scholarly journals You can’t judge a book by its cover or a tumor by its expression profile

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Steven M. Sorscher ◽  
Theodore Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Remarkable Case ◽  
Rate Of Progression ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Expression profiling has shown great promise in matching cancers of unknown primary to likely primary tumors of origin based on patterns of mRNA expression. However, it remains uncertain as to whether even well matched tumors will demonstrate the clinical features, such as rate of progression, of their matched counterparts. In this case report, we note that based on histology, immunohistochemistry and expression profile this patient’s poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor would have been expected to grow very rapidly on no therapy. Instead, this cancer was very indolent, with only very little radiographic progression over several years. We believe this report represents a remarkable case of a tumor where features, including expression profile, would not at all have accurately predicted the clinical course seen. While some series have suggested that matching by expression profiling predicts outcome, this case shows a dramatically different result.

scholarly journals Metastases of unknown origin: Principles of diagnosis and treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Petrovic ◽  
Ljubomir Muzikravic ◽  
Darjana Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Cancer Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Unknown Primary Tumors

DEFINITION Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) origin refers to patients who present with histologically confirmed metastatic cancer in whom a detailed medical history, complete physical examination, including pelvic and rectal examination, full blood count and biochemistry, urinalysis and stool occult blood testing, histopathological review of biopsy speimens with the use of immunohistochemistry, chest radiography, computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, and in certain cases mammography, fail to identify the primary site. EPIDEMIOLOGY of CUP The cancer of unknown primary accounts for 3%-5% of all human cancers. DIAGNOSIS of CUP The standard diagnostic procedure for the majority of patients includes histopathologic review of biopsy specimens with the use of immunohistochemistry, full blood count, routine biochemistry, fecal occult blood testing, urine testing, chest radiography, and computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis. The four common histologic diagnoses are: adenocarcinoma (70%), poorly differentiated carcinoma (20%), squamous carcinoma (10%), and poorly differentiated neoplasms (5%). PROGNOSIS of CUP The prognosis for most patients with unknown primary tumors is poor, with survival often less than 6 months from diagnosis. THERAPY of CUP Based on clinical and pathologic features, approximately 40% of patients can be categorized within subsets for which specific treatment has been defined. Empiric therapy is an option for the remaining 60% of patients. CONCLUSION Metastatic tumors of unknown origin have a unique clinical presentation due to a specific biology. Insight into the molecular biology of unknown primary tumors will be essential for the development of more effective treatments.

scholarly journals The Usefulness of PET/CT In Detecting and Managing Cancers With Unknown Primary Site Depends on Histological Subtype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Nissan ◽  
Uri Amit ◽  
Leo Baron ◽  
Amit Zabatani ◽  
Damian Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Site ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Unknown Primary Site ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction: We assessed the role of PET/CT in identifying and managing cancer of unknown primary site (CUP). Methods: We reviewed 64 patients' PET/CT scans with CUP performed during 2012–2019. Results: The median age was 65 years. Of 138-FDG-avid lesions, the mean SUVmax was10.6±6.0. Primary tumors (PT) were detected in 28(44%) patients. Detection was positive in only one(10%) patient with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology, compared to 4/14(29%) with poorly differentiated carcinoma, 4/9(44%) with adenocarcinoma, 18/30(60%) of those for whom the origin could be presumed (p= 0.034 for SCC compared to other histologies). The mean age, mean SUVmax, and the distribution of organ involvement were similar between patients with and without discovered PTs, and also between patients with SCC and with the other histologies combined. However, those with SCC were less likely than the others to present with multi-lesion involvement, p<0.001. PET/CT interpretations apparently affected treatment of 8/28(29%) patients with PT detected and in none of the 35 whose PT was not discovered, p<0.001. Conclusion: PET/CT detected PT in almost half of CUP. However, it did not appear beneficial in those with SCC histology. PET/CT showed limited overall value in guiding clinical management but benefited a subgroup with discovered PT.

Cervical Lymph Nodes and Unknown Primary Tumors of the Head and Neck

2016 ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snehal G. Patel ◽  
William M. Lydiatt ◽  
John A. Ridge ◽  
Christine M. Glastonbury ◽  
Suresh K. Mukherji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Unknown Primary Tumors

scholarly journals Circulating tumor cell characterization of lung cancer brain metastasis in the cerebrospinal fluid through single-cell transcriptome analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyu Ruan ◽  
Yihang Zhou ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Yue Zhai ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene

AbstractMetastatic lung cancer accounts for about half of the brain metastases (BM). Development of leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are becoming increasingly common, and its prognosis is still poor despite the advances in systemic and local approaches. Cytology analysis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains the diagnostic gold standard. Although several previous studies performed in CSF have offered great promise for the diagnostics and therapeutics of LM, a comprehensive characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in CSF is still lacking. To fill this critical gap of lung adenocarcinoma LM (LUAD-LM), we analyzed the transcriptomes of 1,375 cells from 5 LUAD-LM patient and 3 control samples using single-cell RNA sequencing technology. We defined CSF-CTCs based on abundant expression of epithelial markers and genes with lung origin, as well as the enrichment of metabolic pathway and cell adhesion molecules, which are crucial for the survival and metastases of tumor cells. Elevated expression of CEACAM6 and SCGB3A2 was discovered in CSF-CTCs, which could serve as candidate biomarkers of LUAD-LM. We identified substantial heterogeneity in CSF-CTCs among LUAD-LM patients and within patient among individual cells. Cell-cycle gene expression profiles and the proportion of CTCs displaying mesenchymal and cancer stem cell properties also vary among patients. In addition, CSF-CTC transcriptome profiling identified one LM case as cancer of unknown primary site (CUP). Our results will shed light on the mechanism of LUAD-LM and provide a new direction of diagnostic test of LUAD-LM and CUP cases from CSF samples.

Cancer of unknown primary site

2016 ◽  
pp. 965-974
Author(s):  
Nicholas Pavlidis ◽  
George Pentheroudakis
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Cancer Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Unknown Primary Site ◽  
Clinical Intuition ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Genome Wide Expression ◽  
Tumour Origin

This chapter covers cancer of unknown primary site (CUP), and includes information on epidemiology, molecular biology, pathology, and multidisciplinary management of clinicopathological subsets. Previously, these tumours were diagnosed and treated based on clinical presentation, light microscopy and clinical intuition. Today, the majority of cancers of unknown primary site are becoming less unknown, more accurately classified, and appropriately treated by the use of multiplex or genome-wide expression profiling platforms. These techniques allow for precise and correct knowledge of the true tumour origin, leading to more rational and effective treatment. However, there also may be genetic signatures that are primary-independent, pro-metastatic, and possibly CUP-specific.

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling and its use in adenocarcinomas of unknown primary origin: A case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2657-2661
Author(s):  
ANA CEBOLLERO DE MIGUEL ◽  
ROBERTO PAZO CID ◽  
JAVIER MARTINEZ TRUFERO ◽  
ISABEL PAJARES BERNAD ◽  
LOURDES CALERA URQUIZU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Primary Origin ◽  
Unknown Primary Origin

Unknown Primary Tumors

PET-CT ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Shahram Bouyadlou ◽  
Peter S. Conti
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Unknown Primary Tumors
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