scholarly journals Evidence for Reliability and Validity of Functional Performance Testing in the Evaluation of Nonarthritic Hip Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. McGovern ◽  
John J. Christoforetti ◽  
RobRoy L. Martin ◽  
Amy L. Phelps ◽  
Benjamin R. Kivlan
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional

Context The single-legged–squat test (SLST) and step-down test (SDT) are 2 functional performance tests commonly used to evaluate active people with nonarthritic hip pain and dysfunction. However, evidence to support the use of the SLST and SDT in this population is lacking. Objective To offer evidence of reliability and validity for the SLST and SDT in evaluating patients with nonarthritic hip pain. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Orthopaedic surgeon's clinical office. Patients or Other Participants Forty-five patients (27 female and 18 male participants; age = 28.5 ± 10 years, height = 171.6 ± 10.1 cm, weight = 73.9 ± 15.2 kg, and body mass index = 25 ± 4.1) diagnosed with nonarthritic hip pain. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants performed the SLST and SDT. Interrater reliability and validity of passive internal rotation of the hip, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and hip outcome scores (HOSs) for limitations in activities of daily living and sport-related activities (SRAs) were collected. Results Interrater reliability was moderate to excellent for both the SLST (0.603–0.939) and SDT (0.745–0.943). Participants who passed or failed the SLST and SDT differed on the following measures: VAS for the SLST (F1,43 = 16.21, P < .001); VAS for the SDT (F1,43 = 13.41, P = .001); HOS-activities of daily living for the SLST (F1,40 = 5.15, P = .029); HOS-SRAs for the SLST (F1,40 = 7.48, P = .009); and HOS-SRAs for the SDT (F1,40 = 6.42, P = .015). Conclusions Our study offers evidence for the use of the SLST and SDT as reliable and valid functional performance tests in the evaluation of physical function for patients with nonarthritic hip pain.

scholarly journals Association of Varus Thrust With Pain and Stiffness and Activities of Daily Living in Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Fukutani ◽  
Hirotaka Iijima ◽  
Takahiko Fukumoto ◽  
Daisuke Uritani ◽  
Eishi Kaneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Varus Alignment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medial Knee ◽  
Knee Oa

Background Increasing evidence highlights potential associations between varus thrust and health domains associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between varus thrust and 2 subcategories—“pain and stiffness” and “activities of daily living (ADL)”—of the Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM). Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods In total, 296 outpatients with knee OA visiting orthopedic clinics were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were age ≥50 years, medial knee OA and Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) grade ≥1 in one or both knees, and the ability to walk independently. Standard posterior-anterior knee radiographs were measured for varus alignment. Participants were video recorded while walking and were evaluated for the presence or absence of varus thrust. Pain and stiffness of the knee joint and ADL were evaluated using the JKOM. Multivariate regressions (outcomes: pain and stiffness and ADL; predictor variable: varus thrust) were performed. Results Varus thrust was present in 46 (16.2%) of 284 patients. Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that varus thrust is independently associated with pain and stiffness, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, K/L grade, and varus alignment (β=.17, P=.005). However, the association between varus thrust and ADL was not significant (β=.11, P=.058). Based on sensitivity analyses, including participants of K/L grade 1 had little influence on this analysis. Limitations Only 16.2% of participants had a varus thrust. Moreover, a cause-effect relationship between varus thrust and pain and stiffness remains unknown due to the cross-sectional design of this study. Conclusions Varus thrust was associated with pain and stiffness in patients with medial knee OA. However, the association between varus thrust and ADL did not reach significance.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

scholarly journals Functional capability and violence situations against the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Mathes Faustino ◽  
Lenora Gandolfi ◽  
Leides Barroso de Azevedo Moura
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Capability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Partial Dependence

Objective To verify whether there is a connection between the functional capacity of the elderly and the presence of violent situations in their daily lives. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study developed with 237 elderly individuals. Standard and validated research instruments were used. Results Mean age of 70.25 years (standard deviation of 6.94), 69% were female, 76% were independent in basic activities of daily living and 54% had a partial dependence on at least one instrumental activity. The most prevalent violence was psychological and the relation between being dependent on basic activities of daily living and suffering physical violence was statistically significant. Conclusion When the elderly needs assistance to perform self-care activities, there is a greater chance of exposure to a situation of abuse, such as physical violence.

Functional performance in activities of daily living of individuals with a dual-diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance-use disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1367-1367
Author(s):  
M. Desormeaux-Lefebvre ◽  
B. Tallant ◽  
I. Gelinas ◽  
N. Lariviere
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Addiction Severity Index ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionResearch on functional performance of individuals with schizophrenia and substance use is limited, focusing primarily on cognitive impairments. Research findings are conflicting, making it difficult to understand how these individuals function despite their cognitive impairments. There is a need to use performance-based assessments to understand how individuals with a dual-diagnosis accomplish their daily living activities.AimsTo describe the functional performance of individuals with a dual-diagnosis in two activities of daily living, using a performance-based assessment.ObjectivesTo compare the functional performance of individuals with a dual-diagnosis, in grocery shopping and budgeting.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study included ten participants with a dual-diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance-use disorder, aged 21 to 35, living independently in the community. They were evaluated on two tasks, budgeting and grocery shopping, using the Perceive-Recall-Plan-Perform (PRPP) system of task analysis (Chapparo & Ranka, 2005). The PRPP is a standardized criterion-referenced task-based assessment, and is valuable in describing individuals’ community functioning with regards to information-processing difficulties. Substance use was evaluated with the Addiction Severity Index (McLellan et al., 1989).ResultsPreliminary results indicate lower scores on both tasks, in the planning quadrant of the PRPP, particularly the evaluating sub-quadrant, which involves cognitive monitoring and appraisal processes. This trend occurs despite the participant's prior familiarity with tasks. Conclusions: This study is a first step in describing the functional performance of individuals with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use in activities of daily living. This information will lead to improved rehabilitation for these clients.

THE COMPARATIVE FRAME OF REFERENCE IN SELF-RATED HEALTH QUESTIONS MATTERS WHEN PREDICTING DIFFICULTY WITH ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
C. SIORDIA ◽  
H.T. NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Level Of Difficulty

Background: Within the assessment of frailty, self-rated health (SRH) questions remain frequently used in survey research attempting to quantify a subjective and global measure of health. Studies have largely ignored the fact that SRH questions may differ in their ability to predict level of difficulty with performing activities of daily living (ADLs)—a variance partially influenced by whether a comparative frame of reference in used in the SRH question. Specific Aim: Investigate if a Comparative-SRH (C-SRH) question with response options ranging on an adjectival scale ranging from 0 to 3; and a Non-Comparative-SRH (NC-SRH) question with an adjectival response scale from range 0 to 5; differ in their ability to predict level of difficulty in performing ADLs after accounting for demographic, psychosocial, and related health factors. Setting & Design: Cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults (n=275; x age=68; female=54%; x BMI=31) from North Carolina participating in the Hispanic Aging Survey (HAS) were used in multivariable linear regressions to predict a granular measure of level of difficulty performing ADLs. Results: Only C-SRH has a statistically significant relationship with ADLs—where each increase in C-SRH (i.e., more positively self-rated health) is associated with a decrease in ADL level of difficult. Conclusions: Using a comparative frame of reference in SRH questions may have important implications when attempting to understand the statistical relationship between self-rated global health and physical function in the assessment of frailty in older adults.

Potential associated factors of functional disability in Chinese older inpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongpeng Liu ◽  
Jing Jiao ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Minglei Zhu ◽  
Xianxiu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Hospital Wards

Abstract Background: Older adults are vulnerable to a decline in physical functioning, including basic activities of daily living (ADL) and higher-level instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The causes of functional disability in older adults are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of these factors will contribute toward future health service planning. However, studies of ADL and IADL in Chinese older adults are insufficient. The aim of this study is to describe the level of ADL and IADL in different age groups and explore the factors associated with functional disability in Chinese older inpatients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisted of 9,996 Chinese older inpatients aged 65 years and older. Participants were recruited from six provinces or municipality city in southwest (Sichuan province), northeast (Heilongjiang), south central (Hubei province), northern (Beijing municipality city), northwest (Qinghai province), and eastern China (Zhejiang province) from October 2018 to February 2019. The levels of ADL and IADL were measured by scores of the Barthel index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale in consecutive intervals from 65 years of age. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, a mixed-effect generalized linear model was used to examine the association between functional disability and covariates. Results: The average ADL score was 27.68±4.59 and the mean IADL score 6.76±2.01 for all participants. A negative correlation between scores and age was observed, and there was a significant difference in ADL and IADL scores among different age groups. The top negatively influential factor in ADL and IADL was stair climbing and shopping, respectively. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, aging, emaciation, frailty, depression, falling accidents in past 12 months, hearing dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and defecation dysfunction were associated with ADL and IADL. Patients transitioned from the emergency department and other hospitals were also affected by ADL disability. Former smoking was associated with lower IADL scores. Higher level of education, living in a building without elevators, and current alcohol consumption were correlated with better IADL performance. Conclusion: Decreased functional ability was associated with the increasing age. Sociodemographic characteristics (such as age), physical health variables (frailty, emaciation, hearing dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, defecation dysfunction, falling accidents in past 12 months), and mental health variables (cognitive dysfunction, depression) were associated with functional disability. These findings potentially have major importance for the planning of hospital services, discharge planning, and post-discharge care.

scholarly journals Activities of daily living independence in Iranian blind war survivors: A cross sectional study, 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Amini ◽  
Robab Sahaf ◽  
Alireza Kaldi ◽  
Hamid Haghani ◽  
Keyvan Davatgaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
War Survivors

scholarly journals Assessing Functional Capacity and Factors Determining Functional Decline in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamélia Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Nossa ◽  
Anabela Mota-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Support

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess functional capacity and determine the factors associated with functional decline in the elderly in adult day care centres and home care support in the County of Coimbra, Portugal.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 115 participants of both genders, aged between 65 and 98, were enrolled in the home care support and adult day care system of the County of Coimbra, Portugal. Functional capacity was assessed using the Barthel index and the Lawton index. Another questionnaire gathered social, demographic and health status information.Results: The basic activities of daily living were significantly associated with age, cohabitation, medication usage, falls and multiple morbidity. Analysis of the study’s variables and the instrumental activities of daily living found significant associations between age, institutional affiliation, perceived health status, hospitalizations, medication usage, physical exercise, multiple morbidities, falls, and fall prevention.Discussion: The results demonstrate that no statistically observable differences were found between gender and functional dependence. A significant association between the Barthel index and cohabitation was also found. We should also highlight that this sample revealed the extremely important role of families in determining the protection of highly dependent older people. Likewise, a significant association was observed between instrumental activities of daily living and levels of physical activity in which greater independence was found in those seniors who practiced physical exercise three or more times per week.Conclusion: The results of this study allow us to identify factors that may be associated with the functional decline in the elderly. Useful evidence for the adoption of intervention strategies in the elderly population was added, focused on the prevention of functional decline and maintenance of the functional capacities of the elderly.

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