A check list of the spider fauna of the Western Soutpansberg, South Africa (Arachnida: Araneae)

One of the aims of South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) is to survey protected areas to obtain species-specific information and compile inventories to determine species distribution patterns and evaluate their conservation status for Red Data assessments. The aim of this study, the first in a series of surveys of the Diamond Route Reserves, was to compile the first checklist of the spider species in the Northern Cape at the Tswalu Kalahari Reserve. Spiders were collected during three survey periods (2005−2013) using different collecting methods to sample both the ground and field layers. In total, 32 families represented by 108 genera and 136 species have been collected so far. The most species-rich families are the Salticidae (20 spp.) and Thomisidae (18 spp.), followed by the Gnaphosidae and Araneidae (11 spp. each), while nine families are represented by singletons. The free-living wandering spiders represent 97 spp., while 39 spp. are web-builders. Information on spider guilds, endemicity value and conservation status are provided. The Tswalu Kalahari Reserve protects approximately 6.1% of the total South African spider fauna, while 24.3% of the species found in the reserve are South African endemics, of which 5.9% are Northern Cape endemics. Approximately 6.0% of the species sampled are possibly new to science or represent new records for South Africa.Conservation implications: The Tswalu Kalahari Reserve falls within the Savanna Biome in the Northern Cape province. Only one spider species was previously known from the reserve; a further 135 spp. are reported for the first time, with 5.9% of the species being Northern Cape endemics and 24.3% South African endemics. Approximately 6.0% of the species may be new to science or represent new records for South Africa.

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A check list of the spider fauna of the Karoo National Park, South Africa (Arachnida: Araneae)

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v42i1.219 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Anna S. Dippenaar-Schoeman ◽

Astri Leroy ◽

Marie De Jager ◽

Annette Van den Berg

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

National Survey ◽

Habitat Preference ◽

National Park ◽

Single Species ◽

Check List ◽

The South ◽

Spider Species ◽

Number Of Species

A check list of the spider species of the Karoo National Park collected over a period of 10 years is presented. Thirty-eight families, represented by 102 genera and 116 species have been collected. Of these species, 76 (66.4 ) were wanderers and 39 (33.6 ) web builders. The Araneidae have the highest number of species (14) followed by the Thomisidae (10) and the Gnaphosidae (8), while 14 families are represented by a single species. Information on spider guilds, their habitat preference and web types is provided. This study forms part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA).

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Spiders and Scorpions (Arachnida: Araneae, Scorpiones) of the Nylsvley Nature Reserve, South Africa

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v51i1.161 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ansie S. Dippenaar-Schoeman ◽

Annette Van den Berg ◽

Lorenzo Prendini

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Protected Areas ◽

South African ◽

National Survey ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

New Records ◽

The South ◽

Spider Species

Among other activities, the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) aims to survey the biodiversity of arachnids in protected areas of South Africa. The study presented here documents the diversity of spiders and scorpions collected from the Nylsvley Nature Reserve (NNR), South Africa over a 30-year period. The spider fauna of NNR contains 175 species (7.5% of the total recorded in South Africa), in 131 genera and 37 families. Thomisidae is the most diverse spider family in the reserve, with 33 species (18.9% of the total), followed by Salticidae, with 20 species (11.4%), and Araneidae, with 18 species (10.3%). The majority of species (125) are wandering spiders (71.4%), whereas 50 species (28.6%) build webs. Wandering grounddwelling spiders comprise 52 species, whereas 73 wandering species have been collected from the vegetation. A total of 158 species are new records for the reserve and Oxyopes tuberculatus Lessert, 1915 is newly recorded for South Africa. Six spider species may be new to science. The scorpion fauna of NNR comprises five species (5% of the total recorded in South Africa) in three genera and two families. Buthidae are more diverse in the reserve, with four species and two genera represented. The scorpion fauna of the reserve includes two fossorial and three epigeic species, representing five ecomorphotypes: semi-zpsammophilous, pelophilous, lithophilous, corticolous and lapidicolous. Five additional scorpion species may be recorded if the reserve is sampled more intensively using appropriate techniques.

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Online appendix 1:South African National Survey of Arachnida: A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve, Limpopo province, South Africa

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v58i1.1405-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefan H. Foord ◽

Anna S. Dippenaar-Schoeman ◽

Rudy Jocqué ◽

Charles R. Haddad ◽

Robin Lyle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

National Survey ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Specific Information ◽

Spider Species ◽

Online Appendix

The aim of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) is to document the Arachnida fauna of South Africa. One of the focus areas of SANSA is to survey protected areas to obtain species-specific information, and species distribution patterns for Red Data assessments. Here, we provide the first checklist of the spider species of Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve (LNR) in the Limpopo province of South Africa collected during five surveys between 2009 and 2016 using methods targeting both the ground and field layers. Forty-five families, represented by 168 genera and 268 species, have been collected so far. The most species-rich families were the Salticidae (41 spp.) and Araneidae (38 spp.), followed by the Thomisidae (33 spp.), while 11 families were represented by one species. Information on spider guilds, endemicity value and conservation status are provided. The LNR protects approximately 12.2% of the total South African spider fauna. Two species, Hasarinella distincta Haddad & Wesołowska, 2013 (Salticidae) and Ballomma legala Jocqué & Henrard, 2015 (Zodariidae), are presently known to be endemic to the reserve.Conservation implications: The LNR falls within the Savanna Biome in the Limpopo province. Only five spider species were previously known from the reserve and 263 spp. are reported from the reserve for the first time. Thirteen species are possibly new to science and 2 species represent new distribution records for South Africa.

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South African National Survey of Arachnida: A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve, Limpopo province, South Africa

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v58i1.1405 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefan H. Foord ◽

Anna S. Dippenaar-Schoeman ◽

Rudy Jocqué ◽

Charles R. Haddad ◽

Robin Lyle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

National Survey ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Specific Information ◽

Spider Species ◽

Species Specific

The aim of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) is to document the Arachnida fauna of South Africa. One of the focus areas of SANSA is to survey protected areas to obtain species-specific information, and species distribution patterns for Red Data assessments. Here, we provide the first checklist of the spider species of Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve (LNR) in the Limpopo province of South Africa collected during five surveys between 2009 and 2016 using methods targeting both the ground and field layers. Forty-five families, represented by 168 genera and 268 species, have been collected so far. The most species-rich families were the Salticidae (41 spp.) and Araneidae (38 spp.), followed by the Thomisidae (33 spp.), while 11 families were represented by one species. Information on spider guilds, endemicity value and conservation status are provided. The LNR protects approximately 12.2% of the total South African spider fauna. Two species, Hasarinella distincta Haddad & Wesołowska, 2013 (Salticidae) and Ballomma legala Jocqué & Henrard, 2015 (Zodariidae), are presently known to be endemic to the reserve.Conservation implications: The LNR falls within the Savanna Biome in the Limpopo province. Only five spider species were previously known from the reserve and 263 spp. are reported from the reserve for the first time. Thirteen species are possibly new to science and 2 species represent new distribution records for South Africa.

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New records of 43 spider species from the Mountain Zebra National Park, South Africa (Arachnida: Araneae)

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v49i2.113 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A.S. Dippenaar-Schoeman

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

National Parks ◽

National Survey ◽

National Park ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

New Records ◽

Nature Reserves ◽

Kruger National Park ◽

Spider Species

This study forms part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA), initiated in 1997 with the main aim to create an inventory of the arachnid fauna of South Africa (Dippenaar-Schoeman & Craemer 2000). One of the objectives of SANSA is to assess the number of arachnid species presently protected in conserved areas in the country. Check lists of spiders are now available for three national parks, three nature reserves and a conservancy. These areas include: Mountain Zebra National Park (Dippenaar-Schoeman 1988); Karoo National Park (Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 1999); Kruger National Park (Dippenaar- Schoeman & Leroy 2002); Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve (Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 1989); Makelali Nature Reserve (Whitmore et al. 2001, 2002); Swartberg Nature Reserve (Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. 2005); and the Soutpansberg Conservancy (Foord et al. 2002).

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Contract Archeology in South Africa

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.013.253 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ndukuyakhe Ndlovu

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Research Funding ◽

Legal Requirements ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Legislative Framework ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

Potential Damage ◽

Legislative Changes ◽

The 1960S

The roots of contract archeology were laid even before the development of a legislative framework that prescribed the processes to be followed. Contract archeology was being seen by the museums and universities as the best avenue to the subsidizing of archeological research. The increased research funding of the 1960s and 1970s was on the decline in the 1980s. Universities, therefore, were at a disadvantage and needed to explore other avenues of funding. Legislative changes over the years, which made it mandatory for developers to fund impact assessments to mitigate potential damage of valuable heritage resources from their proposed activities, have led to a significant proliferation of private archeological companies. These have been established to provide developers with the expertise they need to satisfy these legal requirements. The approach used in South Africa is that the developer must pay to assess the nature of the likely impact of their proposed activity. Government entities are then tasked with the responsibility of reviewing studies undertaken by specialists subcontracted by developers. The subdiscipline of archeology has grown significantly in South Africa, specifically enabled by legislative changes over the years requiring that predevelopment assessments of heritage sites be undertaken prior to approvals being made. However, archeology has continued to be defined as racially unrepresentative of the South African demography. In addition, the management of heritage resources through the use of contract archeology has been characterized by a variety of administrative challenges.

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High diversity of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in a Ramsar site Lake Kud-Thing, Northeast Thailand

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4780 (2) ◽

pp. 275-290

Author(s):

SUPATRA TIANG-NGA ◽

ARTEM Y. SINEV ◽

LA-ORSRI SANOAMUANG

Keyword(s):

New Records ◽

Single Species ◽

Biodiversity Hotspots ◽

Ramsar Site ◽

Northeast Thailand ◽

Intensive Study ◽

Natural Lakes ◽

Ceriodaphnia Cornuta ◽

High Diversity ◽

Planktonic Species

An intensive study of cladoceran diversity in Lake Kud-Thing, a Ramsar site of Bueng Kan Province, Thailand, was conducted. One hundred and twenty-five qualitative samples were collected from 15 localities during the period from June 2012 to November 2014. A total of 58 species belonging to 38 genera was recorded. Three species, Chydorus idrisi Sinev 2014, Karualona kwangsiensis (Chiang 1963) and Streblocerus cf. serricaudatus (Fisher 1849) are new records for Thailand. The most species rich family was Chydoridae (32 species, 55% of the encountered species in the lake) followed by Sididae (8 species, 14%) and Macrothricidae (8 species, 14%) while only a single species of Ilyocryptidae was observed. The most frequently encountered planktonic species were Ceriodaphnia cornuta Sars 1885, Bosmina cf. meridionalis Sars 1904 and Ephemeroporus barroisi (Richard 1894). A newly described chydorid, Anthalona spinifera Tiang-nga, Sinev & Sanoamuang 2016, was also recorded from this lake. The number of cladocerans recorded in this study is remarkably higher than that of previous studies in other natural lakes (17–40 species) within Thailand. In addition to earlier records, the number of cladocerans of Lake Kud-Thing has been updated to 62 species, about two times higher than that of other lakes in this region. Thus, our results suggest that Lake Kud-Thing is one of the biodiversity hotspots for Cladocera of Southeast Asia.

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Trends in numbers of Cape gannets (Morus capensis), 1956/1957–2005/2006, with a consideration of the influence of food and other factors

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsl011 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 169-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Robert J. M. Crawford ◽

Benedict L. Dundee ◽

Bruce M. Dyer ◽

Norbert T. W. Klages ◽

Michael A. Meÿer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Fish Prey ◽

Management Measures ◽

Fur Seals ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Influence Of Food ◽

Abundance And Distribution

Abstract Crawford, R. J. M., Dundee, B. L., Dyer, B. M., Klages, N. T., Meÿer, M. A., and Upfold, L. 2007. Trends in numbers of Cape gannets (Morus capensis), 1956/57–2005/06, with a consideration of the influence of food and other factors – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64, 169–177. Cape gannets (Morus capensis) breed at six colonies in Namibia and South Africa. Population size averaged about 250 000 pairs over the period 1956/1957–1968/1969 and about 150 000 pairs from 1978/1979 to 2005/2006. Over the whole 50-y period, numbers at the three Namibian colonies fell by 85–98%, with greater proportional decreases in the south. There were increases at two South African colonies between 1956/1957 and 2005/2006. The colony at Lambert's Bay increased between 1956/1957 and 2003/2004, but attacks by Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus) on birds at nests caused abandonment of the entire colony in 2005/2006. Long-term changes at colonies are thought to be largely attributable to an altered abundance and distribution of prey, especially sardine (Sardinops sagax) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). In both Namibia and South Africa, the numbers of Cape gannets breeding were significantly related to the biomass of epipelagic fish prey. Over the 50-y period, there was also a marked similarity in the proportions of gannets and epipelagic fish in the Benguela system, which were present in Namibia and South Africa. In the 2000s, there was an eastward shift in the distribution of sardine off South Africa and a large increase in the number of gannets breeding at South Africa's easternmost colony. When sardine were scarce off South Africa, gannets fed on anchovy, but off Namibia anchovy only temporarily and partially replaced sardine. Ecosystem management measures that might improve the conservation status of Cape gannets are considered.

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Risk factors for failure in newly established small, micro and medium-sized enterprises in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province, South Africa

Risk Governance and Control Financial Markets & Institutions ◽

10.22495/rgcv5i4art1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 8-18

Author(s):

Zeleke Worku

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

The South ◽

Gauteng Province ◽

Entrepreneurial Skills ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Networking Ability ◽

Tourism Enterprises

The annual report issued for the financial year 2013/2014 by the South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2015) shows that the business confidence index of South Africa was equal to 89.3% in January 2015. According to the South African National Department of Tourism (2015), the tourism sector contributed 93 Billion Rand (3%) to the South African GDP in the year 2012. The contribution of the tourism sector was equal to 189.4 Billion Rand in the year 2009. This figure is projected to grow to 499 Billion Rand by the year 2020. According to the South African Small Enterprise Development Agency (2015), newly established and emerging business enterprises conducting business in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province are less viable and efficient in comparison with well-established tourism enterprises. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify risk factors for underperformance and bankruptcy in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province in South Africa. The study was based on data collected from a stratified random sample of size 311 tourism enterprises that operate in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Data was collected on a large number of socio-economic factors that adversely affect entrepreneurial activities in the tourism sector of Gauteng Province. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analyses was used in the study. Examples of variables on which data was gathered was level of entrepreneurial skills, level of formal education, location of business, duration of experience, amount of capital, number of employees, ability to network with other tourist operators, degree of competition from rival operators, geographical location, category of business, category of entrepreneurial skills, average number of visitors per month, net profit, size of business, market share, access to finance, and degree of support from Government agencies. Results obtained from the study showed that the long-term survival and viability of African entrepreneurs in the tourism industry of Gauteng Province was significantly and adversely affected by the degree of competition from rival operators, poor networking ability, lack of entrepreneurial skills, low capital, and geographical location. The study found that African entrepreneurs in the tourism industry of Gauteng Province lagged behind their white counterparts significantly in terms of networking ability, capital and entrepreneurial skills. In addition, 82% of the 311 African entrepreneurs who participated in the study lacked suitable skills due to their poor and irrelevant academic and vocational background, and that 59% of entrepreneurs had received little or no assistance in terms of mentoring or training opportunities from South African Government agencies.

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