Study of the Degradability of PA6/Organoclay Nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamyres Cardoso de Carvalho ◽  
Erbertt Barros Bezerra ◽  
Renê Anísio da Paz ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
Vanessa Nóbrega Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Organophilic Clay ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hexadecyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide

The study of the degradability of PA6 / organoclay nanocomposites was evaluated to minimize the effects of plastic waste in the environment. The use of clays usually accelerates the degradation of nanocomposites. A regional clay (polyamide 6, Polyform - B300) and a quaternary ammonium salt (Cetremide (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) were used. The hybrids were obtained in a co-rotating twin screw extruder and the tensile and the impact specimens were obtained through injection. The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of the salt molecules in the modified bentonite and its organophilization. The XRD results of the hybrids indicate that the peak of the organophilic clay disappeared when incorporated into the polyamide, showing that all systems were exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure. The nanocomposites showed higher tensile mechanical properties when compared to the properties of pure polyamide, and the various conditions of aging influenced the degradation of these materials.

Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of PP/EVA Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 869-872
Author(s):  
Kun Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Twin Screw

Polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were prepared using a twin-screw extruder by melt blending method. The influences of the EVA contents in PP/EVA blends on crystallization behavior and mechanical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). XRD results show that the EVA not change the crystal structure in the blends but only decrease the intensity of the diffraction peak. DSC results showed that the melting point and crystallization point decreased when EVA added to the blend. The tensile properties of PP/EVA blend become much better.

Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 6 (Pa6) / Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (Eva) / Sepiolite Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Tiqah Mohamad Fauzi ◽  
Zurina Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Moulding Machine ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of sepiolite concentration (2-10 phr) on the mechanical properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) / ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blend at the ratio 80/20. Twin screw extruder and injection moulding machine were used to prepare the samples. The strength and modulus of flexural was increased until 6 phr of sepiolite content. On the other hand, the impact strength of PA6/EVA/sepiolite composite was decreased gradually as sepiolite content increased.

Improvement of toughness properties of polypropylene filled with nanobentonite using stearic acid as interface modifier

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarazett Hernandez ◽  
Tomas Lozano ◽  
Ana B Morales ◽  
Fabiola Navarro-Pardo ◽  
Pierre G Lafleur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface And Interface ◽  
Acid Incorporation ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Physical Interactions

The mechanical properties of polypropylene-bentonite nanocomposites were studied in this work. In this study, stearic acid was used as both a new surface modifier of the nano bentonite and a new interface modifier during the compounding of the nanocomposites with a twin-screw extruder. Three different weight concentrations (1.5 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, and 5.0 wt.%.) were chosen for each type of nanobentonite compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy allowed us the possibility to discard any chemical interaction between the nanobentonite and stearic acid. Nevertheless, the physical interactions between both components favored the mechanical properties, resulting in around 150% improvement in the elongation of the nanocomposites containing stearic acid as surface and interface modifier. This can be due to the good intercalation of the nanobentonite platelets as found by wide angle X-ray diffraction and this was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, where the fracture surface analyses of these nanocomposites showed the best dispersion and wetting of the nanoplatelets by the polymer matrix. Crystallization behavior was also modified by stearic acid incorporation and the nanocomposites with better dispersion exhibited crystallization temperatures similar to pure polypropylene.

scholarly journals Influence of Compatibilizer and Processing Conditions on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Deformation Mechanism of PP/Clay Nanocomposite

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Akbari ◽  
R. Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Deformation Mechanism ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Twin Screw

Polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite was prepared by melt intercalation method using a twin-screw extruder with starve feeding system in this paper. The effects of compatibilizer, extruder rotor speed and feeding rate on properties of nanocomposite were investigated. Structure, tensile, and impact properties and deformation mechanism of the compounds were studied. For investigation of structure and deformation mechanisms, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission optical microscopy (TOM) techniques were utilized, respectively. The results illustrate that introduction of the compatibilizer and also variation of the processing conditions affect structure and mechanical properties of nanocomposite.

Influence of Molecular Weight of Polyamide 6 in Obtaining of Nanocomposites with National Organoclay

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1711-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renê Anísio da Paz ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
Luiz Antonio Pessan ◽  
Tomás Jefférson Alves de Mélo ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature

Much attention is being given to developing nanocomposites with layered silicates, owing to the great need for advanced materials engineering and the fact that the pure polymers do not present the behavior or properties needed for certain applications within that context, the objective of this study was to influence of the molecular weight of polyamide 6 in obtaining nanocomposites with national organoclay. For this, the mixture of polyamide 6/ organoclay was processed in a twin screw extruder, and then was characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and heat deflection temperature (HDT). It was then possible to observe by XRD to obtain a structure exfoliated or partially exfoliated in the studied systems. For TG, it was found that the nanocomposites were stabilities higher than the pure polymer. And the values of HDT of systems were significantly higher than those of pure polyamide 6.

The Effect of Polyethylene-Octene Elastomer on the Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 6/Polypropylene Nanocomposites

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.U. Wahit ◽  
A. Hassan ◽  
Z.A. Mohd Ishak ◽  
A. Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Modified Montmorillonite ◽  
Polypropylene Nanocomposites ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Pp Blends

Rubber-toughened nanocomposites (RTNC) consisting of ternary blends of polyamide 6 (PA6), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE) containing 4 wt% of organophilic modified montmorillonite were produced by melt compounding followed by injection moulding. The blend composition was kept constant (PA6/PP=70/30 parts by weight) while the POE content was varied between 5 and 20 wt%. Maleated PP (PP-g-MA) was used as compatibilizer. The morphology of the RTNC was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of RTNC were studied through tensile, flexural, Izod impact and fracture toughness properties. While the tensile and flexural properties were found to decrease with the increasing concentration of POE, the toughness was significantly enhanced as compared to the neat PA6/PP blends. In general, the blends containing 10-15 wt% of POE had the best balance of stiffness, strength and toughness. The addition of 30 wt% of PP in the PA6 matrix improved the compatibility between PA6 and the rubber phase. XRD established that the organoclay was well dispersed (exfoliated) and preferentially embedded in the PA6 phase.

Study of Mechanical Properties and Morphology of PA 6/PO Blends Compatibilized by PO Grafted with Itaconic Acid

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xijun ◽  
Jiang Zhaohua ◽  
Zhu Wenming
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Glass Temperature ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTwo different types of polyolefine (PO) grafted with itaconic acid as a reactive compatibilizer, polypropylene (PP) grafted with itaconic acid (PP-g-ITA) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) grafted with itaconic acid (HDPE-g-ITA), PP and HDPE grafted with copolymer of itaconic acid and styrene (PP-g-(ITA-St) and HDPE-g-(ITA-St)) were prepared by melt graft technique through reactive type twin-screw extruder. FT-IR and thermal analysis were used to characterize the structure of the graft copolymer. The graft ratio (GR) and melt flow rate (MFR) were determined by non-aqueous titration and melt flow rate analyzer. The effect of the concentration of monomer and initiator dosage on GR and MFR of graft copolymer were studied. Then polyamide 6 (PA 6) blends, PA 6/PP (PA 6/HDPE), that compatibilized with PP-g-ITA (HDPE-g-ITA) were prepared. The morphology of the blends was analyzed by SEM, DSC and Molau tests and the mechanical properties of which were characterized by tensile, impact, and bend tests. The results of mechanical property showed that the impact strength of blends was increased by 50% and 70% after PP-g-ITA and HDPE-g-ITA was used as compatibilizer, but the MFR of blends was decreased. The SEM photographs indicated that the accession of compatibilizer obviously improved binding state between two phases in blends, the size of dispersed phase was reduced evidently and the interface became indistinct. DSC results demonstrated that in the case of PP-g-ITA, glass temperature (Tg) of PA 6 matrix in blends was ascended, melt point (Tm) was improved a little, crystallinity (Xc) was decreased, Tm and Xc of PP phase was increased; With the accession of HDPE-g-ITA, Tm of PA 6 matrix and HDPE phase had almost no change, Xc of PA 6 matrix was decreased and Xc of HDPE phase was increased.

Rheology, Morphology and Mechanical Properties of PA6/PP-g-MAH/POE Blends

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 310-313
Author(s):  
Ming Tao Run ◽  
Meng Yao ◽  
Bing Tao Xing ◽  
Wen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plastic Fluids ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Toughening Agent

The rheology, morphology and mechanical properties of the PA6/PP-g-MAH/POE blends prepared by twin-screw extruder were studied by rheometer, scanning electron microscopy, universal tester and impact tester, respectively. The results suggest that the impact strength is improved by the POE acting as a toughening agent, while the compatibility of PA6 and POE is improved by the compatibilizer of PP-g-MAH. Furthermore, the PP-g-MAH component also acts as a reinforcing agent for decreasing the strength depression induced by the POE component. When POE content is about 9 wt% and PP-g-MAH content is about 10% in blends, the blend has the maximum tensile strength and impact strength. All melts of PA6/PP-g-MAH/POE blends are pseudo-plastic fluids. Both the POE and PP-g-MAH components can increase the apparent viscosity of the melt due to their facility of the linear molecular.

scholarly journals LDPE/HDPE/Clay Nanocomposites: Effects of Compatibilizer on the Structure and Dielectric Response

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zazoum ◽  
E. David ◽  
A. D. Ngô
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Response ◽  
Interfacial Polarization ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyethylene Blend ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Relaxation Modes

PE/clay nanocomposites were prepared by mixing a commercially available premixed polyethylene/O-MMT masterbatch into a polyethylene blend matrix containing 80 wt% low-density polyethylene and 20 wt% high-density polyethylene with and without anhydride modified polyethylene (PE-MA) as the compatibilizer using a corotating twin-screw extruder. In this study, the effect of nanoclay and compatibilizer on the structure and dielectric response of PE/clay nanocomposites has been investigated. The microstructure of PE/clay nanocomposites was characterized using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermal properties were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dielectric response of neat PE was compared with that of PE/clay nanocomposite with and without the compatibilizer. The XRD and SEM results showed that the PE/O-MMT nanocomposite with the PE-MA compatibilizer was better dispersed. In the nanocomposite materials, two relaxation modes are detected in the dielectric losses. The first relaxation is due to a Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interfacial polarization, and the second relaxation can be related to dipolar polarization. A relationship between the degree of dispersion and the relaxation ratefmaxof Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars was found and discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of Fluorine on Clinker burnability and mechanical properties of CPA Moroccan cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01075 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bouregba ◽  
A. Diouri ◽  
B. Elghattas ◽  
A. Boukhari ◽  
T. Guedira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Calcium Fluoride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Free Lime ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cement Raw Mix

It has been found that the addition of certain components, despite their low concentration in raw mix, may accelerate and enhance the reactivity of the cement raw mix. The utilization of mineralizers to facilitate and quicken the process of clinkerization backpedals numerous years, the concept of using such mineralizers to burn normal raw mixes at a much lower temperature with the end goal of decreasing the fuel necessities of the furnace and to enhance the cement proprieties has become to be seriously considered over the most recent couple of years. The subject of this paper is to investigate the impact of calcium fluoride as mineralizer on addition during the clinkerization process of industrial raw mixtures and its effect on chemical, mineralogical, and mechanical properties of CPA Moroccan cement. Five different raw meals were utilized and were burned with 2% of calcium fluoride. The resulting clinker was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the chemical phases of the obtained clinker, and the mechanical properties of resulting CPA cement were determined. The results show that the addition of 2% of CaF2 to the clinker raw meal induced a decrease in the burning temperature and free lime, while improving the clinker phase formation and the mechanical properties of obtained cement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document