scholarly journals Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Major Risk Factor in Patients with Hypertension: Update and Practical Clinical Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Katholi ◽  
Daniel M. Couri
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Flow Reserve

Left ventricular hypertrophy is a maladaptive response to chronic pressure overload and an important risk factor for atrial fibrillation, diastolic heart failure, systolic heart failure, and sudden death in patients with hypertension. Since not all patients with hypertension develop left ventricular hypertrophy, there are clinical findings that should be kept in mind that may alert the physician to the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy so a more definitive evaluation can be performed using an echocardiogram or cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Controlling arterial pressure, sodium restriction, and weight loss independently facilitate the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Choice of antihypertensive agents may be important when treating a patient with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers followed by calcium channel antagonists most rapidly facilitate the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. With the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic function and coronary flow reserve usually improve, and cardiovascular risk decreases.

scholarly journals Diagnosing Cardiac Amyloidosis: From Heart Failure to Electrical Storm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adithya T. Mathews ◽  
Abu-Sayeef Mirza ◽  
Chandrashekar Bohra ◽  
Akshay G. Mathews ◽  
Philip Ritucci-Chinni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Diuretic Therapy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Electrical Storm ◽  
Rapid Progression

Cardiac amyloidosis is a condition when amyloid fibers are deposited in the extracellular space of the heart causing tachyarrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death. We present a 71-year-old woman presenting with dyspnea on admission. Echocardiogram revealed diastolic heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy with strain pattern concerning for an infiltrative process. She was discharged with diuretic therapy and scheduled for a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. One week after discharge, she was readmitted with progressive shortness of breath and syncope. She was found to be in shock and had multiple episodes of cardiac arrest with both ventricular tachycardia and pulseless electrical activity. She developed electrical storm and eventually passed within 24 hours. Autopsy revealed gross cardiomegaly and left ventricular hypertrophy with Congo red staining revealing amyloid fibrils with apple-green birefringence. This case demonstrates the rapid progression of cardiac amyloidosis from acute-onset diastolic heart failure to uncontrollable ventricular tachycardia, and eventually death. We review the literature regarding multiple diagnostic modalities that facilitate the confirmation of cardiac amyloidosis.

scholarly journals Plasma Biomarkers That Reflect Determinants of Matrix Composition Identify the Presence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Diastolic Heart Failure

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Zile ◽  
Stacia M. DeSantis ◽  
Catalin F. Baicu ◽  
Robert E. Stroud ◽  
Sheila B. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Plasma Biomarkers

scholarly journals ELEVATED LEVELS OF HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR DISTINGUISH CARDIAC AMYLOID FROM LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AND DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (13) ◽  
pp. E994
Author(s):  
Evan L. Brittain ◽  
Jesalyn Tate ◽  
Jared P. LeBoeuf ◽  
Quinn S. Wells ◽  
Yan R. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Amyloid ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

scholarly journals Association of ACE gene D polymorphism with left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with diastolic heart failure: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e010282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Bahramali ◽  
Mona Rajabi ◽  
Javad Jamshidi ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi ◽  
Mehrdad Zarghami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals A case report of an infiltrative cardiomyopathy in everyday practice: a specific cause that cannot be missed in the elderly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Chiou ◽  
Edris Aman ◽  
Manoj Kesarwani
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hypertensive Heart Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Definitive Therapy

Abstract Background  Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a commonly misdiagnosed cardiac condition due to low disease awareness and perceived rarity, which frequently results in incorrect management and poor outcomes. Early and prompt diagnosis has become critical with emerging therapies that improve patient survival. Case summary  A 68-year-old woman presented to a tertiary care centre with acute decompensated heart failure following recurrent hospitalizations for the same issue over the past several months. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with grade III diastolic dysfunction. However, QRS voltage by 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was discordant with the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy seen by echocardiography, and the patient had recurrent non-sustained ventricular tachycardia that necessitated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation a few months prior. After aggressive diuresis, the patient completed cardiac magnetic resonance imaging that raised concern for cardiac amyloidosis. Subsequent serum and urine protein electrophoresis with associated immunofixation were within normal limits. Finally, ATTR-CM was confirmed by technetium-99m pyrophosphate scintigraphy with plans to initiate tafamidis after genetic testing. Discussion  Patients >60 years of age with diastolic heart failure phenotypically similar to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or hypertensive heart disease should always be evaluated for ATTR-CM. Features that increase suspicion include discordance between left ventricular wall thickness and ECG voltage, and signs/symptoms of a primary peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. Useful non-invasive diagnostic testing has also made the diagnosis of ATTR-CM inexpensive and possible without the need for an endomyocardial biopsy. Unfortunately, this patient’s diagnosis of ATTR-CM came late in her disease course, which delayed the onset of definitive therapy.

scholarly journals Association of Cardiac Injury and Malignant Left Ventricular Hypertrophy With Risk of Heart Failure in African Americans

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambarish Pandey ◽  
Neil Keshvani ◽  
Colby Ayers ◽  
Adolfo Correa ◽  
Mark H. Drazner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Left Ventricular

Abstract MP31: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy by Electrocardiogram versus Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Predictor for Heart Failure: The MESA Study

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi O Oseni ◽  
Waqas T Qureshi ◽  
Mohammed F Almahmoud ◽  
Alain Bertoni ◽  
David A Bluemke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an established risk factor for heart failure (HF). However, it is unknown whether LVH detected by electrocardiogram (ECG-LVH) is equivalent to LVH ascertained by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-LVH) in terms of prediction of incident HF using risk prediction models like the Framingham Heart Failure Risk Score (FHFRS). Methods: This analysis included 4745 (mean age 61+10 years, 53.5% women, 61.7% non-whites) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who were free of cardiovascular disease at the time of enrollment. ECG-LVH was defined using Cornell’s criteria while MRI-LVH was derived from left ventricular (LV) mass measured by cardiac MRI. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to examine the association between ECG-LVH and MRI-LVH with incident HF. Harrell’s concordance C-index was used to estimate the predictive ability of the FHFRS when either ECG-LVH or MRI-LVH were included as one of its components. The added predictive ability of ECG-LVH and MRI-LVH were investigated using integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) index and relative IDI. Results: ECG-LVH was present in 291(6.1%) while MRI-LVH was present in 499 (10.5%) of the participants. Over a median follow up of 10.4 years, 140 participants developed HF. Both ECG-LVH [HR (95% CI): 2.25(1.38-3.69)] and MRI-LVH [HR (95% CI): 3.80(1.56-5.63)] were associated with an increased risk of HF in multivariable adjusted models (Table 1). The ability of FHFRS to predict HF was improved with MRI-LVH (C-index 0.871, 95% CI: 0.842-0.899) when compared with ECG-LVH (C-index 0.860, 95% CI: 0.833-0.888) (p < 0.0001). To assess the potential clinical utility of using LVH-MRI instead of ECG-LVH, we calculated several measures of reclassification (Table 1), which were consistent with the statistically significantly improved C-statistic with MRI-LVH. Conclusion: Both ECG-LVH and MRI-LVH are predictive of HF when used in the FHFRS. Substituting MRI-LVH for ECG-LVH improves the predictive ability of the FHFRS.

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