Chronoscopic reading in whole body reaction times can be a tool in detecting cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetics: A case control study

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with hyperglycemia among type 2 diabetics. The objective of this study was to compare the H. pylori infection frequency in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Methods: This case-control study was done at Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital from May 2019 to August 2019. After written and informed consent, patients between 18-75 years with epigastric burning, dyspepsia, regurgitation were included and with history of eradication therapy, antibiotic or NSAID use in the last 6 months or surgery of upper GI tract months were excluded. Type 2 diabetics were placed in one group and non-diabetic individuals in another. Both groups were compared for presence of H. pylori infection. Data was analysed using SPSS. Demographic variables included age, gender and status of H. pylori infection. Quantitative data was expressed as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test was applied to test for significance keeping p-value of <0.05 statistically significant.Results: From 480 patients, 355 patients showed positive H. pylori, among them 282 were diabetic and 73 non-diabetic (p-value <0.001). Amongst the 355 diabetics, 55% were male Among 73 non-diabetics, 64% were male. All the patients in the study had dyspeptic symptoms and complained of dyspepsia, epigastric burning and regurgitation.Conclusions: A substantial relationship between H. pylori infection among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was observed compared to non-diabetics. As a result, diabetic patients having active dyspeptic symptoms should undergo further confirmatory tests for diagnosing H. pylori infection.

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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor, and Renal Function Determinants in Type 2 Diabetics in Kaduna, Northern Nigeria: A Case–Control Study

Journal of Health Science Research ◽

10.7324/jhsr.2021.624 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

Paulinus Jimmy Unung ◽

Iya Eze Bassey ◽

Mahmoud B Alhassan ◽

Euphoria C. Akwiwu ◽

Faith A. Effa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Case Control ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Control Study

Context: the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on renal function of diabetics is unclear. Objective: This study investigated the relationship between VEGF, PEDF and urea, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in type 2 diabetics. Materials and Methods: 100 type 2 diabetics and 50 controls were recruited into this case-control study. Analytes were determined by standard methods. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and 95% Confidence interval. Results: VEGF, PEDF (p=0.0001), urea (p=0.024) and creatinine (p=0.026) were significantly higher in diabetics than controls but eGFR was comparable (p>0.05) in both groups. VEGF and PEDF were comparable (p>0.05) in the diabetics with eGFR<60 ml/min and >60 ml/min. Renal function parameters did not correlate with either VEGF or PEDF. Conclusion: plasma VEGF and PEDF are higher in diabetics but there seem to be no association between renal function determinants and either VEGF and PEDF.

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METFORMIN THERAPY AND VITAMIN B12 LEVELS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/0702520 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 71-72

Author(s):

S Mahaboob Fayaz

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Case Control ◽

Metformin Therapy ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

One Year ◽

Control Study

INTRODUCTION: Metformin is considered as the main drug of choice for the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. GI intolerance is a most common side effect seen in patients with long-term metformin therapy. Vitamin B12 deciency can be a consequence of metformin therapy due to malabsorption. In this study we sought to estimate vitamin B12 levels in patients who were on metformin therapy. MATERIALAND METHODS: The study is a case control study. 30 patients were on Metformin for more than one year (CASES) and the other 30 were on other anti-diabetic drugs and/or insulin for more than one year (CONTROLS). Serum vitamin B12 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay method. RESULT:In regard to vitamin B12 levels, this study clearly shows a decrease associated with Metformin therapy. CONCLUSION: Type 2 diabetics on long term Metformin therapy were found to have signicantly low levels of Vitamin B12 when compared to type 2 diabetics on other anti-diabetic drugs. Hence Vitamin B12 supplementation should be considered in patients with long term metformin therapy.

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