Pediatric Central Neurologic Trauma: Issues for Special Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Leslie B. Altimier
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Pediatric Head Trauma ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Trauma Deaths

Head trauma in the pediatric population older than 1 year occurs in approximately 100,00 children per year, resulting in 250,000 to 500,000 hospitalizations annually. Head trauma accounts for 80% of all trauma deaths. The pathophysiology and management of severe pediatric head trauma is discussed. Traumatic injury to the central nervous system, its sequelae, and approaches to maximize cerebral resuscitation and stabilization are reviewed

Understanding Neuropathic Pain

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Zieglgänsberger ◽  
Achim Berthele ◽  
Thomas R. Tölle
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmitters ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Activity Dependent

AbstractNeuropathic pain is defined as a chronic pain condition that occurs or persists after a primary lesion or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system. Traumatic injury of peripheral nerves also increases the excitability of nociceptors in and around nerve trunks and involves components released from nerve terminals (neurogenic inflammation) and immunological and vascular components from cells resident within or recruited into the affected area. Action potentials generated in nociceptors and injured nerve fibers release excitatory neurotransmitters at their synaptic terminals such as L-glutamate and substance P and trigger cellular events in the central nervous system that extend over different time frames. Short-term alterations of neuronal excitability, reflected for example in rapid changes of neuronal discharge activity, are sensitive to conventional analgesics, and do not commonly involve alterations in activity-dependent gene expression. Novel compounds and new regimens for drug treatment to influence activity-dependent long-term changes in pain transducing and suppressive systems (pain matrix) are emerging.

scholarly journals Comparative study on infection of the central nervous system in patients with head trauma and spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage

Critical Care ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. P13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Vartzeli ◽  
A Yiambides ◽  
K Daskalakis ◽  
M Moukas ◽  
K Schulpis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Acellularized spinal cord scaffolds incorporating bpV(pic)/PLGA microspheres promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (32) ◽  
pp. 18677-18686
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Ke Huang ◽  
Chengliang Yang ◽  
Zhipeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Plga Microspheres ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) with a high rate of disability and a low capability of self-recovery.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological and imaging features of lipoastrocytoma: Case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Laxminadh Sivaraju ◽  
Saritha Aryan ◽  
Nandita Ghosal ◽  
Alangar S Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Total Excision ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Lipidized tumors of the central nervous system are very uncommon, with only a few cases described. We report a case of a 25-year-old woman with a tumor involving the left premotor area. She underwent gross total excision. Histologically, the tumor was composed of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive glial cells with areas of lipidization. A diagnosis of lipoastrocytoma was rendered. At three-year follow-up she was doing well, supporting the presumed favorable prognosis of these uncommon tumors. Absence of xanthochromic appearance, mitotic activity, necrosis and poor reticulin activity are the differentiating features from the pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. We highlighted that these tumors involve the adult and pediatric population and distribute in both supratentorial and infratentorial compartments as well as in the spinal cord.

scholarly journals New Insight of Circular RNAs' Roles in Central Nervous System Post-Traumatic Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lvwan Xu ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Jinjie Zhong ◽  
Ying-ying Chen ◽  
Lin-lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Second Generation Sequencing ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The central nervous system (CNS) post-traumatic injury can cause severe nerve damage with devastating consequences. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain vague. There is still an urgent need for more effective treatments. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that can form covalently closed RNA circles. Through second-generation sequencing technology, microarray analysis, bioinformatics, and other technologies, recent studies have shown that a number of circRNAs are differentially expressed after traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI). These circRNAs play important roles in the proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis in CNS post-traumatic injury. In this review, we summarize the expression and functions of circRNAs in CNS in recent studies, as well as the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction networks. The potential clinical value of circRNAs as a therapeutic target is also discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document