Qualification of AM-Parts for The Offshore Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole-Bjørn Ellingsen Moe ◽  
Bertrand Henri Benoit Maillon
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Expert Advisory ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
Recommended Practices ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Abstract Use of additive manufacturing (AM) technology is quite mature in medicine and aerospace industries but adoption of the technology has been limited in the oil and gas industry. One of the reasons behind the slow adoption is the non-availability of industry standards and recommended practices. DNV aims to help the adoption of AM in the oil and gas industry by providing the needed industry standards and recommended practices. DNV is one of the largest classification societies in the world and provides classification, technical assurance, software and independent expert advisory services to the maritime, oil & gas and energy industries. DNV has been running several projects globally to help the industry qualify materials and products produced by additive manufacturing. DNV has been working since January 2018 together with main stakeholders in a joint Industry Project (JIP) to develop requirements necessary to introduce components made by AM for oil and gas and related applications. The outcome of the JIP was released to the industry in 2020; a standard that describes the qualification and quality assurance of AM parts. The AM technologies addressed in the standard are laser based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) and wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). In this paper, the standard is presented, and a systematic way to qualify parts made by PBF-LB and WAAM technologies described. A case study, leading to a qualified part according to the standard will be presented. It has been led by Vallourec, a world leader in tubular solutions for the energy sectors. Vallourec embraced additive manufacturing a few years ago and is currently developing and offering WAAM components for various industries.

Identifying Key Safety Culture Factors for the Offshore Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Lou ◽  
Ezra Wari ◽  
James Curry ◽  
Kevin McSweeney ◽  
Rick Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Us ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

This research identifies key factors, or safety culture categories, that can be used to help describe the safety culture for the offshore oil and gas industry and develop a comprehensive offshore safety culture assessment toolkit for use by the US Gulf of Mexico (GoM) owners and operators. Detailed questionnaires from selected safety culture frameworks of different industries were collected and analyzed to identify important safety culture factors and key questions for assessment. Safety frameworks from different associations were investigated, including the Center for Offshore Safety (COS), Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). The safety culture factors of each of these frameworks were generalized and analyzed. The frequency of the safety culture factors in each framework was analyzed to explore commonality. The literature review and analysis identified a list of common factors among safety culture frameworks.

SafeOCS Industry Safety Data Program: An Industrywide Safety Data Management Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Demetra V. Collia ◽  
Roland L. Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Us ◽  
Recommended Practices ◽  
Industry Associations

Introduction In the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the oil and gas industry, regulators, and other stakeholders recognized the need for increased collaboration and data sharing to augment their ability to better identify safety risks and address them before an accident occurs. The SafeOCS program is one such collaboration between industry and government. It is a voluntary confidential reporting program that collects and analyzes data to advance safety in oil and gas operations on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). The US Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) established the program with input from industry and then entered into an agreement with the US Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) to develop, implement, and operate the program. As a principal statistical agency, BTS has considerable data-collection-and-analysis expertise with near-miss reporting systems for other industries and the statutory authority to protect the confidentiality of the reported information and the reporter’s identify. Source data submitted to BTS are not subject to subpoena, legal discovery, or Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. Solving for the Gap Across industries, companies have long realized the benefits of collecting and analyzing data around safety and environmental events to identify risks and take actions to prevent reoccurrence. These activities are aided by industry associations that collect and share event information and develop recommended practices to improve performance. In high-reliability industries such as aviation and nuclear, it is common practice to report and share events among companies and for the regulators to identify hidden trends and create or update existing recommended practices, regulations, or other controls. The challenge for the offshore oil and gas industry is that industry associations and the regulator are typically limited to collecting data on agency-reportable incidents. With this limitation, other high-learning-value events or observed conditions could go unnoticed as a trend until a major event occurs. This lack of timely data represented an opportunity for the industry and the offshore regulator (BSEE) to collaborate on a means of gathering safety-event data that would allow for analysis and identification of trends, thereby enabling appropriate interventions to prevent major incidents and foster continuous improvement. The SafeOCS Industry Safety Data (ISD) program provides an effective process for capturing these trends by looking across a wider spectrum of events, including those with no consequences.

Additive Manufacturing in the Oil and Gas Industry Overview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo De Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
Process Feedback ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The API 20S Standard is designed to play a crucial role in leveraging Additive Manufacturing (AM) to foster innovation in the oil and gas industry. The paper, in association with the standard, will facilitate the understanding of how AM will enable equipment design improvements, faster prototyping, and better inventory management. By way of discussing the progress, challenges, and lessons learned from the standardization process, the paper aims to encourage a safer, broader, and faster adoption of AM technologies in the mainstream oil and gas applications. The paper will summarize the streamlining process, feedback from the API 20S task group, and current status of the standardization efforts. Additionally, upcoming challenges and the potential for the oil and gas industry industries to contribute to the standard will be summarized. The paper will also showcase a novel tiered approach (Additive Manufacturing Specification Levels) to allow the users of the document to match different levels of criticality.

Integration between RCM and RAM: a case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria De Sanctis ◽  
Claudia Paciarotti ◽  
Oreste Di Giovine
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Availability Analysis ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Offshore Industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a practical method of performing maintenance in the offshore industry where engineers have to manage problems such as the high cost of operations, assuring an high availability of the plant, safety on board and environmental protection. Indeed an efficient maintenance method it is necessary in order to offer methods and criteria to select the rights maintenance strategies keeping in to account the environmental, safety and production constrains. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides an overview of reliability centered maintenance (RCM) and reliability, availability, maintainability methodologies and an integration of the two methodologies in a particular case study in the oil and gas sector. Findings – This paper suggests an improvement of the well-established RCM methodology applicable to industries with high priority level. It is proposed an integration between a reliability analysis and an availability analysis and an application on the offshore oil and gas industry. Practical implications – The methodology provides an excellent tool that can be utilized in industries, where safety, regulations and the availability of the plant play a fundamental role. Originality/value – The proposed methodology provides a practical method for selecting the best maintenance strategy considering the equipment redundancy and sparing, the asset’s performance over long time scales, and the system uptime, downtime and slowdowns.

FLOATING PRODUCTION, STORAGE AND OFFLOADING FACILITIES—IMPACT OF THE NEW OIL TANKER CONSTRUCTION RULES

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Robin C. Gehling ◽  
Michael P. Lane ◽  
Robert M. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Cooperative Effort ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Safety Certification ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Tankers ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Double Hull

FPSOs are often converted from, and carry ship safety certification as, oil tankers. The two types of ship have been reasonably compatible until passage in early 1992 of new international requirements for tankers to be constructed or converted to double hull requirements and for existing vessels to be phased out when they have been in service for 25 to 30 years. Such requirements, which have become increasingly onerous since 1973, are based on the hazards involved in navigation of oil tankers and do not reflect the risks applying to FPSO operations.In cooperation with the Australian offshore industry, AMSA made a number of submissions to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), seeking clarification on whether FPSOs should be subjected to the rules for oil tankers. To cover the possibility that it is confirmed that FPSOs should comply with the rules, the submission proposed modifications to those rules to reflect the FPSO operating environment.The submissions resulted in IMO deciding, in March 1993, that although FPSOs would continue to be treated as oil tankers, they would not be required to comply with the double hull requirements which could have necessitated their withdrawal from service upon reaching 30 years of age.Achievement of a successful conclusion to this project has involved a cooperative effort between AMSA and the offshore oil and gas industry.

Best Available Techniques Applied to the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Vandenbussche ◽  
Emma Karlstrøm Thylander ◽  
Daniel Millet
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil

ABSTRACT Best Available Techniques (BAT) is a principle originally defined in the EU directive on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC). The overall ambition of the directive is to reduce emissions and impacts on the environment as a whole. The purpose of a BAT assessment is to identify the technique with the best environmental performance among all available techniques for a certain industrial application. Such assessment should also take into account technical and economic constraints. A wide variety of industries fall under the scope of the IPPC requirement for BAT in Europe. The BAT approach is more and more applied in countries outside of EU, and adopted by private organisations as a best practice. In the offshore Oil & Gas industry in Norway, for instance, the BAT approach is now applied to many systems, such as power generation, produced water management, VOC recovery, or, more recently, leak detection and remote sensing. The particularity of the site-specific constraints as well as a lifecycle perspective, typical of the offshore Oil & Gas industry, makes the application of the BAT approach challenging for this sector. Best Available Techniques for offshore applications are therefore site-specific, and require a case by case assessment. In addition, in countries such as Norway, there is no guideline or directive describing how to perform a BAT assessment, which hence needs interpretation and adjustment for each individual application. DNV has developed a methodology for BAT assessments specifically for the offshore industry. This methodology is based on a ranking of the environmental performance as well as technical feasibility, reliability and costs of available industrial concepts. The approach is applicable to various stages of offshore Oil & Gas projects. This paper will describe the BAT methodology for the offshore Oil & Gas industry, and give relevant examples of its application to various systems commonly found on offshore facilities. Challenges and future opportunities will also be presented and discussed.

Prediction of Riser VIV With Staggered Buoyancy Elements

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Malakonda Reddy Lekkala ◽  
Muk Chen Ong
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Flexible Cylinder ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Different Diameters

Steel lazy-wave riser (SLWR) are attractive deepwater applications for offshore oil and gas industry. When subjected to current, both the buoyancy elements and the riser may experience Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV). Such vibrations are the result of the periodic hydrodynamic forces that are induced by the interaction of slender bodies and external fluid flow. If the vibration period is close to the natural period of the system, it can lead to fast accumulation of fatigue damage to the risers and amplified drag loads. There is a competition between the vortex induced forces acting on the buoyancy element and the riser segment due to its different diameters. The interaction of the vortex shedding from the riser and the buoyancy element depends on many parameters, such as the arrangement of the buoyancy element, aspect ratio of the buoyancy element, etc. Shell Oil Company conducted VIV model tests with a straight flexible cylinder and staggered buoyancy elements corresponding to a buoyant section of a SLWR in MARINTEK in 2011. Five different buoyancy element configurations were tested. The test data has been extensively studied (Rao, et al 2015 and Jhingran, et al 2012). The interaction of the buoyancy elements and bare riser and its influence on the riser response (frequency, displacement and fatigue damage) have been investigated. Semi-empirical VIV prediction software, such as VIVANA [4], SHEAR7 [13] and VIVA [11] are most commonly used by the offshore industry in the riser systems design against VIV loads. However, these software are not purposely designed to account for the interaction of the bare riser section and the buoyancy elements. It is of great interest to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The purpose of this study is to benchmark the VIV prediction of riser with buoyancy elements using VIVANA. The prediction is compared with Shell model test results with focus on CF responses. Uncertainty and improvement of the prediction are also discussed.

Can the Caspian Sea Survive its Own Oil? Environmental Regulation of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the Caspian Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-456
Author(s):  
Elena Karataeva
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Industry Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

This article critically examines the shortcomings of the offshore industry regulation in the Caspian Sea and proposes a framework to strengthen it. It considers the hydrocarbon industry and resources of the Caspian Sea region and analyses the extent and impacts of Caspian offshore oil and gas activities on its environment, reviews selected regional and global regulatory frameworks for the offshore oil and gas industry and their effectiveness, discusses existing shortcomings of the national and regional regulation of the Caspian offshore oil and gas industry, and provides suggestions on how it could be improved, drawing on the experience and regulatory formulations from other regions of the world.

scholarly journals Cybersecurity in Oil Storage and Transportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Klarmann
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Safe Production ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Cyber threats to the oil and gas industry have been existent in one form or another for as long as computing and networking systems have utilized to increase the efficiency of production and transportation operations. The number of systems that are utilizing internet-connected technology to aid the industry has risen dramatically over the past 20 years, seeing use on exploration, management of production systems, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), and supply chain management. As the number of available exploits and attacks against these systems increases over time, it is more necessary than ever to ensure that cybersecurity is in facility and vessel plans. Incorporating cybersecurity measures into the existing security framework will be critical to ensuring that malicious actors do not impact communities and the environment through destructive attacks upon production and transportation. This paper will provide a look at the impact cyberattacks may have on the safe production, storage, and transportation of oil, as well as provide insight as to what industry standards and legal proposals exist to ensure that industry partners are operating securely throughout the US.

Changes in labour and safety regulation offshore: the productivity implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Eleanor Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Safety Regulation ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Impact

In recent years there have been ongoing tussles regarding the regulation of employment in the offshore oil and gas industry. Much of this conflict relates to the extent of union involvement in the industry, and the impact increased union activity may have on cost and productivity. This conflict has played out in the courts, legislature and the media. It is evidenced in the debate over the application of Australian migration laws to foreign workers offshore. This has involved lobbying by a number of organisations and Federal and High Court challenges to parliamentary intervention. Whether these laws apply has important implications for industry, as they include the practicalities and cost of engaging adequately skilled contractors for specialist tasks on major projects. Another recent example is the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) advocating for the application of the harmonised workplace health and safety regulations to the offshore industry. The application of these regulations would likely affect the extent of union involvement in the workplace, and have consequent cost and efficiency implications. In this extended abstract the author examines the impacts on industry of: recent and upcoming changes in employment regulation; uncertainties around the application of employment laws offshore; proposed changes to safety regulation; and, areas where industry is seeing advocacy for change.

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