scholarly journals Volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris in osteoarthritic hip joints of adult dogs

2003 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Mande ◽  
P.M.F. Mbithi ◽  
S.W. Mbugua ◽  
I.B.J. Buoro ◽  
P.K. Gathumbi
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Ligamentum Capitis Femoris ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia

Ventrodorsal pelvic radiographs were made of 32 adult dogs under general anaesthesia. The hip joints were evaluated according to the severity of osteoarthritic changes graded as 0, 1, 2 or 3. The dogs were euthanased, the hip joints opened and the ligamentum capitis femoris dissected out in toto. The volume of each ligament was determined using a water displacement technique and the mean volume compared to the four radiographic grades of osteoarthritis. There was an inverse correlation (r = -0.75) between the mean volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris and the increasing severity of osteoarthritis as assessed by radiography. The results confirmed the crucial role of radiography in the clinical evaluation of hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis in the adult dog. Assessment of the volume of the ligamentum capitis femoris revealed that it is an important tool for research in canine hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals The Role of Axial Length-Corneal Radius of Curvature Ratio in Refractive State Categorization in a Nigerian Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eghosasere Iyamu ◽  
Joy Iyamu ◽  
Christian Izuchukwu Obiakor
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Refractive State ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Corneal Radius ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of axial length (AL)/corneal radius of curvature (CRC) ratio (AL/CRC) with spherical equivalent refractive state (SER) in young adults. A total of seventy () subjects consisting of 31 males and 39 females participated in this study. Subjects were categorized into emmetropia, hyperopia and myopia using the spherical equivalent refraction. The axial length was measured with I-2100 A-Scan ultrasonography/Biometer (CIMA Technology, USA), the corneal radius of curvature with Bausch & Lomb H-135A (Bausch & Lomb Corp., USA), and the refractive state by static retinoscopy and subjective refraction. The mean AL, CRC and AL/CRC ratio of all subjects were 23.74 ± 0.70 mm, 7.84 ± 0.19 mm, and 3.03 ± 0.14, respectively. Myopes had significantly longer AL, steeper CRC and higher AL/CRC ratio than the emmetropes and hyperopes. There was statistically significant inverse correlation between AL and CRC (, ), SER (, ), and between SER and AL/CRC (, ). A significant positive correlation was found between CRC and SER (, ). The categorization of the refractive state of an individual is better done by using the AL/CRC ratio index.

scholarly journals Does partial titin degradation affect sarcomere length nonuniformities and force in active and passive myofibrils?

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (3) ◽  
pp. C310-C318 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Joumaa ◽  
F. Bertrand ◽  
S. Liu ◽  
S. Poscente ◽  
W. Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Sarcomere Length ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Passive Force ◽  
Active Condition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Passive Stretch

The aim of this study was to determine the role of titin in preventing the development of sarcomere length nonuniformities following activation and after active and passive stretch by determining the effect of partial titin degradation on sarcomere length nonuniformities and force in passive and active myofibrils. Selective partial titin degradation was performed using a low dose of trypsin. Myofibrils were set at a sarcomere length of 2.4 µm and then passively stretched to sarcomere lengths of 3.4 and 4.4 µm. In the active condition, myofibrils were set at a sarcomere length of 2.8 µm, activated, and actively stretched by 1 µm/sarcomere. The extent of sarcomere length nonuniformities was calculated for each sarcomere as the absolute difference between sarcomere length and the mean sarcomere length of the myofibril. Our main finding is that partial titin degradation does not increase sarcomere length nonuniformities after passive stretch and activation compared with when titin is intact but increases the extent of sarcomere length nonuniformities after active stretch. Furthermore, when titin was partially degraded, active and passive stresses were substantially reduced. These results suggest that titin plays a crucial role in actively stretched myofibrils and is likely involved in active and passive force production.

scholarly journals Benzodiazepine premedication in general anaesthesia: a clinical comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Babita Lahkar ◽  
Kalpajit Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Prolonged Sedation ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
The Mean

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The main aims of pre-anaesthetic medication are anxiolysis, analgesia, anti-emesis and reducing perioperative patient risk. Producing a state of amnesia for pre and post-operative events is desired by all. This study has been undertaken to evaluate the role of three of the benzodiazepines i.e. diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam during general anaesthesia, in providing anxiolysis, sedation and amnesia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study included patients with ASA grade I and ASA grade II physical status of both sexes, age ranging between 18-60 years. Patients were divided into three groups of thirty patients each, every group receiving intramuscular injections of diazepam 0.1 mg/kg body weight, lorazepam 0.07 mg/kg body weight and midazolam 0.08 mg/kg body weight respectively; 45 minutes prior to induction of general anaesthesia. Anxiety assessment before premedication along with assessment of sedation after premedication was done.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Before premedication the mean values of pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were not significantly different among the three groups (p&gt;0.05). Maximum changes in these parameters were observed with Midazolam followed by lorazepam and diazepam. The dose of thiopentone used as inducing agent was also lowered significantly in case of midazolam (p&lt;0.05). One patient in midazolam group showed respiratory depression whereas four patients receiving lorazepam and diazepam showed delayed recovery and prolonged sedation, but the effects were self-limiting.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Midazolam offers the maximum advantage in allaying anxiety and providing excellent sedation and amnesia during general anaesthesia and proves to be the most suitable premedicant before general anaesthesia.</p>

scholarly journals The Use of Sixty Degree Rotation of the Acetabulum for Treatment of Dogs With Canine Hip Dysplasia. A Short Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia Elefterescu ◽  
Ciprian Andrei Ober ◽  
Andrei Timen ◽  
Christos Yiapanis ◽  
William McCartney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Secondary Osteoarthritis ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Mean Time

Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) is a prophylactic surgical procedure performed on dogs with canine hip dysplasia. The procedure is indicated in skeletally immature dogs without secondary osteoarthritis (OA). It has been suggested that 60° of rotation is excessive and is associated with poor outcome. The objective of the study was to assess the medium term outcome in dogs having undergone triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) using 60° dedicated plates. Nine TPOs were performed in seven dogs with hip dysplasia. Eight of nine hips had 72–100% osseous union at the time of revisit. The mean time to final radiographic recheck was 200 days (range, 185–229 days). The mean time to follow-up was 11.5 months (range 11–12 months). All 7 dogs had regained full function and did not require supplemental analgesia. Pelvic canal narrowing was noted in the two dogs with bilateral surgeries, but no clinical consequences were noted according to owner's statement.If more than 40 degrees reduction angles at Ortolani test, 60° of rotation of the acetabulum can be used successfully in dogs with hip dysplasia. At the time of mid-term follow-up, all dogs in this case series had full function.

scholarly journals Role of diffusion weighted MRI in characterization of renal diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Yashpaul . ◽  
P. K. Soni ◽  
Dhiraj Kapoor ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Significant Inverse Correlation ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: MRI has the unique ability to show both structure and function objectively without any radiation exposure to the patient. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is a quantitative parameter that combines the effects of capillary perfusion and water diffusion. Renal parameters have shown inverse relationship with the ADC values in these studies. So, ADC values have a potential to serve as a marker of renal function. The aim of the present endeavor was to study the role of DW MRI in characterization of renal function and to find out the clinical use of DW MRI in renal diseases; and establish the relationship between renal function assessed by eGFR and that by DW MRI calculated in terms of ADC values in various renal diseasesMethods: Total 30 patients were included in the study. The study was carried out in department of radiodiagnosis at Dr. RPMGC Kangra. 1.5 Tesla MRI machine was used. The ADC value was calculated at upper, mid and lower pole of each kidney and the mean was taken. Then the mean of right and left kidneys was taken to calculate the mean ADC of the patient.Results: Serum creatinine in present study ranged from 0.67 to 13.9mg/dl, with mean value of 7.28mg/d. Serum urea ranged from 22 to 293mg/dl with the mean of 119.6mg/dl. There was significant inverse correlation occurred between ADC values and serum urea (r=-0.43, p=0.02). There was significant inverse correlation between ADC values and serum creatinine (p=0.01) and a positive correlation between eGFR and ADC values (r=0.14, p=0.47).Conclusions: ADC values consistently decreased with increasing stage of renal failure, so these can be used as an indirect maker of renal function. Authors conclude that lower would be the ADC value more advanced would be the stage of renal failure. DW MRI can also be detect early stages of renal failure even when the serum maker are within normal range.

scholarly journals 3D printing of canine hip dysplasia: anatomic models and radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-777
Author(s):  
R.Y.G. Nunez ◽  
L.K. Albuquerque ◽  
R.C.R. Pereira ◽  
R.P.M. Silva ◽  
P.F. Peruquetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Anatomic Models ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Norberg Angle

ABSTRACT Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is a highly prevalent articular pathological condition. In this sense, radiography becomes an important diagnostic method to determine the presence and severity of the disease. The objective was to create 3D models and their respective radiographs representing the CHD (3D AMCHD). The research was carried out in the Laboratory of 3D Educational Technologies of UFAC, under no. 23107.007273/2017-49 (CEUA/UFAC). A canine skeleton (hip bone, femurs and patellae) was used without anatomical deformities compatible with DCF (pelvis, femurs and patella), which were scanned in order to obtain the files of the base model. In these files the deformations representing the different degrees of CHD were performed. Subsequently, the 3D AMCHD files were printed, mounted and X-rayed. The 3D AMCHD represented the bone deformations of the different degrees of CHD. In the radiographs of the 3D AMCHD it was possible to observe and determine each of the bones that constituted the hip joints. This allowed to reproduce the correct positioning to represent the CHD diagnosis and establish the precise points to determine the Norberg angle. In this way, it was evidenced that the 3D AMCHD can be a possible tool to be used in the Teaching of Veterinary Medicine.

Asymmetrical lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in dogs may promote asymmetrical hip joint development

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Steffen ◽  
Michael Hässig ◽  
Joseph Morgan ◽  
Mark Flückiger
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Transverse Process ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Secondary Osteoarthritis ◽  
Pelvic Rotation ◽  
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra ◽  
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia

Summary Objectives: This study examines the relationship between the morphology of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) and asymmetrical development of the hip joints in dogs. Methods: A total of 4000 dogs which had been consecutively scored for canine hip dysplasia were checked for the presence of a LTV. A LTV was noted in 138 dogs and classified depending on the morphology of the transverse processes and the degree of contact with the ilium. Results: In dogs with an asymmetrical LTV, the hip joint was significantly more predis-posed to subluxation and malformation on the side of the intermediate or sacral-like transverse process (p <0.01), on the side of the elevated pelvis (p <0.01), or when an asymmetrical LTV resulted in pelvic rotation on its long axis (p <0.01), whereas hip joint conformation was less affected on the side featuring a free transverse process (p <0.01). Clinical significance: The results support our hypothesis that an asymmetrical LTV favours pelvic rotation over its long axis, resulting in inadequate femoral head coverage by the acetabulum on one side. Inadequate coverage of the femoral head favours subluxation, malformation of the hip joint, and secondary osteoarthritis. Asymmetrical hip conformation may therefore be the sequela of a LTV and mask or aggravate genetically induced canine hip dysplasia.

scholarly journals Treatment of canine hip dysplasia using triple pelvic osteotomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1 - 2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
K. Altunatmaz ◽  
R. Yucel ◽  
Y. Devecioglu ◽  
M. Saroglu ◽  
S. Ozsoy
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Mild Dysplasia ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Norberg Angle

In this study, triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) was carried out in a total of 22 dysplastic dogs, of which 9 were treated bilaterally and 13 unilaterally, and the position of the acetabulum was changed in a total of 31 hip joints using a special plate. It was established that, of the treated hip joints, 16 had severe, 12 medium and 3 mild dysplasia, the Norberg angle was between 70&ndash;92&deg; and that the covering rate of the acetabulum over the femoral head changed between 5&ndash;42&deg;. In the radiographs taken immediately after the operation, the covering rate of the acetabulum over the femoral head was determined to be very good in 25 hip joints (75% and over) and good in 6 joints (60&ndash;75%). In 5 cases, some of the screws holding the plate in place were seen to loosen in radiographs. However, this did not have any effect on the angle given to the acetabulum. In radiographs obtained 6&ndash;48 months later, degenerative joint disease was not encountered in 29 cases, with the exception of 2 cases. It was concluded that hip dysplasia, which is a hereditary disease, can be treated reasonably successfully in young dogs with TPO carried out before degenerative changes begin to occur in the joint.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document