A serological prevalence survey of Brucella abortus in cattle of rural communities in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa : article

A serological survey of Brucella abortus in cattle originating from communal grazing areas of Kwa Zulu Natal was carried out between March 2001 and December 2003. The survey was designed as a 2-stage survey, considering the diptank as the primary sampling unit. In total 46 025 animals from 446 diptanks of 33 magisterial districts were sampled and tested using the Rose Bengal test and Complement Fixation Test. The apparent prevalence at district level was adjusted for clustering, diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity, and mapped using ArcView version 3.3. The prevalence of brucellosis in communal grazing areas of Kwa-Zulu Natal was found to be 1.45 % (0.84-2.21 %) and varied from 0 to 15.6% between magisterial districts. In 19 of the 33 magisterial districts no serological reactors were observed. A large variation in prevalence was found within diptank areas. Brucellosis was found to be most prevalent in the northeastern area of the province. The findings of the survey are discussed.

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A serological survey of leptospirosis in cattle of rural communities in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v80i1.168 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

U.W. Hesterberg ◽

R. Bagnall ◽

B. Bosch ◽

K. Perrett ◽

R. Horner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

District Level ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Serological Survey ◽

Test Sensitivity ◽

Apparent Prevalence ◽

Kwazulu Natal ◽

Leptospira Interrogans Serovar Pomona

A serological survey of leptospirosis in cattle originating from rural communities of the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) in South Africa was carried out between March 2001 and December 2003. The survey was designed as a 2-stage survey, using the local dip tank as the primary sampling point. In total, 2021 animals from 379 dip tanks in 33 magisterial districts were sampled and tested with the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The apparent prevalence at district level was adjusted for clustering and diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity and displayed in maps. The prevalence of leptospirosis in cattle originating from communal grazing areas of KZN was found to be 19.4% with a 95% confidence interval of 14.8-24.1 %. At district level the prevalence of leptospirosis varied from 0 to 63 % of cattle. Bovine leptospirosis was found to occur in communal grazing areas throughout the province with the exception of 2 districts. The southeastern regions showed a higher prevalence than other areas of the province; while in some of the northern and western districts a lower prevalence was noted. Several serovars were detected by the MAT and although Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona occurred most frequently, serovars tarrasovi, bratislava, hardjo, canicola and icterohaemorrhagica were also frequently identified. The findings of the survey are discussed.

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The serological response of cattle to vaccines against brucellosis, as measured by the brucellosis radioimmunoassay and other tests

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400069849 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. J. Chappel ◽

J. Hayes ◽

B. A. Rogerson ◽

L. J. Shenfield

Keyword(s):

Brucella Abortus ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Serological Response ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Plate Test ◽

The Rose ◽

Serum Agglutination ◽

Haemolysis Test

SummarySerum samples were obtained from 281 heifers vaccinated with Brucella abortus strain 19, and from 50 heifers that had received two injections of killed B. abortus strain 45/20 adjuvant (K45/20A) vaccine. The serological response measured by the brucellosis radioimmunoassay (RIA) was compared with responses measured by other tests.The serological responses of cattle during the first weeks after strain 19 vaccination were found to give little guide to the frequency of persistent reactions.In the case of strain 19, persistent reactions were considered to be those occurring 12 or more months after vaccination. In heifers vaccinated at the recommended age, small numbers of persistent reactions were given by the RIA (four in 374 sera), the complement fixation test using warm fixation (CFTW) (six in 383) and cold fixation (one in 185), the serum agglutination test (two in 222) and the indirect haemolysis test (IHLT) (two in 369). The Rose Bengal plate test gave 74 persistent reactions in 374 sera.Five of the 50 heifers gave particularly prolonged responses to K45/20A vaccine. In these animals the RIA and IHLT remained positive for longer than the CFTW.

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Brucella abortus RB51 and Hot Saline Extract from Brucella ovis as Antigens in a Complement Fixation Test Used To Detect Sheep Vaccinated with Brucella abortus RB51

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.8.1.119-122.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 119-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rosanna Adone ◽

Franco Ciuchini

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Brucella Abortus ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Infected Sheep ◽

Fixation Test ◽

Anticomplementary Activity ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Saline Extract ◽

Brucella Ovis

ABSTRACT The efficacy of Brucella abortus RB51 and hot saline extract (HSE) from Brucella ovis as antigens in complement fixation (CF) tests was comparatively evaluated in detecting immune responses of sheep vaccinated with B. abortus strain RB51. For this study, four 5-month-old sheep were vaccinated subcutaneously with 5 × 109 CFU of RB51, and two sheep received saline. Serum samples collected at different times after vaccination were tested for the presence of antibodies to RB51 by a CF test with RB51 as antigen, previously deprived of anticomplementary activity, and with HSE antigen, which already used as the official antigen to detectB. ovis-infected sheep. The results showed that vaccinated sheep developed antibodies which reacted weakly against HSE antigen and these antibodies were detectable for 30 days after vaccination. However, antibodies to RB51 could be detected for a longer period after vaccination by using homologous RB51 antigen in CF tests. In fact, high titers were still present at 110 days postvaccination with RB51 antigen. Sera from sheep naturally infected with B. ovisalso reacted to RB51 but gave lower titers than those detected by HSE antigen. As expected, all sera from RB51-vaccinated sheep remained negative when tested with standard S-type Brucella standard antigens.

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A quantitative comparison of the sensitivity of serological tests for bovine brucellosis to different antibody classes

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400055182 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 287-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

G. S. Allan ◽

R. J. Chappel ◽

P. Williamson ◽

D. J. McNaught

Keyword(s):

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Quantitative Comparison ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Plate Test ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

The Rose ◽

Serum Agglutination

SUMMARYBrucella-specific antibodies of different immunoglobulin classes were quantitatively evaluated with respect to their efficiency in serological tests for bovine brucellosis.IgM reacted more efficiently than IgG1and IgG2in both the Rose Bengal plate test and serum agglutination test. The complement fixation test was found to be slightly more sensitive to IgM than to IgG1and did not react to IgG2.IgM was, however, partly inactivated when heated at 60°C. in the presence of serum.

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Brucella suis infection in domestic pigs in Sardinia (Italy)

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268814003513 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (10) ◽

pp. 2170-2177 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. PILO ◽

M. T. TEDDE ◽

G. ORRÙ ◽

G. ADDIS ◽

M. LICIARDI

Keyword(s):

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Bacteriological Examination ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Domestic Pigs ◽

Brucella Suis ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

The Rose

SUMMARYDuring a 4-year (2007–2010) survey, the presence of Brucella suis infection in domestic pigs in Sardinia was investigated. Serum samples were collected from breeding pigs located on 108 commercial farms with documented reproductive problems and analysed using the Rose Bengal (RBT) and complement fixation (CFT) tests for screening and confirmation of Brucella, respectively. Of the 1251 serum samples analysed by RBT, 406 sera, originating from 36 farms, were positive for B. suis. CFT was positive in 292/748 sera analysed, confirming positivity in all 36 pig herds. Pigs with international complement fixation test units per ml (ICFTU/ml) values ⩾160 were slaughtered, and their organs collected for bacteriological examination and testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Brucella spp. strains were isolated in culture from 13/502 organs analysed, and subsequently identified as B. suis biovar 2. PCR detected positivity to Brucella spp. in 19/285 organs analysed. These results confirm the presence and emergence of B. suis infection in domestic pigs in Sardinia.

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Protective Effect of the Nramp1 BB Genotype against Brucella abortus in the Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00948-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 988-996 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Rosanna Capparelli ◽

Flora Alfano ◽

Maria Grazia Amoroso ◽

Giorgia Borriello ◽

Domenico Fenizia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brucella Abortus ◽

Untranslated Region ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Water Buffalo ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Lower Number ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Intracellular Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Protein

ABSTRACT We tested 413 water buffalo cows (142 cases and 271 controls) for the presence of anti-Brucella abortus antibodies (by the skin test, the agglutination test, and the complement fixation test) and the Nramp1 genotype (by capillary electrophoresis). Four alleles (Nramp1A, -B, -C, and -D) were detected in the 3′ untranslated region of the Nramp1 gene. The BB genotype was represented among only controls, providing evidence that this genotype confers resistance to Brucella abortus. The monocytes from the BB (resistant) subjects displayed a higher basal level of Nramp1 mRNA and a lower number of viable intracellular bacteria than did the monocytes from AA (susceptible) subjects. The higher basal level of the antibacterial protein Nramp1 most probably provides the BB animals with the possibility of controlling bacteria immediately after their entry inside the cell.

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Comparison of radioimmunoassay with the complement fixation test and the indirect haemolysis test in the field diagnosis of bovine brucellosis

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400063853 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 67-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. J. Chappel ◽

J. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Fixation Test ◽

Supporting Evidence ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Eradication Programme ◽

Female Cattle ◽

The Rose ◽

Supplementary Test ◽

Haemolysis Test

SUMMARYSera were collected from female cattle in 118 commercial herds being subjected to a programme to eradicate brucellosis by test and slaughter, in an area in which vaccination of heifer calves with Brucella abortus strain 19 was compulsory. Of 4583 sera positive by the Rose Bengal plate test, the brucellosis radioimmunoassay was positive for 1524, the complement fixation test for 1363 and the indirect haemolysis test for 1141. These figures, and supporting evidence from the eradication programme, suggest that the radioimmunoassay may be a useful supplementary test in problem herds.

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Complement Fixation Test To Assess Humoral Immunity in Cattle and Sheep Vaccinated with Brucella abortusRB51

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.6.6.787-790.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 787-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Rosanna Adone ◽

Franco Ciuchini

Keyword(s):

Humoral Immunity ◽

Brucella Abortus ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Deficient Mutant ◽

Anticomplementary Activity ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Serologic Tests ◽

Rough Strain ◽

Cattle And Sheep

ABSTRACT The live attenuated Brucella abortus strain RB51 is a rifampin-resistant, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-chain-deficient mutant of virulent B. abortus 2308. The reduced O-chain content in RB51 prevents this bacterium from inducing antibodies detectable by the conventional serologic tests for bovine brucellosis diagnosis that mainly identify antibodies to LPS. The absence of available serologic tests for RB51 also complicates the diagnosis of possible RB51 infections in humans exposed to this strain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a complement fixation (CF) test performed with the rough strain B. abortus RB51, previously deprived of anticomplementary activity, in detecting anti-B. abortus RB51 antibodies in cattle and sheep experimentally vaccinated with this strain. The results of this study showed that a CF test with RB51 as the antigen is able to specifically detect antibodies following RB51 vaccination in cattle and sheep. In addition, this method could be a useful tool for detecting B. abortus RB51 infection in humans.

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Prevalence of antibodies to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, goats, horses and camels in the State of Eritrea; influence of husbandry systems

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268899004501 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 125 (2) ◽

pp. 447-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M. K. OMER ◽

E. SKJERVE ◽

G. HOLSTAD ◽

Z. WOLDEHIWET ◽

A. P. MACMILLAN

Keyword(s):

Rose Bengal ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Serological Evidence ◽

Vaccination Site ◽

Mixed Crop ◽

Husbandry System ◽

The Rose ◽

Livestock System

Samples from 2427 cattle, 661 goats, 104 sheep, 98 camels and 82 horses were screened for brucella infections by the Rose Bengal Test and positive reactors confirmed by the complement fixation test. In cattle, the highest individual seroprevalence was in dairy herds kept under the intensive husbandry system, with an individual prevalence of 8·2% and unit (herd) seroprevalence of 35·9%. This was followed by the pastoral husbandry system in the Western Lowlands with 5·0% individual but a higher unit (vaccination site) prevalence of 46·1%. The lowest was in the mixed crop-livestock system in the Southern Highlands with individual 0·3% and unit (village) prevalence of 2·4%. In sheep and goats, no positive animals were detected in the mixed crop-livestock areas. In the Eastern Lowlands individual prevalences of 3·8% (goats) and 1·4% (sheep) and unit prevalence of 33·3% (goats) and 16·7% were found, while 14·3% of individual goats and 56·3% of the units in the Western Lowlands were positive. No positive horses were found. The present study documents the first serological evidence of Brucella spp. infection in camels (3·1%) in Eritrea.

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Detection of Antibodies Brucella abortus in dairy cattle in Puspo District, Pasuruan using Rose Bengal Test and Complement Fixation Test

Jurnal Medik Veteriner ◽

10.20473/jmv.vol4.iss2.2021.199-206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Agung Jati Kusuma ◽

Erma Safitri ◽

Ratih Novita Praja ◽

Wiwiek Tyasningsih ◽

Maya Nurwartanti Yunita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Adult Female ◽

Rose Bengal ◽

Brucella Abortus ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Fixation Test ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Rose Bengal Test

Brucellosis was an infectious disease caused by the genus brucella. Brucellosis in dairy cattle was caused by Brucella abortus that impaction an abortion. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of antibodies of the Brucella abortus in adult female dairy cattle in the Puspo district Pasuruan using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT). A descriptive analysis method with quantitative approach was used in this study. Meanwhile, interviews were conducted to get supporting information from the farmer. Used 100 samples. The results of the study showed 2% samples considered positive brucellosis tested by RBT. To confidence false-positive result, RBT test was followed by CFT. After tested by CFT, in this study there were no brucella antibodies in adult female dairy cattle in Puspo district, Pasuruan.

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