Stature Estimation from Radiographic Measurements in Adult Anatolian Population

Stature is one of the main biological features which can be used to classify unidentified skeletal deceased. Also, precise population data is crucial for forensic anthropology frameworks. Nonetheless, the studies concerning this subject in Thailand are limited and regularly focus on long bones. This study attempts to establish stature estimation equations from clavicular dry bone and radiographic measurements. Both sides of the clavicular bones are separated from 25 female and 112 male deceased in an autopsy room situated in Bangkok, Thailand. Twelve variables of each side of the clavicle are measured. The study outcomes show that stature can be estimated by applying 3 variables in a stepwise regression analysis model in unidentified sex remains, with R2 = 0.49 and standard error of estimation (SEE) 5.238 cm. Moreover, the height of the sternal end of clavicle bones can be used to estimate stature in cases of fragmented clavicles recovered from crime scenes with R2 = 0.238 and SEE 6.353 cm. Maximum length shows the best correlation and model fit with stature (R = 0.562, R2 = 0.316 and SEE 6.020 cm) from radiographic measurements. Therefore, this study presents a complementary, beneficial method for forensic anthropologists to create biological profiles of unidentified skeletal remains in cases where the long bones are not obtainable. Moreover, stature estimation from radiographic measurements can be applied in cases of partial skeletonisation.

Download Full-text

Adult Stature Estimation from Radiographic Metatarsal Length in a Contemporary Korean Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph181910363 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 10363

Author(s):

Suyeon Park ◽

Young Yi ◽

Battur Tsengel ◽

Jahyung Kim ◽

Dong-Il Chun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Image ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Korean Population ◽

Stature Estimation ◽

X Ray ◽

Estimation Formula ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Specific Equation ◽

Actual Height ◽

Age Range

The ability to estimate stature can be important in the identification of skeletal remains. This study aims to develop a Korean-specific equation predicting stature using radiographic measurements in the contemporary Korean population. 200 healthy Korean adults, including 102 males and 98 females, were randomly selected (age, range 20–86 years). The first and second metatarsals of the foot were measured by a standing X-ray using a digital medical image viewer. The result showed a statistically significant correlation between metatarsal length and stature in Korean populations (male, R = 0.46, p < 0.001; female, R = 0.454, p < 0.001). Values of correlation coefficients (R) of the equations were 0.431 to 0.477. Compared to equations derived from other races, the Korean-specific equation showed significantly lower error values for estimating the actual height of Koreans through cross-validation. In conclusion, this study is the first to propose a Korean-specific regression formula for estimating stature using metatarsal length and a verified formula for precise application to the Korean population. However, given the relatively low correlation coefficient, the stature estimation formula derived from this study can be utilized when other bones that allow more accurate stature estimation are not available.

Download Full-text

Three-Dimensional Versus Radiographic Measurements for Analyzing Extra-Articular Distal Radius Malunion

The Journal Of Hand Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jhsa.2020.03.009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 984.e1-984.e7

Author(s):

Lionel Athlani ◽

Audrey Chenel ◽

Philippe Berton ◽

Romain Detammaecker ◽

Gilles Dautel

Keyword(s):

Distal Radius ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Distal Radius Malunion ◽

Radius Malunion

Download Full-text

Index radiographic measurements in the prediction of progression in infantile idiopathic scoliosis: a comparative analysis and description of a novel predictive model

European Spine Journal ◽

10.1007/s00586-021-06795-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adam P. Lloyd ◽

Morgan E. B. Jones ◽

Adrian Gardner ◽

Matthew P. Newton Ede

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽

Predictive Model ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis

Download Full-text

Frailty as a risk factor for postoperative complications in adult patients with degenerative scoliosis administered posterior single approach, long-segment corrective surgery: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04186-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bin Li ◽

Xianglong Meng ◽

Xinuo Zhang ◽

Yong Hai

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Posterior Approach ◽

Frailty Index ◽

Cardiac Complications ◽

Corrective Surgery ◽

Degenerative Scoliosis ◽

Acute Renal Dysfunction ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Single Approach

Abstract Background With the population aging worldwide, adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) is receiving increased attention. Frailty, instead of chronological age, is used for assessing the patient’s overall physical condition. In ADS patients undergoing a posterior approach, long-segment corrective surgery, the association of frailty with the postsurgical outcomes remains undefined. Methods ADS patients who underwent a posterior approach, long-segment fusion at the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University (CMU), Beijing, China, in 2014–2017 were divided into the frailty and non-frailty groups according to the modified frailty index. Major postoperative complications were recorded, including cardiac complications, pneumonia, acute renal dysfunction, delirium, stroke, neurological deficit, deep wound infection, gastrointestinal adverse events, and deep vein thrombosis. Radiographic measurements and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters were recorded preoperatively and at 2 postoperative years. Results A total of 161 patients were included: 47 (29.2%) and 114 (70.8%) in the frailty and non-frailty groups, respectively. Major postoperative complications were more frequent in the frailty group than the non-frailty group (29.8% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.002). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that frailty was independently associated with major complications (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–6.89, P = 0.028). Radiographic and HRQOL parameters were improved at 2 years but with no significant between-group differences. Conclusions Frailty is a risk factor for postoperative complications in ADS after posterior single approach, long-segment corrective surgery. Frailty screening should be applied preoperatively in all patients to optimize the surgical conditions in ADS.

Download Full-text

Vancouver B and C periprosthetic fractures around the cemented Exeter Stem: sex is associate with fracture pattern

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery ◽

10.1007/s00402-021-04113-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. F. R. Powell-Bowns ◽

E. Oag ◽

D. Martin ◽

N. D. Clement ◽

C. E. H. Scott

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Interobserver Reliability ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Cement Mantle ◽

Mantle Length ◽

Periprosthetic Fractures ◽

Stem Design ◽

Female Sex ◽

Radiographic Measurements

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the level of periprosthetic fracture involving a cemented polished tapered stem: Vancouver B or Vancouver C. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 181 unilateral periprosthetic fractures involving Exeter stems was assessed by three observers (mean age 78.5, range 39–103; mean BMI 27.1, 17–39; 97 (54%) male). Patient demographics, deprivation scores, BMI and time since primary prosthesis were recorded. Femoral diameter, femoral cortical thickness, Dorr classification and distal cement mantle length were measured from calibrated radiographs. Interobserver reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify associations with Vancouver B or C fractures. Results 160/181 (88%) Vancouver B and 21/181 (12%) Vancouver C-level fractures occurred at a mean of 5.9 ± 5.4 years (0.2–26.5) following primary surgery. Radiographic measurements demonstrated excellent agreement (ICC > 0.8, p < 0.001). Mortality was significantly higher following Vancouver C compared to B fractures: 90 day 14/160 Vs 5/21 (p = 0.05); 1 year 29/160 Vs 8/21 (p = 0.03). Univariate analysis demonstrated that Vancouver C fractures were associated with female sex, bisphosphonate use, cortical bone thickness, and distal cement mantle length (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, only female sex was an independent predictor of Vancouver C-level fractures (R2 =0.354, p = 0.005). Conclusion Most PFFs involving the Exeter stem design are Vancouver B-type fractures and appear to be independent of osteoporosis. In contrast, Vancouver C periprosthetic fractures display typical fragility fracture characteristics and are associated with female sex, thinner femoral cortices, longer distal cement mantles and high mortality.

Download Full-text

Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease, Not Fusion, May Be a Risk Factor for Instability after Total Hip Arthroplasty

The Journal of Hip Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1719114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (04) ◽

pp. 193-200

Author(s):

Daniel K. Witmer ◽

Evan R. Deckard ◽

R. Michael Meneghini

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Spine Fusion ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Total Hip ◽

Female Sex ◽

Lumbar Spine Fusion ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Acetabular Protrusio

AbstractDislocation rates after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with fixed spinopelvic motion have been reported as high as 20%. Few studies exist specifically for lumbar spine degenerative joint disease (DJD) and its relationship to THA instability. There were two study objectives: (1) report the incidence of lumbar spine DJD and previous lumbar spine fusion and (2) evaluate the relationship of these two conditions and other potential risk factors to postoperative dislocation after THA. We retrospectively reviewed 818 consecutive THAs performed by a single surgeon utilizing a posterior approach. Comprehensive medical chart and radiographic review was performed to identify patients with lumbar spine DJD and lumbar spine fusion. Radiographic measurements, patient factors, surgical factors, and incidences of dislocation also were recorded. Eight hundred and twelve THAs were analyzed. There were 10 dislocations (1.2%, 10/812). Lumbar spine DJD and previous lumbar spine fusion occurred in 33.4% (271/812) and 5.9% (48/812) of patients, respectively. Lumbar spine DJD, acetabular protrusio, and female sex were significant predictors of dislocation using a Firth penalized maximum likelihood estimation specifically for rare events (area under receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.86, 0.96). Interestingly, only 2 of 10 dislocations had a previous lumbar spine fusion. Lumbar spine DJD, acetabular protrusio, and female sex were significant predictors of dislocation, while lumbar spine fusion was largely unrelated. This study used data available to most practicing surgeons and provides useful information for counseling patients preoperatively.

Download Full-text