Stimuli increasing oviposition by female coffee white stem borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Rhainds ◽  
Maarten Warndorff ◽  
Phang Kok Chiew ◽  
Chin Chiew Lan ◽  
Gerhard Gries
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Oviposition Sites ◽  
Control Management ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Extensive Damage

The coffee white stem borer, Xylotrechus quadripes (Chevrolat) is a major pest of coffee, Coffea arabica (L.) (Rubiaceae), in South Africa, India, Thailand, and China (Duffy 1968; Schoeman 1990; Visitpanich 1994; Montavon 1997). Females lay eggs singly or in batches, generally under bark crevices of the stem. Neonatal larvae feed beneath the bark and, during development, bore deeply inside the stem. Stems are colonized by up to 60 larvae. Extensive damage by larvae causes mortality of coffee plants or reduction of fruit production (Duffy 1968; GK veeresh). Because larvae inside the stems of coffee plants are difficult to control, management tactics are aimed at preventing infestation, either by interfering with oviposition of females or by killing neonates before they bore into the stem. Our study tested insect and host plant derived stimuli that may affect the selection of oviposition sites by female X. quadripes.

scholarly journals Selection of coffee progenies for resistance to nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis in infested area

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Maria Lima Salgado ◽  
Juliana Costa de Rezende ◽  
José Airton Rodrigues Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Genotypic Association ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches ◽  
Mixed Model Methodology ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this study was to select Coffea arabica progenies for resistance to M. paranaensis in an infested coffee growing area using Henderson's mixed model methodology. Forty-one genotypes were selected at the Coffee Active Germplasm Bank of Minas Gerais, and evaluated in regard to stem diameter, number of plagiotropic branches, reaction to the nematode, and yield per plant. There was genetic variability among the genotypes studied for all the traits evaluated, and among the populations studied for yield and reaction to the nematode, indicating possibilities for obtaining genetic gains through selection in this population. There was high rate of genotypic association between all the traits studied. Coffee plants of Timor Hybrid UFV408-01 population, and F3 progenies derived from crossing Catuaí Vermelho and Amphillo MR 2161 were the most promising in the area infested by M. paranaensis.

scholarly journals YIELD OF Coffea arabica GRAFTED ONTO Coffea canephora IN SOILS INFESTED WITH NEMATODES IN MEXICO

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier López García ◽  
Juan Guillermo Cruz Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

The total of three consecutive years of fruit production was evaluated in six coffee cultivars (<em>Coffea arabica L</em>.) propagated by seed and grafted onto Robusta (<em>Coffea canephora</em> var. Robusta). The plantations were established at 640 m, 920 m, and 1340 m altitude in the central region of the Veracruz State, Mexico. The <em>coffea</em> plants were established in soils naturally infested with nematodes. Grafted plants had higher production than those propagated by seed. Fruit production was higher at 640 m and 920 m than at 1340 m for the two types of propagation. The cultivars Colombia Brote Café and Colombia Brote Verde had the highest fruit yield regardless of the propagation methods; in contrast, Pacamara, had the lowest. The grafted coffee plants that were planted at 1340 m had a yield reduction of 27% in comparison with those at 640 and 920 m. When the Costa Rica 95 variety was grafted, it achieved fruit yield similar to Colombia Brote Verde and Colombia Brote Café. Pacamara produced almost 28% more fruit when it was grafted onto Robusta.

Anthores leuconotus. [Distribution map].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Africa ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anthores leuconotus Pasc. (Col., Lamiidae) (White Stem Borer of Coffee). Hosts: Coffee (especially Coffea arabica), other woody plants. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Burundi, Cameroun, Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Republic of South Africa, Rhodesia, Rwanda, South-West Africa, Sudan, Tanganyika, Uganda, Zambia, Zanzibar.

Apartheid Aesthetics and Insignificant Art

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Stephanus Muller
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
South African ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Art Songs ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Small House ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Selection Of

Stephanus Le Roux Marais (1896−1979) lived in Graaff-Reinet, South Africa, for nearly a quarter of a century. He taught music at the local secondary school, composed most of his extended output of Afrikaans art songs, and painted a number of small landscapes in the garden of his small house, nestled in the bend of the Sunday’s River. Marais’s music earned him a position of cultural significance in the decades of Afrikaner dominance of South Africa. His best-known songs (“Heimwee,” “Kom dans, Klaradyn,” and “Oktobermaand”) earned him the local appellation of “the Afrikaans Schubert” and were famously sung all over the world by the soprano Mimi Coertse. The role his ouevre played in the construction of a so-called European culture in Africa is uncontested. Yet surprisingly little attention has been paid to the rich evocations of landscape encountered in Marais’s work. Contextualized by a selection of Marais’s paintings, this article glosses the index of landscape in this body of cultural production. The prevalence of landscape in Marais’s work and the range of its expression contribute novel perspectives to understanding colonial constructions of the twentieth-century South African landscape. Like the vast, empty, and ancient landscape of the Karoo, where Marais lived during the last decades of his life, his music assumes specificity not through efforts to prioritize individual expression, but through the distinct absence of such efforts. Listening for landscape in Marais’s songs, one encounters the embrace of generic musical conventions as a condition for the construction of a particular national identity. Colonial white landscape, Marais’s work seems to suggest, is deprived of a compelling musical aesthetic by its very embrace and desired possession of that landscape.

YOUTH WELLBEING IN SOUTH AFRICA: WHAT DIMENSIONS SHOULD WE MEASURE?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dabesaki Mac-Ikemenjima
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
African Cities ◽  
South African Cities ◽  
Selection Of

There is growing interest in the development of measures and indexes of youth wellbeing. However, there has been a limited discussion on indicators to measure and select them. This paper reports on the results of a qualitative study on the selection of indicators to measure the wellbeing of young people in South Africa, and reflects on the relevance of the content of their values in choosing indicators for measuring their wellbeing. The data used in this analysis is based on telephone (9) and email (6) interviews conducted with 15 young people (male=5, female=10) aged 22 to 32 from five South African cities during July 2010. In the interviews, participants were asked to identify five issues they considered important to their lives, after which they were asked to rank them in order of importance. The issues indicated by the participants are described and discussed in six dimensions: economic, relationships, spiritual and health, education, time use and material. The indicators developed from this study are discussed in terms of their relevance for use in a measure of youth wellbeing in South Africa.

Habitat selection of Cape porcupines in a farmland-suburban context in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Samukelisiwe P. Ngcobo ◽  
Amy-Leigh Wilson ◽  
Colleen T. Downs
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Selection Of

Habitat use by stream-breeding frogs in south-east Sulawesi, with some preliminary observations on community organization

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme R. Gillespie ◽  
David Lockie ◽  
Michael P. Scroggie ◽  
Djoko T. Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Partitioning ◽  
Tropical Stream ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Oviposition Sites ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Spatial Habitat

The habitat associations of stream-breeding frogs were examined along a series of stream transects on Buton Island in south-east Sulawesi, Indonesia. Of the eight frog species located along streams, four were observed breeding in stream habitats. We examined spatial habitat partitioning among these species. Three of the four species were found to be associated with a non-random selection of the available perch sites. Strong partitioning between species in habitat associations was found; partitioning of the available habitat space was primarily associated with differences in proximity to stream features, and in the height of perch sites. General observations indicated that oviposition sites of most species were associated with the microhabitats in which the adult frogs were found. All four stream-breeding species appear to have synchronous breeding phenologies and the spatial relationships of these species within the habitat space appear to reflect partitioning of calling sites and oviposition sites. The stream-breeding frog community in this region of Sulawesi has much lower species richness and less specialized habitat use compared with other tropical stream-breeding frog communities in the region.

scholarly journals Water-use dynamics of an alien-invaded riparian forest within the Mediterranean climate zone of the Western Cape, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4551-4562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce C. Scott-Shaw ◽  
Colin S. Everson ◽  
Alistair D. Clulow
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. In South Africa, the invasion of riparian forests by alien trees has the potential to affect the country's limited water resources. Tree water-use measurements have therefore become an important component of recent hydrological studies. It is difficult for South African government initiatives, such as the Working for Water (WfW) alien clearing program, to justify alien tree removal and implement rehabilitation unless hydrological benefits are known. Consequently, water use within a riparian forest along the Buffeljags River in the Western Cape of South Africa was monitored over a 3-year period. The site consisted of an indigenous stand of Western Cape afrotemperate forest adjacent to a large stand of introduced Acacia mearnsii. The heat ratio method of the heat pulse velocity sap flow technique was used to measure the sap flow of a selection of indigenous species in the indigenous stand, a selection of A. mearnsii trees in the alien stand and two clusters of indigenous species within the alien stand. The indigenous trees in the alien stand at Buffeljags River showed significant intraspecific differences in the daily sap flow rates varying from 15 to 32 L day−1 in summer (sap flow being directly proportional to tree size). In winter (June), this was reduced to only 7 L day−1 when limited energy was available to drive the transpiration process. The water use in the A. mearnsii trees showed peaks in transpiration during the months of March 2012, September 2012 and February 2013. These periods had high average temperatures, rainfall and high daily vapor pressure deficits (VPDs – average of 1.26 kPa). The average daily sap flow ranged from 25 to 35 L in summer and approximately 10 L in the winter. The combined accumulated daily sap flow per year for the three Vepris lanceolata and three A. mearnsii trees was 5700 and 9200 L, respectively, clearly demonstrating the higher water use of the introduced Acacia trees during the winter months. After spatially upscaling the findings, it was concluded that, annually, the alien stand used nearly 6 times more water per unit area than the indigenous stand (585 mm a−1 compared to 101 mm a−1). This finding indicates that there would be a gain in groundwater recharge and/or streamflow if the alien species are removed from riparian forests and rehabilitated back to their natural state.

scholarly journals Developing an intranet towards knowledge sharing: A practitioner-based inquiry

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
U. R. Averweg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Mixed Methodology ◽  
Knowledge Management Strategy ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Large Organization ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Selection Of

The intranet is a common feature in many organizations. With the increasing use of a technology infrastructure in organizations, there is a continued challenge for employees in an organization to contribute their knowledge willingly and to make use of knowledge sharing with other employees. Intranets are well-suited for use as a strategic tool in knowledge sharing due to their ability to support the distribution, connectivity and publishing of data and information. Intranets should be seen as integral to an organization’s knowledge management strategy and should be tailored to suit and enhance an organization’s knowledge-sharing activities. The question arises: To what extent does an organization’s existing intranet facilitate knowledge sharing? From a practitioner-based inquiry perspective, this question was explored by the selection of a large organization – eThekwini Municipality, Durban, South Africa – as the field of application. Derived from a mixed methodology approach, the results of a survey are presented. It is suggested that encouragement be given for more practitioner-based inquiry research.

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