Background:
The reduction in the intake of dietary fat has traditionally been the cornerstone of dietary recommendations of many of the leading health organizations as a key measure to prevent cardio metabolic diseases. However, the dietary fat recommendations are sometimes contrasting. In addition, many consumers and food manufacturers are still confused about the effects of fatty acids on coronary heart disease after decades of focus on low fat diet
objectives:
To provide an overview of the recent available evidence on the effect of fatty acids on cardio metabolic risk and the various dietary recommendations related to reducing fat in diet. It also will also highlight the effect of the isocaloric substitution of fat by other macronutrients.
Methodology:
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Medline, Clinical trials.gov, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ADI, and WHO database were searched through to March, 2020.
Results:
Recent evidence demonstrates that higher dietary intakes of saturated fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease which is consistent with the previous scientific evidence. In addition, recent findings indicate that replacing total saturated fatty acids with polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono saturated fatty acids and high quality carbohydrates reduces cardiometabolic risk.
Conclusion:
Higher dietary intakes of saturated fatty acids are associated with an increased coronary heart disease risk. Recent scientific evidence highlights the importance of replacing total saturated fat with more healthy alternative including polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono saturated fatty acids and high quality carbohydrates which is consistent the latest recommendations of the updated guidelines.
Application effect of high-quality nursing on patients with coronary heart disease