Synthesis of New Surfactants from Lauramidopropyl Betaine and Surface Activity Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 953 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Na Liu ◽  
An Guo Yang ◽  
Seng Peng ◽  
Rong Jun Zhang ◽  
Jin Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foaming Ability ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Main Component

The ampholytic surfactant lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB) has excellent properties and very low irritation. It has good compatibility and can be used together with cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants. In this paper, new surfactants were synthesized by using LAB as the main component and the molar ratios of LAB to formaldehyde were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4, respectively. The new functional group hydroxymethyl was introduced into the LAB, and the effect of hydroxymethyl on the properties of raw materials was discussed. And the surface properties were studied, including surface tension, critical micelle concentration and foaming ability. Finally, it can be concluded that the introduction of methylol groups improves the performance of the prepared new surfactants in certain properties.

Synthesis and Foaming Performance of Lauramidopropyl Betaine Derivate Surfactants

2019 ◽  
Vol 953 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Bo Yun ◽  
Xiao Lu ◽  
Qiao Na Liu ◽  
Zhi Fei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
High Temperature Resistance ◽  
Amphoteric Surfactants ◽  
Main Component

The ampholytic surfactant Lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB) is a multifunctional amphoteric surfactant, which is widely used in washing formulations and is the main component of many softeners and detergent formulations. It has the advantages of less irritation to skin, mild performance and easy biodegradability. It is superior to other amphoteric surfactants. In this paper, new surfactants were synthesized by using LAB as the main component and the molar ratios of LAB to formaldehyde were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4, respectively. The new functional group hydroxymethyl was introduced into the LAB, and the effect of hydroxymethyl on the properties of raw materials was discussed. And the surface properties were studied, including high temperature resistance, methanol resistance and salt resistance. The results showed that the high temperature resistance of R2 is better below 50 °C, R0 has better high temperature resistance above 50 °C; In the aspect of methanol resistance, the methanol resistance of R4 is better at 10% and 20% methanol content; The effect of R0 is better in salt resistance. Finally, it can be concluded that the introduction of methylol groups improves the performance of the prepared new surfactants in certain properties.

Synthesis and Surface Activity of Biomass Cardanol Sulfonate Surfactant

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1534-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yu Wei Wang ◽  
Cui Qin Li ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Alkali Content ◽  
Characterization Result ◽  
Droplet Method

A novel biomass cardanol sulfonate surfactant was synthesized using cardanol and oleum as raw materials, dichloromethane as solvent. The IR characterization result has proved the occurrence of sulfonation on the benzene ring of cardanol which has given a product of cardanol sulfonate. The evaluation on the surface activity of the product has shown that the values of the surface tension and critical micelle concentration (cmc) were 38.41 mN/m and 3.37 g/L, respectively. Interfacial tension of cardanol sulfonate aqueous was measured by spinning droplet method, the results showed that the value of interfacial tension reached 8.6×10-2 mN/m when the salt content was 1%, when the alkali content was 1.2%, the value reached 1.4×10-2 mN/m.

Surface Activity Research of Cationic Gemini Surfactants

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 2076-2080
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhong Fan ◽  
Lan Lan Li ◽  
Li Feng Zhang ◽  
Qing Wang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Gemini Surfactant ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Cationic Gemini Surfactant ◽  
Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Cationic Gemini surfactant concentration, the inorganic salts added and the pH value of surface tension obtained cationic gemini surfactant critical micelle concentration is 0.4mmol / L;by adding three kinds of inorganic salts NaCl, MgCl2, and Na2SO4 ,which Na2SO4 has the greatest impact on surface tension, followed by MgCl2.The surface minimum tension of the pH ranged from 9 to 11 , indicating that the surface activity of cationic gemini surfactants achieved the highest.

Alterations in the surface properties of lung surfactant in the torpid marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Lopatko ◽  
Sandra Orgeig ◽  
Christopher B. Daniels ◽  
David Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Lung Surfactant ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Equilibrium Surface Tension ◽  
Sminthopsis Crassicaudata

Lopatko, Olga V., Sandra Orgeig, Christopher B. Daniels, and David Palmer. Alterations in the surface properties of lung surfactant in the torpid marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 146–156, 1998.—Torpor changes the composition of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the dunnart Sminthopsis crassicaudata [C. Langman, S. Orgeig, and C. B. Daniels. Am. J. Physiol. 271 ( Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 40): R437–R445, 1996]. Here we investigated the surface activity of PS in vitro. Five micrograms of phospholipid per centimeter squared surface area of whole lavage (from mice or from warm-active, 4-, or 8-h torpid dunnarts) were applied dropwise onto the subphase of a Wilhelmy-Langmuir balance at 20°C and stabilized for 20 min. After 4 h of torpor, the adsorption rate increased, and equilibrium surface tension (STeq), minimal surface tension (STmin), and the %area compression required to achieve STmin decreased, compared with the warm-active group. After 8 h of torpor, STmin decreased [from 5.2 ± 0.3 to 4.1 ± 0.3 (SE) mN/m]; %area compression required to achieve STmindecreased (from 43.4 ± 1.0 to 27.4 ± 0.8); the rate of adsorption decreased; and STeqincreased (from 26.3 ± 0.5 to 38.6 ± 1.3 mN/m). ST-area isotherms of warm-active dunnarts and mice at 20°C had a shoulder on compression and a plateau on expansion. These disappeared on the isotherms of torpid dunnarts. Samples of whole lavage (from warm-active and 8-h torpor groups) containing 100 μg phospholipid/ml were studied by using a captive-bubble surfactometer at 37°C. After 8 h of torpor, STmin increased (from 6.4 ± 0.3 to 9.1 ± 0.3 mN/m) and %area compression decreased in the 2nd (from 88.6 ± 1.7 to 82.1 ± 2.0) and 3rd (from 89.1 ± 0.8 to 84.9 ± 1.8) compression-expansion cycles, compared with warm-active dunnarts. ST-area isotherms of warm-active dunnarts at 37°C did not have a shoulder on compression. This shoulder appeared on the isotherms of torpid dunnarts. In conclusion, there is a strong correlation between in vitro changes in surface activity and in vivo changes in lipid composition of PS during torpor, although static lung compliance remained unchanged (see Langman et al. cited above). Surfactant from torpid animals is more active at 20°C and less active at 37°C than that of warm-active animals, which may represent a respiratory adaptation to low body temperatures of torpid dunnarts.

Synthesis of Chelating Surfactant and its Application in Silk Degumming

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Xi Tao Sun ◽  
Xiang Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Degumming Process ◽  
Degumming Agent

Ethanediyl-N-hexadecyl-tri(sodium α-glycinate) (N-hexadecyl ED3A), which belongs to the chelating surfactants, was synthesized by three-step reactions in this study. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The surface activity and the properties of N-hexadecyl ED3A as degumming agent were investigated. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C-N, -COONa, and C-H groups. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of N-hexadecyl ED3A was 0.249mmol•L-1, and the surface tension at the cmc (γcmc) of it was 33.03mN•m-1. This revealed that the surfactant had fairly low cmc and excellent surface activity. Lower dosage of N-hexadecyl ED3A showed as good result as the conventional soap in silk degumming process, and the degumming result was also excellent without adding the chelating dispersant.

Preparation and Properties of Amide Surfactants

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Bao Cai Xu ◽  
Gui Ju Zhang ◽  
Yun Xia Li ◽  
Lu Cui
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Surface Tensions ◽  
Equilibrium Surface ◽  
Minimum Surface Tension ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Lipophilic Groups ◽  
Long Chain

Amide surfactants have modified structures with lipophilic groups connecting hydrophilic groups through amido bond. The preparation of three families of amide surfactants including long chain N-acyl sarcosinates, amidopropyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaines and lauryl amidopropyl trimethyl ammoniums were discussed. The study of the surface activity of these compounds by measuring the equilibrium surface tensions of their dilute aqueous solutions were described. The minimum surface tension and the critical micelle concentration values of these compounds are given.

Investigation on the Effect of an Divalent Electrolyte on the Flocculation of SDBS with Al3+

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Jie Yan ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Fei Fei Yang ◽  
Dong Mei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Potential Surface ◽  
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Average Size

The effect of an divalent electrolyte Ca2+ on the flocculation of two different concentrations of anionic surfactant Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) with Al3+ has been investigated at different molar ratios Al3+ to SDBS at 298.15 K. The results showed that the flocculation characteristics of 0.01 mol•L-1 SDBS (above the critical micelle concentration CMC) and 0.001 mol•L-1 SDBS (below the CMC) were obviously different with an increase of dosages of Al3+. The z-average size of flocculate of 0.01 mol•L-1 SDBS with Al3+ decreased particularly with the pre-addition of Ca2+，It suggested the formation of the complexion Ca(SDBS)2. At optimization flocculation areas at 298.15K, pH values were all around 3.5 in the flocculation systems SDBS/Al3+ and Ca2+/SDBS/Al3+ whether the SDBS concentration above or below the CMC. The pre-addition of Ca2+ slightly affected other flocculation parameters of SDBS/Al3+ systems such as zeta potential, surface tension, conductivity and pH.

scholarly journals Hyperbranched polymer surfactant: synthesis, characterization and surface tension activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfang Ren ◽  
Zheng Tang ◽  
Taotao Qiang ◽  
Guoguo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymer ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Micellar Properties ◽  
Polymer Surfactants ◽  
Polymer Surfactant

Abstract A series of hyperbranched polymer surfactants (HBP-C8, HBP-C12 and HBP-C16) were synthesized by the reaction between hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymers (HBP) and fatty acyl chloride. The structure of obtained hyperbranched polymer surfactant was characterized by FTIR, NMR and GPC. The results showed that the products have amphiphilic structure. The thermal property of the hyperbranched polymer surfactant investigated by DSC and TGA was strongly influenced by the length of end alkyl chain. Surface activity of hyperbranched polymer surfactant was analyzed by surface tension method and UV spectrophotometry, respectively. The results showed that hyperbranched polymer surfactant took on better surface activity, which can effectively reduce the surface tension of the water. The hyperbranched polymer surfactant has a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) and displays single molecular micellar properties, which can package small hydrophilic molecules in relatively low concentration. Graphical abstract

Thermodynamic Micellization of Cationic-Nonionic Surfactants in Aqueous Solution Using Conductivity and Surface Tension Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Inaam H. Ali ◽  
Sameer H. Kareem ◽  
Fouad A.A. AL-Saady
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Mixed Micelle ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Functions ◽  
Increasing Temperature

In the current work, we discuss the mixed micelles and thermodynamic micellization of aqueous binary mixture of polyoxyethylene - 20 sorbitan-monododecanoate (Tween 20) as nonionic surfactant and Benzyldimethylhexadecyl ammonium chloride (HDBAC) as cationic surfactant using conductivity and surface tension (γ) estimations in the temperatures range (288 -318K). Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and variables of micellization, like the standard thermodynamic functions: Gibbs free energy (Δ𝐺𝑚 ⁰ ), enthalpyΔ𝐻𝑚 ⁰ ) and entropy (Δ𝑆𝑚 ⁰ ) were calculated using the variation of conductivity and γ with molar concentration and the variation of ln XCMC with temperature. The experimental CMC values were applied to calculate the mole fractions of surfactant in the mixed micelle (𝑋1 𝑚 ), the β parameter and the coefficient of activity f1and f2, using the equations proposed by Clint and Rubingh, which indicate the β parameter, is always negative. In addition, the results of thermodynamic parameters show that ΔG⁰m are negative for both individual and mixture of HDBAC-Tween20 surfactants and the values negatively increased with increasing temperature while its negative values decreasing with decreasing initial mole fraction of HDBAC.

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