Reduction of Power Grid Losses by Using Energy Efficient Distribution Transformers

2012 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Themistoklis D. Kefalas ◽  
Antonios Kladas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Electrical Grids ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficient Distribution

The importance of distribution transformer no-load loss on the operation of modern electrical grids is often underestimated. Internationally, distribution transformer no-load loss constitutes nearly 25% of the transmission and distribution losses of electrical grids. The losses in European Union distribution transformers are estimated at about 33 TWh/year whereas, reactive power and harmonic losses add a further 5 TWh/year. In the Greek electrical grid the no-load losses of 140,000 distribution transformers are estimated at about 490 GWh/year. This paper has two goals the first one is to illustrate the significance of distribution transformer no-load loss in periods of high electric energy cost and the second goal is the presentation of a novel numerical methodology for wound core transformers no-load loss analysis, enabling to determine the economically and technically optimum transformer for every use.

Multi objective evolutionary algorithm for designing energy efficient distribution transformers

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tamilselvi ◽  
S. Baskar ◽  
L. Anandapadmanaban ◽  
V. Karthikeyan ◽  
S. Rajasekar
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithm ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Efficient Distribution

Energy-efficient distribution transformers in Europe: impact of Ecodesign regulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anibal De Almeida ◽  
Bruno Santos ◽  
Fernando Martins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Efficient Distribution

The New Development Trend of Distribution Transformer

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 831-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Cai Lu ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Wei Chao ◽  
Wu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Distribution Transformers

Firstly, this paper introduces the development of new materials, new technology and new manufacture in power industry of China, energy-saving, low noise and smart distribution transformers are widely used in countryside power grid reconstruction. In this paper, application status and development trend of different types of distribution transformers were introduced and compared in terms of new material and new structure, such as oil-immersed distribution transformer, amorphous core transformer(AMT), dry-type transformer, SF6 insulated distribution transformer, composite transformer and other types of distribution transformers. The development of distribution transformer is mainly based on energy saving, miniaturization, wound core and amorphous alloy nowadays, but the class-H dry-type transformer and tridimensional toroidal-core amorphous alloy transformer are the future direction of development. The technology application of smart distribution grid, power electronics technology and dynamic reactive power compensation technique will also affect the safety and economic operation of distribution transformer.

scholarly journals An Experimental Setup for Monitoring Distribution Transformer Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giri Rajanbabu Venkatakrishnan ◽  
Ramasubbu Rengaraj ◽  
Arvindswamy Velumani
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Incipient Faults ◽  
Health Monitoring Systems ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

The Distribution transformers are the most expensive and important component which are used for transmission and distribution of electrical energy. It is imperative that the transformers function correctly without any faults, and should any faults occur, the same should be detected and corrected as soon as possible to prevent the failure of the power system to supply power. Health monitoring systems of distribution transformers are used to diagnose the distribution transformer and to deduce its working condition under the occurrence of incipient faults. This paper presents a model of a health monitoring system for distribution transformers in a laboratory environment. The proposed model ensures that faults do not disrupt the regular supply of power.

scholarly journals Fault ride-through capability of wind turbine connected to the grid in case of unbalanced voltages

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 495-512
Author(s):  
Zoran Ivanovic ◽  
Marko Vekic ◽  
Stevan Grabic ◽  
Ivan Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Vector Current ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Dual Vector ◽  
Current Controller ◽  
Fault Ride Through ◽  
Recent Transmission ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

This paper deals with control of wind turbine connected to the grid through the back-to-back converter in case of unbalanced grid voltages. The motivation for this research has been found in recent transmission and distribution grid code, which demand modern wind turbines to stay connected to the grid and supply the highest possible apparent power during the grid disturbances. In order to comply with these requirements we proposed improved dual vector current controller to deal with the unbalance imposed by the electrical grid. Controller provides injection of active and reactive power to the grid, even if the voltages are lower than the nominal one. The results are validated using low power prototype and contemporary hardware-in-the-loop emulation platform. In both cases the controller is based on TMS320F2812 DSP.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT

2014 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
KIRAN M KESHYAGOL
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficient Transmission

This paper incorporates power transmission and distribution system with usually one major control system which enables the system to supply electricity. In this paper an attempt is made to solve the problems occurring in transmission and distribution system such as over loading of ‘Distribution transformers’, losses in Transmission and Distribution system, getting low voltage at end consumer who is far away from the distribution transformer, we then present our approach to an efficient and healthy power system. And this offers a healthy and efficient Transmission and Distribution system compared to existing one.

MSHE-PWM Control of Modular Multilevel Direct Current Transmission System

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 553-559
Author(s):  
HU Xin-xin ◽  
Chen Chun-lan
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Pwm Control ◽  
Harmonic Elimination

In order to optimize the electric energy quality of HVDC access point, a modular multilevel selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (MSHE-PWM) method is proposed. On the basis of keeping the minimum action frequency of the power device, MSHE-PWM method can meet the requirement for accurately eliminating low-order harmonics in the output PWM waveform. Firstly, establish the basic mathematical model of MMC topology and point out the voltage balance control principle of single modules; then, analyze offline gaining principle and realization way of MSHEPWM switching angle; finally, verify MSHE-PWM control performance on the basis of MMC reactive power compensation experimental prototype. The experimental result shows that the proposed MSHE-PWM method can meet such performance indexes as low switching frequency and no lower-order harmonics, and has verified the feasibility and effectiveness thereof for optimizing the electric energy quality of HVDC access point.

scholarly journals Configurations, Power Topologies and Applications of Hybrid Distribution Transformers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1215
Author(s):  
Alvaro Carreno ◽  
Marcelo Perez ◽  
Carlos Baier ◽  
Alex Huang ◽  
Sanjay Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Hybrid Distribution

Distribution systems are under constant stress due to their highly variable operating conditions, which jeopardize distribution transformers and lines, degrading the end-user service. Due to transformer regulation, variable loads can generate voltage profiles out of the acceptable bands recommended by grid codes, affecting the quality of service. At the same time, nonlinear loads, such as diode bridge rectifiers without power factor correction systems, generate nonlinear currents that affect the distribution transformer operation, reducing its lifetime. Variable loads can be commonly found at domiciliary levels due to the random operation of home appliances, but recently also due to electric vehicle charging stations, where the distribution transformer can cyclically vary between no-load, rated and overrated load. Thus, the distribution transformer can not safely operate under highly-dynamic and stressful conditions, requiring the support of alternative systems. Among the existing solutions, hybrid transformers, which are composed of a conventional transformer and a power converter, are an interesting alternative to cope with several power quality problems. This article is a review of the available literature about hybrid distribution transformers.

scholarly journals Analysis of Various Options for Balancing Power Systems’ Peak Load

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Henryk Majchrzak ◽  
Michał Kozioł
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
End Users ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Continuous Energy ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

The balancing of the power of the Polish Power System (KSE) is a key element in ensuring the safety of electric energy supplies to end users. This article presents an analysis of the power demand in power systems (PS), with emphasis on the typical power variability both in subsequent hours of the day and on particular days and in particular months each year. The methodology for calculating the costs of electric energy undelivered to the end users and the amount of these costs for KSE is presented. Different possibilities have been analyzed for balancing power systems’ peak load and assumptions have been formulated for calculating the amount of the related costs. On this basis, a comparative analysis has been made of the possibility to balance peak load using operators’ system services, trans-border connections, and various energy storage solutions. On the basis of the obtained results, optimal tools have been proposed for market-based influence from transmission and distribution system operators on energy market participants’ behaviors in order to ensure the power systems’ operating safety and continuous energy deliveries to end users.

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