator and precision sensors. A new method is intruduced to generate the multi-layer polymers microstructures by X-ray lithography with alignment. The function of X-ray on polymer materials are breaking the polymer main chain and generating intermediates which can be degraded further and finally dissolved by the solvent interaction. The method for polymer micromachining by using X-ray lithography with alignment for fabrication multi-layer micro polymer structures is confirmed experimentatively.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Glycerol Sebacate)-co-Lactic Acid via Gamma Irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1098 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Michael Giles B. Dupio ◽  
Gandy M. Nunez ◽  
Lucille V. Abad ◽  
Charito T. Aranilla ◽  
Eduardo R. Magdaluyo
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Irradiation Dosage ◽  
Ester Linkage

The gamma irradiation was utilized to facilitate the synthesis of poly (glycerol sebacate)-co-lactic acid (PGS-co-LA). The effect of methyl methacrylate (MMA) crosslinker and varying dosage of irradiation to the structural composition and thermal properties of the synthesized PGS-co-LA was investigated. Compositional analyses of the polymer materials using infrared spectroscopy confirm the covalent formation of ester linkage. The use of methyl methacrylate enhances the formation of the characteristic bonds in the polymer structure. The intensity of these peaks increases with increasing irradiation dosage and high amount of crosslinker. The melting temperature of the PGS-co-LA becomes more negative with the incorporation of high amount of MMA.

scholarly journals (S)-1-(Ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl(2R,5S)-2,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-one-2-carboxylate

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1178 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. M1178
Author(s):  
R. Aitken ◽  
Oliver Haslett ◽  
Alexandra Slawin
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Ethyl Pyruvate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nmr Methods

The title compound was obtained in low yield in the condensation of ethyl pyruvate and lactic acid. Its structure is determined by NMR methods and x-ray diffraction and the mechanism for formation of this 1:2 adduct from the initial 1:1 adduct is considered.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Biodegradable Vascular PLLA Scaffold with Improved X-ray Opacity, Anti-Inflammation, and Re-Endothelization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Ho In Lee ◽  
Yun Heo ◽  
Seung-Woon Baek ◽  
Da-Seul Kim ◽  
Duck Hyun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
High Mechanical Property ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) has been used as a biodegradable vascular scaffold (BVS) material due to high mechanical property, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, acidic byproducts from hydrolysis of PLLA reduce the pH after the surrounding implanted area and cause inflammatory responses. As a result, severe inflammation, thrombosis, and in-stent restenosis can occur after implantation by using BVS. Additionally, polymers such as PLLA could not find on X-ray computed tomography (CT) because of low radiopacity. To this end, here, we fabricated PLLA films as the surface of BVS and divided PLLA films into two coating layers. At the first layer, PLLA film was coated by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and magnesium hydroxide (MH) with poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) for radiopaque and neutralization of acidic environment, respectively. The second layer of coated PLLA films is composed of polydopamine (PDA) and then cystamine (Cys) for the generation of nitric oxide (NO) release, which is needed for suppression of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs). The characterization of the film surface was conducted via various analyses. Through the surface modification of PLLA films, they have multifunctional abilities to overcome problems of BVS effectively such as X-ray penetrability, inflammation, thrombosis, and neointimal hyperplasia. These results suggest that the modification of biodegradable PLLA using TIBA, MH, PDA, and Cys will have important potential in implant applications.

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