scholarly journals A representative sampling of tuna muscle for mercury control

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Piras ◽  
Antonino Bella ◽  
Maurizio Cossu ◽  
Gianuario Fiori ◽  
Andrea Sanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Muscle ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Muscle Proteins ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Static Trap ◽  
Mercury Control

The mechanisms of mercury accumulation and distribution in fish tissues are related to its high affinity for sulfhydryl groups in proteins. There is evidence that mercury is distributed unevenly based on the different reactivity of these groups in the various muscle proteins. Tuna fish also shows numerous specialized anatomical features including the structure of the swimming muscles and some form of endothermy, which generates variations in the mercury content between dark and white muscle and between muscle tissues with different lipid content. The aim of the study is to verify, through a suitable sub lot of Thunnus thynnus caught by a static trap in south-western Sardinia, the effective uneven distribution of mercury in the various muscles and also identify the sites representative of the entire carcass. In agreement with other authors, the results show that even in the Bluefin tuna of the Mediterranean, the site “anterior extremity of upper loin (schienale in Italian)” is representative of the mercury average content of muscle tissues as a whole.

GLC Determination of Quinaldine Residue in Fish

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
John L Allen ◽  
Joe B Sills
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Muscle Tissues

Abstract A procedure for the determination of quinaldine residue in various fish tissues is described. Homogenized tissues are extracted with hexane-ethyl ether, the extracts are concentrated by partitioning through 0.1N sulfuric acid, and the residues are measured by alkali flame ionization gas chromatography. Muscle tissues containing from 0.01 to 10.0 ppm quinaldine were successfully analyzed with recoveries from 75 to 100%.

Oxidation of Lactate to Carbon Dioxide by Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Tissues

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1467-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bilinski ◽  
R. E. E. Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Oxidative Decarboxylation ◽  
Complete Oxidation ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Level Of Activity

A comparative study on the ability of various fish tissues to carry out different stages of lactate oxidation was conducted with rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Rate of oxidation of Na-L-lactate-1-14C (5 mM) and Na-L-lactate-3-14C (5 mM) by tissue slices from white muscle, red lateral line muscle, heart, liver, kidney, and gills was determined at 15 C by measuring the formation of 14CO2. In all tissues the liberation of 14CO2 was considerably higher with lactate-1-14C than with lactate-3-14C. Liver was the most active tissue for oxidation of lactate-1-14C (2805 mμmoles/g wet tissue/hr at 15 C) and gills for oxidation of lactate-3-14C (556 mμmoles/g wet tissue/hr at 15 C). With both substrates activity in the white muscle was very limited, whereas other tissues had an intermediate level of activity. The results suggest that, in trout, the catabolism of lactate may take place through oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and that liver plays an important role in such a process. It appears also that complete oxidation of lactate may be of significance in supplying energy for the exchange reactions in gills.

Analysis of Mercury Content in Canned Tuna Fish Commercially Available in the Philippines

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duaa Maqbool ◽  
◽  
Meryl P. George ◽  
Sheryl P. George ◽  
Ann Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Content ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Canned Tuna

Effects of species, sex, length and locality on the mercury content of school shark Galeorhinus australis (Macleay) and gummy shark Mustelus antarcticus Guenther from south-eastern Australian waters

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
TI Walker
Keyword(s):  
Total Mercury ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mean

The mercury levels detected in the muscle tissues of sharks ranged from 0.01 to 2.7 pprn wet weight for school shark Galeorhinus australis (Macleay) and from 0.07 to 3.0 ppm for gummy shark Mustelus antarcticus Guenther. Estimates of the mean mercury levels for the 1971 Victorian landed commercial shark catch were found to be 0.90 ppm for the school shark and 0.37 ppm for the gummy shark. The analyses for total mercury determinations were carried out by five independent laboratories. Preliminary analyses carried out by one indicatcd that most of the mercury in school sharks and about two-thirds of the mercury in gummy sharks was present as methylmercury. The mercury concentrations varied exponentially with shark length. School sharks had statistically significantly higher mercury levels than gummy sharks of the same length and for both the medium- sized and large individuals of each species males had significantly higher levels than females. Levels in male gummy sharks were found to be affected by locality.

α-Tocopherol in Some Atlantic Fish and Shellfish with Particular Reference to Live-Holding Without Food

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
M. G. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Organic Detritus ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Muscle tissue from four species of Atlantic fish (cod, dogfish, mackerel, and flounder) and one species of Pacific fish (sablefish) was examined for total lipid and α-tocopherol content. The values for α-tocopherol in both lean and fat major muscle tissues fell in the range 210–330 μg/g lipid. Lipids from cod and mackerel livers showed slightly higher values (430 μg/g lipid). These results are interpreted as the result of a lipid integration process in which the tocopherols produced by phytoplankton are redistributed with lipid through various lower life forms and small fish until similar levels are reached in the principal fats of larger fish. The metabolically active dark (lateral line) muscle of cod was twice as rich (630 μg/g) in α-tocopherol in proportion to lipid as white muscle tissue from cod. Lobster muscle was exceptionally rich (> 1200 μg/g) in α-tocopherol. Examination of starved cod indicated that large amounts of α-tocopherol remained after lipid depletion. Frozen flounder fillets showed no significant amount of α-tocopherol after 4 to 8 months frozen storage.Eight species of Atlantic shellfish were examined in toto. Oysters and quahogs lost their α-tocopherol after several weeks of live-holding without food. In the oysters this was accompanied by muscle weakening and an objectionable odour. Most filter feeding species in the normal environment had 1–2.5% lipid and α-tocopherol values of 300–600 μg/g lipid, but a high proportion of organic detritus in the diet of mussels from one area reduced this level. The quahogs examined were extremely low (~0.60%) in lipid and therefore relatively high in α-tocopherol in proportion to lipid (> 1000 μg/g). Herbivorous periwinkles and accompanying predatory dogwinkles had the highest α-tocopherol contents on a fresh weight basis (35 and 21 μg/g tissue) and high values in proportion to lipid (~850 μg/g).

scholarly journals Assessment of Some Heavy Metal Content of Dried Crayfish Sold in Creek Road Market, Borokiri, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
H. A. Waribo ◽  
E. S. Bartimaeus ◽  
I. C. Onuoha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State

Heavy metals are elements that contaminate seafood and make them harmful to human health when present in quantities that are higher than the permissible limit. This study was conducted to determine some heavy metals such as lead and mercury contained in dried crayfish gotten from three different locations (Oron, Ataba and Nembe town in Akwa Ibom, Rivers and Bayelsa State respectively) and sold in the Creek Road Market, Borokiri, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The dried crayfish samples were purchased randomly from marketers in the market. 5g of the dried crayfish samples with its different organs (Gills, muscle tissues) were ground into powdered form and digested with HNO3  using standard procedures   and analysed for lead and mercury using the micro plasma atomic emission spectrophotometric analyser. The results showed that Lead content in the dried crayfish from Oron, Ataba and Nembe were 0.140 ± 0.014 mg/kg, 0.040 ± 0.014 mg/kg and 0.016 ± 0.002 mg/kg respectively while for Mercury content, Oron crayfish contained 5.136 ± 0.017 mg/kg, Ataba 3.744 ± 0.017 mg/kg and Nembe 3.948 ± 0.023mg/kg. The mean values in the three different crayfish samples were significantly different (p<0.05). This result shows that the lead content present in the dried crayfish are within the permissible limit of 1 mg/kg as indicated by FAO hence safe for consumption purposes with no expected form of toxicity and health implication to consumers whereas for mercury content, the level was found to be above the permissible limit.

scholarly journals Quantifying mercury isotope dynamics in captive Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis)

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Yun Kwon ◽  
Joel D. Blum ◽  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Barbara A. Block ◽  
Brian N. Popp
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Bluefin Tuna ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Pacific Bluefin Tuna ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Thunnus Orientalis ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
In Captivity

Abstract Analyses of mercury (Hg) isotope ratios in fish tissues are used increasingly to infer sources and biogeochemical processes of Hg in natural aquatic ecosystems. Controlled experiments that can couple internal Hg isotope behavior with traditional isotope tracers (δ13C, δ15N) can improve the applicability of Hg isotopes as natural ecological tracers. In this study, we investigated changes in Hg isotope ratios (δ202Hg, Δ199Hg) during bioaccumulation of natural diets in the pelagic Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis; PBFT). Juvenile PBFT were fed a mixture of natural prey and a dietary supplement (60% Loligo opalescens, 31% Sardinops sagax, 9% gel supplement) in captivity for 2914 days, and white muscle tissues were analyzed for Hg isotope ratios and compared to time in captivity and internal turnover of δ13C and δ15N. PBFT muscle tissues equilibrated to Hg isotope ratios of the dietary mixture within ∼700 days, after which we observed a cessation in further shifts in Δ199Hg, and small but significant negative δ202Hg shifts from the dietary mixture. The internal behavior of Δ199Hg is consistent with previous fish studies, which showed an absence of Δ199Hg fractionation during Hg bioaccumulation. The negative δ202Hg shifts can be attributed to either preferential excretion of Hg with higher δ202Hg values or individual variability in captive PBFT feeding preferences and/or consumption rates. The overall internal behavior of Hg isotopes is similar to that described for δ13C and δ15N, though observed Hg turnover was slower compared to carbon and nitrogen. This improved understanding of internal dynamics of Hg isotopes in relation to δ13C and δ15N enhances the applicability of Hg isotope ratios in fish tissues for tracing Hg sources in natural ecosystems.

scholarly journals Do the total mercury concentrations detected in fish from Czech ponds represent a risk for consumers?

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehonova Pavla ◽  
Harustiakova Danka ◽  
Mikula Premysl ◽  
Medkova Denisa ◽  
Malacova Kristyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mercury In Fish ◽  
Commission Regulation

AbstractMercury is one of the important pollutants of the environment. Therefore, it’s necessary to monitor quantity of mercury especially in aquatic ecosystems. The main goal of the presented study was to compare the content of total mercury in tissues of fish coming from the Czech Republic, an important carp exporter, with focus on comparison of mercury content between 3 different ponds, its comparison between different fish species and between different tissues of the same species, and estimation whether the mercury content in tissues meets the limit given in the Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1881/2006 or not. Total mercury concentration was measured in 90 fish specimen sampled from three ponds (Velky Kocelovicky, Mysliv and Zehunsky) in autumn 2018. The values of total mercury in fish tissues was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of total mercury in the tissues decreased as follows: muscle > liver > gonads > scales. The highest average content of total mercury in muscle was 0.1517 ± 0.0176 mg/kg coming from pike caught in Velky Kocelovicky pond. In contrast, the lowest average content of total mercury in muscle 0.0036 ± 0.0003 mg/kg was found in carp tissue coming from the locality of Zehunsky pond. We confirmed that the predatory fish are more exposed to mercury than non-predatory fish. None of the monitored localities exceeded the set regulatory limit. Thus, our study shows that fish coming from these ponds are safe in terms of total mercury content.

Distribution of heavy metals in different tissues of Indian mackerelfrom Karachi fish harbour, Karachi, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quratulan Ahmed ◽  
Semra Benzer ◽  
Farzana Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health It ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Indian Mackerel ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Different Tissues

In this study, Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) concentrations were determined in muscle, liver, kidney, gills and gonads of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) collected from Karachi fish Harbour, Karachi coast, Pakistan, during August 2006 and December 2011. Generally, the fish showed the highest level of Ni (2.26+0.89 µg g-1), Pb (1.45+0.40 µg g-1), Cd (2.07+0.75 µg g-1) and Cr (1.52+0.69 µg g-1) in the liver. The studied metals were the most abundant in the liver than the other organs of the fish. The amount of metal accumulation in fish tissues was evaluated in terms of human health. It was seen that bioaccumulations in muscle tissues of the fish caught from Karachi coast of Pakistan did not exceed the limit values.

Rapid Digestion and Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy of Mercury in Fish: Collaborative Study

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K Munns ◽  
David C Holland
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Fish Tissue ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Mercury In Fish ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract A collaborative study of the determination of mercury in fish has been completed in which wet oxidation of fish tissue in nitric acid, using vanadium as a catalyst, is compared with the AOAC official final action digestion technique, 25.103–25.105, involving a nitric-perchloric acid mixture. The study used tuna fish samples of known mercury content and included spike recovery studies in which methyl mercury solutions of known composition were provided to each laboratory. The study was designed to provide recovery information that bracketed the regulatory level of mercury in fish. The results indicate that the proposed digestion method is at least as precise and accurate as the AOAC method. The proposed method is also more rapid and less hazardous. It has been adopted as official first action.

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