scholarly journals Efficacy of essential oils from bark and leaf of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola in rice seedlings and young rice plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (0) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
L.D. Amarasinghe ◽  
W.K.A.G.A. Wijesinghe ◽  
B. K. Jayawardhane
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Rice Plants

Effect of root nitrogen supply forms on attraction and repulsion of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne graminicola

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagadeesh Patil ◽  
Stephen J. Powers ◽  
Keith G. Davies ◽  
Hari S. Gaur ◽  
Anthony J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
Root Nitrogen

Three experiments were conducted to compare the attraction and repulsion of second-stage juveniles (J2) of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, to rice plants supplied with different forms of nitrogen. The rice plants were hydroponically grown in a full nutrient solution containing different concentrations (0.1 or 10.0 mM) of nitrate (NO3−) or forms of nitrogen supply (2.85 mM calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) or ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)) for 2 weeks. Five rice plants were placed with their roots in one corner of a Perspex X or Y-chamber partly filled with agar and J2 were inoculated onto the chambers. The data show that J2 of M. graminicola were significantly attracted towards the roots of rice plants grown in hydroponics containing 0.1 mM NO3− and 2.85 mM Ca(NO3)2, but repelled by 10.0 mM NO3−, 2.85 mM NH4NO3 and NH4Cl. The results suggest that the application of ammonia-based nitrogen fertiliser to the rice nursery bed may interfere with nematode attraction and thus reduce invasion, and the application of chemical nitrification inhibitors to rice nursery beds may decrease nematode invasion.

scholarly journals Control of Meloidogyne graminicola a Root-Knot Nematode Using Rice Plants as Trap Crops: Preliminary Results

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Stefano Sacchi ◽  
Giulia Torrini ◽  
Leonardo Marianelli ◽  
Giuseppe Mazza ◽  
Annachiara Fumagalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Trap Crops ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Phytosanitary Measure ◽  
Management Approaches

Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most harmful organisms in rice cultivation throughout the world. This pest was detected for the first time in mainland Europe (Northern Italy) in 2016 and was subsequently added to the EPPO Alert List. To date, few methods are available for the control of M. graminicola and new solutions are required. In 2019, field trials using rice plants as trap crops were performed in a Lombardy region rice field where five plots for three different management approaches were staked out: (i) Uncultivated; (ii) Treated: three separate cycles of rice production where plants were sown and destroyed each time at the second leaf stage; (iii) Control: rice was sown and left to grow until the end of the three cycles in treated plots. The results showed that in the treated plots, the nematode density and the root gall index were lower than for the other two management approaches. Moreover, the plant population density and rice plant growth were higher than the uncultivated and control plots. In conclusion, the use of the trap crop technique for the control of M. graminicola gave good results and thus it could be a new phytosanitary measure to control this pest in rice crop areas.

Population and Effect of Rice Root Knot Nematode in Diseased and Healthy Looking Rice Plants and Their Distribution in Rice Field

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sharma-Poudyal ◽  
R.R. Pokharel ◽  
S.M. Shrestha ◽  
G.B. Khatri-Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Diseased Root

A field survey was carried out to discover the population of M. graminicola in diseased and healthy looking rice plants and its impact on yield and yield attributing characters of rice during 2000 in Chitwan, Nepal. Root and soil samples were collected from ten upland rice fields. Modified Baermann Tray Method was used to extract the juveniles (J2) from soil and root samples. The survey revealed that the diseased root samples had the highest Meloidogyne graminicola J2 population. However, the nematode population in root and soil and root knot intensities did not differ significantly between diseases and healthy looking plants. Diseased rice plants had lower number of total and effective tillers, filled grains per panicle and grain yield. Yield reduction in diseased plants was 40.5% as compared to healthy plants in the variety 'Masuli' M. graminicola, even if a new pathogen, seems to be already established in sandy loam to loamy sand soil and reducing rice yield considerably in Nepal. J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 23:9-14.

Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effects of Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon martinii essential oils against Fusarium verticillioides

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Juliana Cristina Castro ◽  
Giseli Cristina Pante ◽  
Bruno Martins Centenaro ◽  
Rafaela Takako Ribeiro De Almeida ◽  
Eduardo Jorge Pilau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii

scholarly journals Fumigation and repellency of essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in cowpea

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Vargas de Oliveira ◽  
Solange Maria de França ◽  
Douglas Rafael e Silva Barbosa ◽  
Kamilla de Andrade Dutra ◽  
Alice Maria Nascimento de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Piper Aduncum

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the fumigant and repellent effects of essential oils on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus and to identify the chemical composition of two of the tested essential oils. For the fumigation test, the oils of Schinus terebinthifolius, Piper aduncum, Syzygium aromaticum, Piper hispidinervum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound were tested at different concentrations on C. maculatus adults. For the repellency test, the oils of S. terebinthifolius, P. aduncum, P. hispidinervum, S. aromaticum, Jatropha curcas, and Ricinus communis were evaluated. In the fumigation test, it was observed that P. aduncum and eugenol showed the highest and lowest LC50s, of 169.50 and 0.28 μL L-1 air, respectively. In the repellency test, the oils of S. aromaticum and P. hispidinervum were repellent to C. maculatus. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of these two oils identified 42 compounds, of which safrole was the main component of P. hispidinervum and eugenol of S. aromaticum. The essential oils of S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound are the most promising to control C. maculatus, via fumigation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Organic Amendments against Rice Root-KnotNematode at Seedling Stage of Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Kumar Dangal ◽  
D. Sharma Poudyal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
C. Adhikari ◽  
J. M. Duxbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Lesion Severity

Pot experiment was conducted during July-September 2006 to evaluate some organic amendments such as sesame (Sesamum indicum) biomass, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) biomass, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, chinaberry (Melia azedarch) leaves and chicken manure @ 1, 2 and 3 t ha-1 each against the rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birchfield) in direct seeded rice. The treatments were replicated five times in a randomized complete block design. The number of second stage juveniles (J2) of M. graminicola was significantly low in chicken manure @ 3 t ha-1. The root knot severity index was significantly low in sesame @ 3 t ha-1, chinaberry @ 3, 2 or 1 t ha-1, neem @ 3 t ha-1 and chicken manure @ 2 or 3 t ha-1 amended soil but root lesion severity index was lower only in chicken manure @ 2 t ha-1 treated plots. The fresh shoot weight and length were significantly high in chicken manure amendment @ 2 or 3 t ha-1 at 45th day after seeding. However, the fresh root weight, length, number of leaves and number of J2 recovered from the roots were non-significant. Key words: biomass; juveniles; Meloidogyne graminicola; root-knot severity index; root lesion severity index DOI: 10.3126/njst.v9i0.3160 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 9 (2008) 21-27

scholarly journals Influence of Essential Oils on Post-infection Botrytis Damage in Cut Roses1

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Ben A. Bergmann ◽  
John M. Dole
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Thyme Oil

Abstract We assessed the degree to which 16 post-infection treatments controlled Botrytis (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr.) damage in cut roses (Rosa × hybrida). Additional experiments examined whether essential oils (EO) of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) leaf (CLO), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.) bud (CBO), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) (TO) could reduce damage in Botrytis-infected cut roses. The 16 treatments applied to ‘Light Orlando' cut roses differed in reducing Botrytis damage and causing phytotoxicity damage. Only the synthetic fungicide fludioxonil [applied as 0.23 g · L−1 (0.00024 oz · fl oz−1) Medallion®] resulted in the desirable combination of greatly reduced stem termination frequency due to Botrytis damage and relatively minor flower phytotoxicity. When applied to cut rose ‘Freedom' or cultivars with light colored flowers (‘Cool Water', ‘Jessika', ‘Polar Star', ‘Tiffany'), all EO aqueous solutions caused pronounced phytotoxicity damage, but only TO reduced Botrytis damage significantly compared to untreated flowers. Roses exposed to EO vapor rather than an aqueous solution tended to exhibit less phytotoxicity. Vapors of CLO and CBO tended to reduce Botrytis damage less and caused greater flower phytotoxicity than TO vapor and aqueous fludioxonil. Thyme oil vapor exposures of 4.6 and 9.1 ppm warrant further investigation. Index words: Botrytis blight, Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr., cut flowers, floriculture, fungicide, gray mold, Rosa × hybrida. Chemicals used in this study: Bacillus subtilis (Cease®), bleach (Clorox®), chlorothalonil (Daconil®), copper sulphate (Phyton® 27), fenhexamide (Elevate®), fludioxonil (Medallion®), hydrogen peroxide (ZeroTol® 2.0), iprodione (Chipco® 26019 Flo), potassium bicarbonate (Milstop®), pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant® Intrinsic®). Species used in this study: Rose (Rosa × hybrida) ‘Cool Water', ‘Freedom', ‘Jessika', ‘Polar Star', ‘Tiffany', Botrytis (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr.).

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