Correlation of Low CD4+ Counts with High Dental Caries Prevalence in Children Living with Perinatal HIV/AIDS Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy

Background The body mass index (BMI) may contribute somewhat to drug metabolism, thus affecting the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD4+ counts in people infected with HIV are essential in determining the stage of the disease, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infections and evaluating treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the association of BMI and clinical stage with CD4+ counts in HIV patients seeking treatment using first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods An analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 251 HIV/AIDS patients who had received first-line antiretrovirals over six months. BMI, clinical staging according to WHO and CD4 + were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between BMI, clinical stage and CD4+. Results Among the enrolled patients, the median age was 36 years, 135 (55%) of the patients was female, 102 (40.6%) was overweight/obese, 161 (64.1%) was in stage 3 of the disease, and the median CD4+ count was 389 cells/mm3. Multiple linear regression test showed two variables with a significant effect on CD4+ count, namely BMI (B=69.247; 95 % CI : 42.886-95.608) and clinical stage (B=61.590; 28.910-94.270). BMI was the most influencing factor for CD4+ count (β=0.307) compared to clinical stage (β=0.216). Conclusions Body mass index was the most influencing factor for CD4 + counts of HIV/AIDS patients. Regular ART can increase CD4+ counts and maintain the health of HIV/AIDS patients.

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Clinical profiles and trends in CD4+ counts to first-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV/AIDS patients in western part of Odisha state of India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181454 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 1559

Author(s):

Pradhan B. ◽

Majhi C. ◽

Murmu B.

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Adverse Drug Reactions ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

First Line ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Clinical Stages ◽

Clinical Profiles ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: HIV infection is globally pandemic and about 36.7 million people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLHA) in 2016. At present CD4+ count is the gold standard of immunological marker of disease severity. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the first line of treatment to improve CD4 count. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES of study was to observe the clinical profiles and response in CD4+ counts to first-line HAART in PLHA and their adverse reactions.Methods: Total 153 PLHA with CD4+ counts <250/µl was consecutively taken in the study and detail clinical examinations, baseline CD4+ counts and body weights were noted. HAART was started in 26 (16.99%), 37 (24.18%), 78 (50.98%) and 12 (7.84%) cases in WHO clinical stages of I, II, III, and V respectively and CD4+ counts, body weight and any adverse drug reactions were noted at 15 days, 3, 6, 18 and 24 months intervals and data were collected and analyzed.Results: Out of 153 cases 89 were male and 64 were female. Mean age was 35.4±9.08 years for male and 30.2±5.75 years for female. Mean baseline CD4+ count was 202±75/µl and mean body weight was 47.44kg. Mean CD4+ count was increased to 314.22±166.53, 343±194.02, 378±221.30 and 299.6±146.55/µl at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months respectively. Commonest adverse drug reaction was headache and GIT side effects.Conclusions: HAART improves clinical and immunological parameter CD4+ count in PLHA, irrespective of their clinical stages. Headache and GIT manifestations are commonest adverse drug reactions.

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Dental caries prevalence in children and youths with vertically-transmitted hiv/aids from the pediatric hiv clinic (cali, colombia) and its relationship with biological factors, 2013

Revista Facultad de Odontología ◽

10.17533/udea.rfo.v29n2a2 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

María Cristina Arango De La Cruz ◽

◽

Carlos Alberto Velasco Benítez ◽

Pío López López ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Pediatric Hiv ◽

Caries Prevalence ◽

Biological Factors ◽

Hiv Aids

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Monitoring antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients in resource-limited settings: CD4 counts or total lymphocyte counts?

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2006.02.008 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 157-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dora Mbanya ◽

Felix Assah ◽

Nicaise Ndembi ◽

Lazare Kaptue

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Resource Limited Settings ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Total Lymphocyte ◽

Resource Limited ◽

Hiv Aids

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Composition of gut microbiota of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection taking antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiz473 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Trym T Flygel ◽

Evgeniya Sovershaeva ◽

Shantelle Classen-Weitz ◽

Erik Hjerde ◽

Kilaza S Mwaikono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Perinatal Hiv

Abstract Background HIV infection causes impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier, with substantial depletion of CD4+ T-cells in the gut. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV infected children. We investigated composition of gut microbiota in HIV infected and uninfected children and assessed associations between gut microbiota and patient characteristics. Methods In a cross-sectional study, rectal swabs were collected from 177 HIV infected and 103 HIV uninfected controls. Gut microbial composition was explored using 16S rRNA sequencing (Illumina Miseq). Results HIV infected children had significantly lower alpha-diversity and higher beta-diversity compared to HIV uninfected. No association was observed between microbiome diversity and CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load or HIV-associated chronic lung disease. We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (p<0.01), Finegoldia (p<0.01) and Anaerococcus (p<0.01) in HIV infected, and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (p=0.02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (<400 cells/mm3). Prolonged ART-treatment (≥10 years) was significantly associated with a richer gut microbiota by alpha diversity. Conclusion HIV infected children have altered gut microbiota. Prolonged ART may restore the richness of the microbiota closer to that of HIV-uninfected children.

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