The Males of Dialictus laevissimus (Smith) and D. rohweri (Ellis) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 1228-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Knerer ◽  
C. E. Atwood
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
Junior Author ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Correct Association

Proper association of males with females of the bee family Halictidae presents difficulties not found in most insect groups. In the north temperate zone males emerge in late summer, mate with the females and then die, only females surviving over winter. Collecting in spring and early summer therefore yields only females and only in the later collections do males appear.Correct association between males and females may be secured by excavating burrows after males have emerged from the pupae, by collecting mating pairs or by making such extensive collections in a limited area that statistical evidence may be secured to support conclusions based on morphological features. This technique was used by the junior author in his original studies of Andrenidae and Halictidae (Atwood, 1933) but is by no means a universal practice. Consequently, many species names in the Halictidae are based on descriptions of one sex only while in other instances the association between male and female rests upon a very shaky foundation. This paper is designed to clarify the status of two species which are now in the above categories.

scholarly journals The status of Asthenopus Curtus (Hagen) (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) ()

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Berner
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Study of a series of reared adult male and female mayflies in the genus Asthenopus from the Amazon demonstrated that males had been described by Hagen as A. curtus and females as A. amazonicus. As only a single species is represented by the strongly sexually dimorphic males and females, all should be designated as A. curtus (Hagen) and A. amazonicus (Hagen) is, therefore, a synonym.

scholarly journals Changes in Biomass and Diversity of Soil Macrofauna along a Climatic Gradient in European Boreal Forests

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Kozlov ◽  
Vitali Zverev ◽  
Vladimir I. Gusarov ◽  
Daniil I. Korobushkin ◽  
Nina P. Krivosheina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
The North

Latitudinal gradients allow insights into the factors that shape ecosystem structure and delimit ecosystem processes, particularly climate. We asked whether the biomass and diversity of soil macrofauna in boreal forests change systematically along a latitudinal gradient spanning from 60° N to 69° N. Invertebrates (3697 individuals) were extracted from 400 soil samples (20 × 20 cm, 30 cm depth) collected at ten sites in 2015–2016 and then weighed and identified. We discovered 265 species living in soil and on the soil surface; their average density was 0.486 g d·w·m−2. The species-level diversity decreased from low to high latitudes. The biomass of soil macrofauna showed no latitudinal changes in early summer but decreased towards the north in late summer. This variation among study sites was associated with the decrease in mean annual temperature by ca 5 °C and with variation in fine root biomass. The biomass of herbivores and fungivores decreased towards the north, whereas the biomass of detritivores and predators showed no significant latitudinal changes. This variation in latitudinal biomass patterns among the soil macrofauna feeding guilds suggests that these guilds may respond differently to climate change, with poorly understood consequences for ecosystem structure and functions.

Delimitation of the segmented trapdoor spider genus Luthela gen. nov., with comments on the genus Sinothela from northern China (Araneae, Mesothelae, Liphistiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5091 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
XIN XU ◽  
LI YU ◽  
FENGXIANG LIU ◽  
DAIQIN LI
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nomina Dubia

A new genus of the primitively segmented trapdoor spiders, which is endemic to the north of China, is described, Luthela gen. nov., and the status of Sinothela Haupt, 2003 and Sinothela sinensis (Bishop & Crosby, 1932) is discussed and both are treated as nomina dubia. The new genus Luthela gen. nov. is erected based on morphology and molecular data of the type species Luthela yiyuan sp. nov. A taxonomic revision of the new genus is given. Three Sinothela species are transferred to the new genus, L. luotianensis comb. nov. and L. schensiensis comb. nov. are redescribed using our newly collected specimens, include L. heyangensis comb. nov. as a junior synonym of L. schensiensis comb. nov., and describe six new species based on both male and female morphological characters: L. badong sp. nov., L. dengfeng sp. nov., L. handan sp. nov., L. taian sp. nov., L. yiyuan sp. nov., and L. yuncheng sp. nov.  

Catchability of the southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii. I. Effects of sex, season and catch history

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Ziegler ◽  
S. D. Frusher ◽  
C. R. Johnson ◽  
C. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Jasus Edwardsii ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
Trap Catches

Seasonal variation in catchability of the southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii, was estimated in a scientific reserve in south-east Tasmania by comparing estimates of lobster density based on direct visual observations underwater with concomitant estimates from trapping surveys. Underwater density estimates of undersized and legal-sized male and female lobsters >80 mm carapace length, did not change significantly over the 14-month study period, with the exception of undersized males (≤110 mm carapace length). Sex ratios remained constant at approximately 1 : 1. In marked contrast, catch rates of males and females and the sex ratio of trapped lobsters varied strongly with season, implying that catchability varies seasonally and with sex. Catchability of males and females was highest in early summer and lowest in winter. Impact of capture on subsequent catchability appeared to be weak, since the ratios of tagged animals in the population observed underwater generally reflected recapture rates of tagged animals in trap catches. Recapture rates increased with size and were higher for medium-sized and large males than for similar-sized females. However, for each particular sex-size group, recapture rates remained relatively constant throughout the study period.

A REVISION OF THE GENUS TACHINUS (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE) OF NORTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (S90) ◽  
pp. 7-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Central American ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collecting Techniques ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Central American Species

AbstractThe species of the genus Tachinus (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) of North and Central America are revised. Forty-four species are recognized, of which eight are described as new; eight species names are placed in synonymy. The subgenera Drymoporus Thomson and Porodrymus Rey are placed in synonymy with Tachinus and the genus is divided into 17 species groups based on an examination of both the Nearctic and the Palearctic fauna. The distribution of each species is mapped and the male genitalia, the male and female eighth abdominal sternites and tergites, and the male seventh sternite are illustrated for every species. A neotype is designated for T. fumipennis Say, and lectotypes are designated for all the North and Central American species of Tachinus described by Gravenhorst, Erichson, Mäklin, Horn, and Sharp. Diagnostic keys for males and females are included. A brief discussion of the nomenclatural history of the genus, of collecting techniques, and of the major diagnostic characters is included.

Unraveling the white-clothed Diestostemma Amyot & Serville: a taxonomic revision of the American sharpshooters of the D. bituberculatum complex (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4281 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÂNGELO PARISE PINTO ◽  
GABRIEL MEJDALANI ◽  
DANIELA MAEDA TAKIYA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
New Geographical Record ◽  
General Appearance

The taxonomy of the Proconiini genus Diestostemma Amyot & Serville is revisited and the D. bituberculatum species complex is proposed to include D. bituberculatum (Signoret), D. rubriventris (Schmidt), and four new species. A revision of this species complex includes a new geographical record for D. rubriventris and description and illustration of three Ecuadorian and one Brazilian new species based on males and females: D. albinoi sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province), D. cavichiolii sp. nov. (Brazil: Mato Grosso State), D. gervasioi sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province), and D. olivia sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province). These species, all named as homages to the treehopper specialist Dr. Albino Morimasa Sakakibara and his former students, are very similar to D. bituberculatum in general appearance, differing mainly by the shape of the male and female terminalia, but also by slight aspects of the external morphology. The status of the name-bearing specimen of D. rubriventris is modified from lectotype to holotype. The study shows that the species diversity of Diestostemma is far from being entirely known. However, several old available names should be evaluated in a full revision context before description of other new species. 

Epinotia cinereana (Haworth, 1811) bona sp., a Holarctic tortricid distinct from E. nisella (Clerck, 1759) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini) as evidenced by DNA barcodes, morphology and life history

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3318 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko MUTANEN ◽  
LEIF AARVIK ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS Landry ◽  
ANDREAS H. SEGERER ◽  
OLE KARSHOLT
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Morphological Differences

DNA barcodes of European tortricid moths identified as Epinotia nisella (Clerck, 1759) were found to comprise two ge-netically distinct clusters. These coincided with E. nisella and E. cinereana (Haworth, 1811) (sp. rev.), the latter havingbeen considered a synonym of the former for several decades. Comparing these DNA barcodes with those of North Amer-ican Epinotia showed that both species are Holarctic. The North American Proteopteryx criddleana Kearfott, 1907 is anew junior synonym of E. cinereana (syn. nov.). The two species also show distinct differences in male and female gen-italia. North American populations of both species show moderate differences in barcodes from their respective Europeanpopulations but there are no morphological differences correlated with the intraspecific barcode clusters. Tortrix petranaHübner, 1813 is considered as a junior synonym of E. cinereana (syn. rev.). Epinotia nisella has several synonyms reflect-ing its highly variable forewing colour pattern. We discuss its variation and the status of the names associated with it. The biology of both species in Europe and North America is summarized. Adults and genitalia are illustrated.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Status of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in the Smooth Muscle of the Antrum and Pylorus in Diabetic Male and Female Patients with Severe Gastroparesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Zorisadday Gonzalez ◽  
Irene Sarosiek ◽  
Mohammad Bashashati ◽  
Brian Davis ◽  
Osvaldo Padilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Stimulation System ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Females dominate in the area of gastroparesis (GP), making up to 70–80% of these patients. One attractive hypothesis is that females have less smooth muscle reserve and thus less resilience to recover from an insult. Our aim was to investigate if there are gender differences in the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the antral and pyloric smooth muscle of diabetic (DM) patients with severe gastroparesis refractory to standard medical management. Full thickness antral and pyloric biopsies were obtained during surgery to implant a gastric electrical stimulation system and perform a pyloroplasty. Thirty-eight DM patients (66% females, n = 25; mean age 44) who failed medical therapies provided antral biopsies. Pyloric tissue samples were also collected from 29 of these patients (65% females, n = 19). Tissues were stained with H&E and c-Kit for the presence of ICC. ICC depletion was defined as less than 10 cells/HPF. In the antrum, 40% of females had significant ICC depletion, similar to 38% in males. In the pylorus, 68% of females had depletion of ICC, compared to 80% depletion in males. When combining both antral and pyloric smooth muscle regions, ICC depletion was similar in males (40%) when compared to females (38%). In diabetic patients with severe GP, females and males showed similar degrees of reduction in antral ICC, while more males had depletion of pyloric smooth muscle ICC compared to their female counterparts. Future larger studies should focus on whether differences in other smooth muscle biomarkers can be identified between males and females.

Seasonal patterns in the reproductive activity of barnacle-dwelling littorinids

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Johnson ◽  
Peter J. Mill ◽  
Susan L. Hull ◽  
Paul Ducrotoy ◽  
Kevin J. Caley
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Component ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Littorina Arcana ◽  
Males And Females

The reproductive activity of a population of barnacle-dwelling littorinids at Peak Steel, on the north-east coast of England, was investigated. Variation in the number of mature males and females, expressed as a percentage of the whole population, showed a marked difference among the barnacle-dwelling littorinids. Littorina neglecta displayed a distinct seasonal component to its reproductive activity, with a peak in early summer. Littorina arcana B also displayed a distinct seasonal component, with a lull in the summer months. However, L. saxatilis B maintained its reproductive activity all year, but with an increase in output in the summer. The reproductive activity of both L. arcana B and L. saxatilis B follow similar patterns of reproductive activity as their typical non barnacle-dwelling forms, suggesting that these are true barnacle-dwelling ecotypes. The controversy surrounding the specific status of L. neglecta is also discussed.

SELECTION OF SPIDER PREY BY TRYPOXYLON POLITUM (SAY) (HYMENOPTERA: SPHECIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G. Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Prey Size ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractMore than 94% of all spiders captured by Trypoxylon politum (Say) were from three genera: Neoscona, Araneus, and Eustala. The contribution of these spider genera to provisions of T. politum in the eastern and southeastern United States was estimated as follows: Eustala, 17%; Araneus, 21%; and Neoscona, 59%. Provisions in early summer were dominated by Araneus marmoreus Clerck, Eustala sp., and Neoscona hentzii (Keyserling); in mid-summer by N. hentzii; and in late summer by A. marmoreus and Neoscona domiciliorum (Hentz). The proportions of juvenile, subadult, and adult spiders captured depended on the time of year and the developmental stage of the spider. Trypoxylon politum captured male and female subadults, and female adults, but took very few male adults. Trypoxylon politum was found to be stenophagous with respect to prey species and euryphagous with respect to prey size.

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