Effect of the Ball Milling on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AlN/Cu Composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Qian Yu ◽  
Mei Hui Song ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xiao Chen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Composite Powders

AlN/Cu composite powder was prepared by ball milling method. Laser particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis were performed to study AlN/Cu composite powders. The effects of rotation speed, mixing time, and ball to powder weight ratio (BPR) on the particle size distribution, composition, and morphology were investigated. Results showed that the best ball milling parameters were the rotation speed of 200r/min, mixing time of 6 hours and BPR 10:1. In this best condition, AlN/Cu composite powders would be obtained with optimum particle size distribution and morphology. Then composite powders were pressed at 500MPa and sintered at 1000°C in N2atmosphere. Finally, the composite with an AlN content of 33wt% showed the bending strength of 370MPa, Vikers hardness HV154, thermal conductivity of 182.7W/m°C and electrical conductivity of 3.08MS/m. However, the composite with an AlN content of 25wt% showed the bending strength of 329MPa, Vikers hardness HV122, thermal conductivity of 195W/m°C and electrical conductivity of 6.54MS/m.

scholarly journals The Study of Carbon Recovery from Electrolysis Aluminum Carbon Dust by Froth Flotation

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Hesong Li ◽  
Jiaoru Wang ◽  
Wenyuan Hou ◽  
Mao Li ◽  
Benjun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Molten Salt Electrolysis ◽  
Carbon Recovery ◽  
Aluminum Smelting

A large amount of carbon dust is generated in the process of aluminum smelting by molten salt electrolysis. The carbon dust is solid hazardous waste but contains a large quantity of recyclable components such as carbon and fluoride. How to recycle carbon dust more effectively is a challenge in the aluminum electrolysis field. In this study, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and other methods were used to analyze the phase composition of electrolytic aluminum carbon dust. The effects of particle size distribution of carbon dust, impeller speed, reagent addition, mixing time, and flotation time on the flotation recovery of carbon dust were studied. The optimal flotation conditions were obtained and the flotation products were analyzed. The results show that the optimal particle size distribution is 70% of particles below 200 mesh, corresponding to a grinding time of 11 min. The optimum speed of the flotation machine was to be between 1600 and 1800 r/min with the best slurry concentration of 20–30% and 5 min mixing time, and the collector kerosene was suitable for adding in batches. Under the above conditions, the recovered carbon powder with a carbon content of 75.6% was obtained, and the carbon recovery rate was 86.9%.

Simplified estimation of unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity using bulk electrical conductivity and particle size distribution

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Neyshabouri ◽  
Mehdi Rahmati ◽  
Claude Doussan ◽  
Boshra Behroozinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Unsaturated Soil ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity K is a fundamental transfer property of soil but its measurement is costly, difficult, and time-consuming due to its large variations with water content (θ) or matric potential (h). Recently, C. Doussan and S. Ruy proposed a method/model using measurements of the electrical conductivity of soil core samples to predict K(h). This method requires the measurement or the setting of a range of matric potentials h in the core samples—a possible lengthy process requiring specialised devices. To avoid h estimation, we propose to simplify that method by introducing the particle-size distribution (PSD) of the soil as a proxy for soil pore diameters and matric potentials, with the Arya and Paris (AP) model. Tests of this simplified model (SM) with laboratory data on a broad range of soils and using the AP model with available, previously defined parameters showed that the accuracy was lower for the SM than for the original model (DR) in predicting K (RMSE of logK = 1.10 for SM v. 0.30 for DR; K in m s–1). However, accuracy was increased for SM when considering coarse- and medium-textured soils only (RMSE of logK = 0.61 for SM v. 0.26 for DR). Further tests with 51 soils from the UNSODA database and our own measurements, with estimated electrical properties, confirmed good agreement of the SM for coarse–medium-textured soils (<35–40% clay). For these textures, the SM also performed well compared with the van Genuchten–Mualem model. Error analysis of SM results and fitting of the AP parameter showed that most of the error for fine-textured soils came from poorer adequacy of the AP model’s previously defined parameters for defining the water retention curve, whereas this was much less so for coarse-textured soils. The SM, using readily accessible soil data, could be a relatively straightforward way to estimate, in situ or in the laboratory, K(h) for coarse–medium-textured soils. This requires, however, a prior check of the predictive efficacy of the AP model for the specific soil investigated, in particular for fine-textured/structured soils and when using previously defined AP parameters.

Joining of Ceramic Components in the Green State via LPIM

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Waesche ◽  
Carl Paulick ◽  
Gabriele Steinborn ◽  
V. Richter ◽  
M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Green State ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Molded Parts

It has been successfully demonstrated that ceramic materials can be joined in the green state without a second phase by using low pressure injection molded parts. The investigation of the joining interface revealed that a high quality interface can be achieved by carefully adjusting the different manufacturing steps. The use of monomodal particle size distribution in the used powder CT3000SG is inferior to a broader particle size distribution obtained by replacing 33% of the finer alumina powder by coarser CT1200SG. In this way the dewaxing process is significantly improved when the wall thickness of the part exceeds 3 mm. The investigation of the mechanical properties of the joined and sintered parts revealed, that the bending strength of the joined specimens achieved about 80 % of the unjoined, monolithic specimens.

scholarly journals Filter Cake Utilization as Filler of 15-15-15+5S Compound Fertilizer: Particle Size Distribution and Granule Crushing Strength Properties

REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Kasmadi Kasmadi ◽  
Budi Nugroho ◽  
Atang Sutandi ◽  
Syaiful Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Potassium Sources

Compound fertilizer which combining organic-inorganic materials need to be developed to improve the effectivness of fertilizers in the soil. Filter cake as a material has highly potential to be used as a filler in physical process granulation of compound fertilizer. In this study, the particle size distribution and granule crushing strength properties were tested using 15-15-15 + 5S fertilizer compound formula, which are varied in the filler composition and K sources. Potassium sources consisted of 2 (two) types of fertilizers i.e KCl and K2SO4. Filler composition as a binder in fertilizer granulation consists of 5 combination filter cake and clay ratios (60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10 and 100:0). Granulation carried out by the granulation method using pan granulator of 2 kg/batch capacity, 23 rpm rotation speed and 50o pan slope. The results of the research showed that statistically the combination of filter cake and clay 70:30 had a size distribution and hardness of granules not significantly different from standard fertilizer (100% clay). Keywords: crushing strength; filler; filter cake; granulation; size distribution

scholarly journals Effect of Bimodal cBN Particle Size Distribution on Thermal Conductivity of Al/cBN Composite Fabricated by SPS

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi MIZUUCHI ◽  
Kanryu INOUE ◽  
Yasuyuki AGARI ◽  
Masami SUGIOKA ◽  
Motohiro TANAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution

Characterization of Zirconia Sizing Nozzle Modifying Addictives Preparated by Sol-Gel Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 1078 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Qun Hu Xue ◽  
Dong Hai Ding
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray

MgO-Al2O3-ZrO2composite powders with 3 kinds of mass ratio were synthesized by sol–gel method using MgCl2·6H2O, AlCl3·6H2O and ZrOCl2·8H2O as starting materials, and NH3·H2O as a precipitant. The composite powders which match with zirconium oxide particle size and evenly distribute can are advantageous to the formation of metastable t-ZrO2and restrain the grain growth as the additive of modified sizing nozzle. Chemical composition, mineral phase, particle size distribution and micro-morphology of the composite powders were investigated by X-ray fluorescence instrument, X-ray diffractometer, laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope. Research showed that under the process that the concentration of MgCl2solution 0.2 mol/L, AlCl3and ZrOCl2solution concentration 0.5 mol/L, the pH controlled between 10 ~ 11, PEG as the surfactant, drying at 70°C±5°C, heat treatment temperature at 800°C for 3h, particle size distribution of MgO-Al2O3-ZrO2composite powders were: d10= 1.28 μm, d50= 4.65μm, d90= 11.13μm (MgO 10%); d10= 1.15μm, d50= 5.80μm, d90= 15.13μm (MgO 15%);d10= 1.21μm, d50= 6.59μm, d90= 16.87μm (MgO 20%). With the rising of heat treatment temperature, the crystallization degree of composite powders increased, at 800 °C a small amount of t - ZrO2precipitated, meanwhile MgO and Al2O3are still in the amorphous phase. The MgO-A12O3-ZrO2composite powders under this condition have high reactivity and uniform distribution.

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