scholarly journals SEROLOGICAL CHANGES AGAINST HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY FOR ACUTE LEUKEMIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e2019052
Author(s):  
Seung Beom Han ◽  
Hye Jo Shin ◽  
Eui Soo Lee ◽  
Jae Wook Lee ◽  
Nack-Gyun Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Surface Antibody

Background: Vaccination for hepatitis B virus (HBV) after chemotherapy among pediatric patients with acute leukemia is still a debated issue. We investigated HBV immunity before and after chemotherapy and assessed immune response to re-vaccination after chemotherapy.  Methods:  We retrospectively analyzed data of children and adolescents aged <19 years requested for vaccination after chemotherapy for acute leukemia to evaluate hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) status before and after chemotherapy and to identify factors related to HBsAb positivity after chemotherapy. Results:  Of 89 enrolled patients, 61 (68.5%) with acute leukemia were HBsAb positive before chemotherapy. Of these 61 patients, 48 (78.7%) seroconverted to HBsAb negative status after chemotherapy; there were 76 (85.4%) HBsAb negative patients after chemotherapy. HBsAb positive patients when compared to HBsAb negative patients after chemotherapy had a significantly higher HBsAb positive rate (100.0% vs. 63.2%, p=0.008) before chemotherapy. Following HBsAb testing after one dose of the HBV vaccination, 33 (43.4%) of the 76 HBsAb negative patients seroconverted to a HBsAb positive status. HBsAb positive patients after a single dose of HBV vaccination had a significantly higher HBsAb positive rate at the time of diagnosis compared to HBsAb negative patients (84.8% vs. 48.8%, p=0.001). Conclusions:  Based on these results, HBV re-vaccination after chemotherapy is recommended for all children and adolescents with acute leukemia. In addition, further investigation is required to improve the immunogenicity of HBV re-vaccination.   Keywords: Acute Leukemia; Chemotherapy; Hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis B virus; Child.

scholarly journals Comparison of High-Throughput Fully Automated Immunoanalyzers for Detecting Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-619
Author(s):  
Dongju Won ◽  
Younhee Park ◽  
Dasom Choi ◽  
Hyon-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Hepatitis B Viral Infection ◽  
Surface Antibody

Context.— High-throughput automated immunoanalyzers for hepatitis B virus serologic markers have been introduced but have not been compared to existing systems. Objective.— To compare hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, and total hepatitis B core antibody analyses between our Architect i2000 platform and newer high-throughput fully automated immunoanalyzers. Design.— From May to June 2018, a total of 932, 914, and 1055 samples tested for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, and total hepatitis B core antibody, respectively, with the Architect i2000 system for routine testing in our center were tested again with Alinity i, Atellica IM, and Cobas e801 systems. Results.— Total concordance rates among the systems were 98.0%, 89.5%, and 93.0% for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, and total hepatitis B core antibody, respectively. Cohen's κ values exceeded 0.8. The correlations between serum hepatitis B surface antibody levels quantified by all 4 systems were high (r &gt; 0.85). The hepatitis B surface antibody averages were greater for the Alinity i, Atellica IM, and Cobas e801 than for the Architect i2000 (P &lt; .001). Conclusions.— Alinity i, Atellica IM, and Cobas e801 automated immunoanalyzers performed well when compared with the existing Architect i2000 system with regard to detection of hepatitis B viral infection. However, the new systems have higher titer and positivity rates for hepatitis B surface antibody and are more sensitive. Notably, the Atellica IM has a lower positive rate for total hepatitis B core antibody than does the Architect i2000.

Entecavir Plus Pegylated Interferon and Sequential Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Increases Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance: A Randomized Controlled Proof-of-Concept Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hoon Lee ◽  
Yun Bin Lee ◽  
Eun Ju Cho ◽  
Su Jong Yu ◽  
Jung-Hwan Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Hbsag Seroclearance ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance is considered a functional cure for patients with chronic hepatitis B, but is rarely achievable with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues alone. We conducted a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial to evaluate the impact of adding pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) alfa-2a plus sequential or concomitant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. Methods A total of 111 patients who achieved serum HBV DNA &lt;20 IU/mL and quantitative HBsAg &lt;3000 IU/mL with entecavir were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the E + sVIP group (entecavir + peg-IFN alfa-2a [180 µg every week over 48 weeks] plus sequential HBV vaccination [20 µg of HBsAg on weeks 52, 56, 60, and 76]), the E + cVIP group (entecavir + peg-IFN alfa-2a + concomitant HBV vaccination [weeks 4, 8, 12, and 28]), or the control group (entecavir only). The primary endpoint was HBsAg seroclearance at week 100, and secondary endpoints included safety. Results No differences in baseline quantitative HBsAg were observed among the groups. The E + sVIP group in the intention-to-treat analysis showed a significantly higher chance of HBsAg seroclearance during week 100 than the control group (16.2% vs 0%; P = .025), but the E + cVIP group (5.4%) failed to reach a significant difference (P = .54). Adverse events were significantly more frequent in the E + sVIP (81.1%) and E + cVIP group (70.3%) than the control group (2.7%) (both P &lt; .0001). However, the frequency of serious adverse events did not differ significantly among the 3 groups (2.7%, 5.4%, and 2.7%, respectively; P = 1.00). Conclusions Entecavir plus an additional peg-IFN alfa-2a treatment followed by sequential HBV vaccination under an intensified schedule significantly increases the chance of HBsAg seroclearance compared to entecavir alone. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02097004.

Prevalence of Markers for Hepatitis B Virus and Vaccination Compliance Among Medical School Students in Italy

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1189-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Trevisan ◽  
Alberto Bruno ◽  
Michele Mongillo ◽  
Marta Morandin ◽  
Anna Pantaleoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Low Rate

The prevalence of markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the rate of compliance with HBV vaccination laws were investigated in a study at Padua University Medical School (Italy). Of 2,361 students, 385 (16.3%) tested negative for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. When vaccination was actively offered to these students, there was a low rate of compliance (47.0% [181 students]) but a good rate of seroconversion (93.1% [95 of 102 students]). Screening for HBV markers appears to be crucial to efforts to increase rates of vaccination coverage.

scholarly journals Serum immunoconglutinin titers during acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 842-845
Author(s):  
G M Makhdoomi ◽  
M L Tiku ◽  
K R Beutner ◽  
P L Ogra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute And Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Surface Antibody

Sera from 99 chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, 12 individuals with acute type B hepatitis, 26 hepatitis B surface antibody-seropositive subjects, and 50 hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody-seronegative subjects were evaluated for the presence of serum imunoconglutinis (IKs). The mean serum IK titers of hepatitis B surface antibody-seropositive and hepatitis B virus-seronegative subjects wre 5.3 and 4.9, respectively. The IK titers of subjects with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infections were 215.4 and 19.1, respectively. These groups also manifested IK titers greater than or equal to > 16 significantly (P < 0.005) more often than controls did. Among chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, high IK titers were associated with low levels of hepatitis B surface antigen. IK titers of individuals chronically infected with hepatitis B virus and having the rheumatoid factor were similar to those of individuals without the rheumatoid factor. Elevated IK titers represent a physiological autoimmune response and may indicate the presence of immune complexes in acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Ten-Year Persistence of Antibody to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Healthcare Workers Vaccinated Against Hepatitis B Virus, and Response to Booster Vaccination

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Durlach ◽  
Stella Laugas ◽  
Cristina B. Freuler ◽  
Viviana E. Rodríguez ◽  
Marta Costa
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Antibody Levels

AbstractThis study estimated the number of HCWs with protective antibody levels 5 and 10 years after HBV vaccination. Kaplan-Meier probabilities of protective levels were 0.95 at 60 days after vaccination, 0.87 at 5 years, and 0.79 at 10 years. Those without protective levels displayed good response 7 and 30 days after a booster

Efficacy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in treating lamivudine-resistant HBV reactivation following hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion

2007 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 070704023438001-???
Author(s):  
René Gérolami ◽  
Patrick Borentain ◽  
Philippe Colson ◽  
Emmanuelle Norguet ◽  
André Gérolami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Durability of Antibody Response Against the Hepatitis B Virus in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Proposed Immunization Guideline From a 3-Year Follow-up Clinical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwat Chancharoenthana ◽  
Asada Leelahavanichkul ◽  
Suwasin Udomkarnjananun ◽  
Salin Wattanatorn ◽  
Yingyos Avihingsanon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background Despite the importance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunization in kidney transplantation (KT), data are lacking on fluctuations in hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBsAb) levels and optimal levels for KT recipients. Methods The study consisted of anti-HBsAb-positive recipients aged 18–70 years at the time of the KT. Recipients with anti-HBsAb &lt;100 IU/L received a single booster HBV vaccination, and anti-HBsAb was measured at baseline and 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-KT. Anti-HBsAb, quantitative HBV deoxyribonucleic acid testing (12 and 24 months post-KT), and hepatitis B core-related antigen (24 months post-KT) were evaluated in recipients with anti-HBsAb &gt;100 IU/L who received a hepatitis B surface antigen positive renal allograft. Results Seventy-six of 257 (29.6%) KT recipients with anti-HBsAb &lt;100 IU/L at the time of enrollment received a single booster of HBV vaccination. Anti-HBsAb levels increased (≥100 IU/L) 1 and 3 months post-booster dose in 86% and 93% of cases, respectively. Anti-HBsAb levels were ≥100 IU/L in 95% of these recipients 6 months post-booster dose. Among 181 (70%) recipients with anti-HBsAb ≥100 IU/L without a booster dose, anti-HBsAb gradually decreased after the KT from 588 IU/L at baseline to 440 and 382 IU/L 3 and 6 months post-KT, respectively (P &lt; .01). Conclusions To ensure optimal immunity against HBV, KT recipients should first be stratified according to their risk of HBV reactivation. Kidney transplantation recipients of renal allografts from HBV nonviremic or viremic donors should be reimmunized when their anti-HBsAb titers are &lt;250 IU/L. A cutoff level of 100 IU/L is recommended in other cases.

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