scholarly journals Dynamics of natural regeneration after disturbance in a remnant of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alyne Regina Ruggiero ◽  
Lauri Amândio Schorn ◽  
Kristiana Fiorentin dos Santos ◽  
Tatiele Anete Bergamo Fenilli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Healing Phase ◽  
Successional Species ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Over 40 Years

This study evaluated changes in the structure for remnant Mixed Ombrophilous Forest recovering from logging, which ceased over 40 years ago. Regarding the dynamics of the floristic composition of natural regeneration, 18 species remained (23.38% of the total) and 27 new species entered (35.06% of the total). The greatest increases were observed for Allophylus edulis, Myrsine umbellata, and Miconia cinerascens. When analyzing the dynamics of regeneration in ecological groups, it was observed that pioneer species had a similar value in both surveys (29.4% and 29.6%); secondary species decreased from 56.6% to 52.8%, and late-successional species increased from 0.2% to 6.0%. Therefore, the forest fragment studied is in a healing phase after disturbance, characterized by the increased regeneration of pioneer species as a result of sufficient light entering the interior of the forest.

scholarly journals MORFOLOGIA DE DIÁSPOROS E PLÂNTULAS DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DA FLORESTA COM ARAUCÁRIA, NO SUL DO BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Mara Gogosz ◽  
Maria Regina Torres Boerger ◽  
Nelson Luiz Cosmo ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

Neste estudo foram caracterizados morfologicamente frutos, sementes e plântulas de espécies da Floresta com Araucária (Floresta Ombrófila Mista), visando entender as estratégias de estabelecimento de diferentes grupos ecológicos. Frutos de 18 espécies arbóreas foram coletados na região de Curitiba, Paraná. As sementes foram semeadas em vermiculita e mantidas em laboratório, até a fase de plântula. Nas espécies pioneiras predominam frutos secos, deiscentes, sementes exalbuminosas, pequenas, com estruturas que favorecem a dispersão anemocórica e plântulas com cotilédones finos, foliáceos com tricomas. Nas secundárias tardias os frutos são carnosos com dispersão zoocórica, as sementes são albuminosas e as plântulas possuem cotilédones crassos, foliáceos, e, em alguns casos, também com função de reserva. Nas secundárias iniciais, as características são variáveis. A caracterização morfológica realizada dá subsídio, no contexto da ecologia funcional, à interpretação das diferentes estratégias de estabelecimento das espécies.AbstractMorphology of diaspore and seedling of tree species of the Araucaria forest (Subtropical Ombrophilous Forest) in southern Brazil. This study characterized morphologically the fruits, seeds and seedlings of species of Araucaria Forest, aiming to understand the strategies of establishing different successional groups. Therefore, fruits of 18 tree species were collected in Curitiba, Paraná. Then the seeds were sown in vermiculite and remained in the laboratory until the seedling stage. The pioneer species have predominantly dehiscent dry fruits, unalbuminous seeds, small structures that favor anemochoric dispersal and seedlings with thin cotyledons, foliaceous with trichomes. In late secondary species the fruits are fleshy with zoochorous dispersal, seeds are albuminous and seedlings present fleshy cotyledons, foliaceous, and in some cases also reserve function. In the early secondary species, the characteristics are variable. Morphological characterization allows the interpretation of functional ecology, the different strategies of establishment of species.Keywords: Succession groups; establishment; functional morphology; Mixed Ombrophilous Forest.

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE TÉCNICAS DE NUCLEAÇÃO PARA RESTAURAÇÃO DE ÁREA DEGRADADA NO SUL DO BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzane Bevilacqua Marcuzzo ◽  
Gislene Ganade ◽  
Maristela Machado Araújo ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Degraded Area ◽  
Exotic Vegetation ◽  
Remnant Forest

O desenvolvimento de grandes centros urbanos em áreas naturais resultou na supressão e degradação de florestas. A fim de obter ferramentas para implantação de programas de restauração nessas áreas, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes técnicas nucleadoras sobre os fatores bióticos e abióticos que limitam a regeneração natural, em uma área degradada em remanescente de floresta, no perímetro rural-urbano de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial, composto pelos seguintes tratamentos: Controle (C), Transposição de Solo (TS), Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturados (RT), Transposição de Solo misturado aos Resíduos da Arborização Urbana Triturado (TS+RT) e Poleiros Artificiais. Durante 12 meses, foi avaliada a abundância e riqueza de plântulas estabelecidas, e por sete meses, a chuva de sementes em coletores. Os resultados indicam que a transposição de solo foi o método mais eficiente para restauração da área degradada em estudo. Adicionalmente, a utilização de poleiros artificiais se mostrou eficiente, indicando tendência de aumento da riqueza florística e de sementes dispersas. No entanto, a vegetação exótica da área urbana apresentou forte influência na composição florística, cuja sucessão terá trajetória diferente da vegetação original.Palavras-chave: Nucleação; poleiros artificiais; arborização urbana; transposição de solo.AbstractComparison of nucleation techniques effectiveness for degraded area restoring in Southern Brazil. The development of large urban centers in natural areas resulted in abolition and degradation of forests. In order to obtain tools for restoring programs development in such areas, this study aimed to evaluate efficiency of different nucleus techniques in relation to biotic and abiotic factors which limit natural regeneration in a depressed area of remnant forest in rural-urban perimeter of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in factorial disposition, composed of the following treatments: Control (C), Transposition of Soil (TS), crushed waste of urban afforestation (RT), Transposition of soil mixed to crushed waste of urban afforestation (TS+RT), and artificial perches. During 12 months,  abundance and richness of seedlings laid down were evaluated and for seven months the seed rain in sinks. Results point that the soil transposition was the most efficient method for restoration of the degraded area. Additionally, artificial perches using proved to be efficient, pointing to wealth increase trend and floristic wealth of dispersed seeds. However, the exotic vegetation of the urban area has strong influences on floristic composition, whose succession will have different trajectory of original vegetation.Keywords: Artificial perches; nucleation; urban afforestation; soil transposition. 

scholarly journals BEHAVIOR OF THE DIAMETRIC DISTRIBUTION OF ECOLOGICAL GROUPS IN A MIXED OMBROPHILOUS FOREST FRAGMENT

FLORESTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Schmitz ◽  
Jorge Danilo Zea Camaño ◽  
Ana Paula Dalla Corte ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Probability Functions ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Over Time

The Mixed Ombrophilous Forest is one of the most threatened ecosystems in Brazil. It is thus necessary to understand its dynamics of growth over time so that sustainable use and conservation management strategies be proposed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the behavior of the diametric distribution of two pioneer and non-pioneer ecological groups in a fragment of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest considering four years of evaluations: from 2002 to 2017. Exponential, Gamma, Weber and Weibull 3P density probability functions were adjusted. The diametric behavior of the forest and the ecological groups analyzed remained negative exponentially, being a characteristic of natural forests. The distributions that best adjusted were Weibull 3P for the forest as a whole and for the group of pioneers, and Weber for non-pioneers. We concluded that ecological groups have the same pattern of diametric distribution as the forest as a whole. However, different forest management strategies are necessary considering the intrinsic characteristics of each group.

Floristic composition and vertical zonation of epiphytic bryophytes in Dense Montane Ombrophilous Forest in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Emanuelle Lais dos Santos ◽  
Hermeson Cassiano de Oliveira ◽  
Denilson Fernandes Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Vertical Zonation ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

scholarly journals VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF THE ARBOREAL COMPONENT UNDER REGENERATION PHASE OF A DECIDUOUS FOREST FRAGMENT, SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-791
Author(s):  
Welington Kiffer de Freitas ◽  
Luis Mauro Sampaio Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Regeneration Phase ◽  
Hovenia Dulcis

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the structure (horizontal and vertical) of a Deciduous Forest, located between the municipalities of Piratuba and Ipira (SC). 14.000 m2 of tree communities were analyzed, sub- divided into 14 plots of 10 x 100 m, where all individuals with DBH equal to or greater than 4.0 cm were sampled and identified. For natural regeneration were sampled 560 m2, divided into 14 plots of 10 x 4 m. In the tree strata were sampled 2.125 individuals belonging to 34 families, 80 genera and 113 species with a total density of 1.517 ind.ha-1. Natural regeneration were sampled 196 individuals belonging to 24 families and 49 species with a total density of 3.500 ind. ha-1. Luehea divaricata Mart., Actinostemon concolor (Spreng) Müll. Arg. and Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan had of value of increased importance (7,1%, 7,0 % and 5,3%, respectively). Actinostemon concolor got high value Relative Natural Regeneration (18,1%). The low percentage of natural regeneration of species as Luehea divaricata and Parapiptadenia rigida, respectively 3,7% and 1,5%, typical of EDF , may represent a maintenance commitment in the community. The study revealed the presence of exotic species with invasive potential, as Hovenia dulcis Thumb. These facts point to the importance of the adoption of management measures, since the forest fragment studied is advancing successional terms, however, anthropogenic interference with signals in the floristic composition. These facts point to the importance of the adoption of management measures, since the forest fragment studied is suffering anthropogenic impact, influencing the ecological succession mechanisms.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION IN A DENSE OMBROPHILOUS FOREST AREA UNDER FOREST MANAGEMENT

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Yasmim Andrade Ramos ◽  
Bruno Aurélio Campos Aguiar ◽  
Marcos Vinicius Cardoso Silva ◽  
Renata Elaine Siqueira Matos ◽  
Maria Cristina Bueno Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Dense Ombrophilous Forest

This study shows the phytosociology and floristics of a Dense Ombrophilous Forest fragment under forest management in Portel city, Pará State. Six conglomerates were sampled, divided into secondary and tertiary plots totaling 120 sample units of 0.4 hectares each, in which all trees with diameter at breast height (130 cm above ground; DBH) above 10 cm were measured. These individuals were botanically identified, and evenness and floristic similarity were calculated. There were 3,586 individuals distributed in 42 families, 121 genera, and 174 species. Families Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, and Sapotaceae were the ones that obtained the highest IVI and the highest representativity of individuals. Species Eschweilera coriacea (DC.) S.A.Mori, Vouacapoua americana Aubl., and Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart were the ones with the highest IVI. Among the ten highest results, we highlight Syzygiopsis oppositifolia Ducke and Manilkara dardanoi Ducke, with great potential for timber production. The Shannon diversity index averaged 3.83 between the plots, and the Pielou evenness averaged 0.84, showing that the area presents high floristic diversity and great potential for forest management activities.

scholarly journals Nutritional Efficiency of Forest Species in Natural Regeneration of Tropical Forest in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Roseane Silva ◽  
Ana Feliciano ◽  
Luiz Marangon ◽  
Maria Freire ◽  
Fernando Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Phytosociological Study

The knowledge of the nutritional aspects of native species, mainly in natural regeneration, may be important for understanding their establishment, particularly in areas with low nutrient availability soils, such as tropical soils. This study aimed to determine the biological utilization efficiency (BUE) of the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg of forest species of natural regeneration in a Lowlands Dense Ombrophilous forest fragment in Pernambuco, Brazil. A phytosociological study of the fragment was carried out and were defined the ten species with the highest absolute density (AD). Three individuals per species were selected. The N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents were determined in the sample leaves of the species, and the foliar biomass was determined “in loco”. Nine individuals of each species were collected according to the following diameter intervals at the base (DBs): DBs<5 cm; 5≤DBs<10 cm and 10≤DBs<15 cm. The content, stock and BUE of nutrients were calculated per species. The BUE of nutrients by species varied according to the following decreasing order: P>Mg>K>Ca>N. The highest BUE of nutrients was of the species Protium heptaphyllum. In tropical soils of low natural fertility, the use of these species can be recommended in environmental reforestation projects. The difference in the nutritional demand of the forest species can indicate the planting of those with greater capacity of absorption and BUE of nutrients, being more efficient in areas of soils with low natural fertility like in the tropical forests.

scholarly journals PROGNOSIS OF THE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION AND CARBON STOCK IN A SECONDARY ATLANTIC FOREST BY MARKOV CHAIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Villanova ◽  
Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres ◽  
Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽  
Carlos Pedro Boechat Soares ◽  
Liniker Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Growth and yield modeling at the diameter distribution level is an important tool to understand forest dynamics and to predict whether a forest will act as a CO2 emissions source or sink. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the diameter distribution and carbon stock of a forest fragment using the Markov chain to evaluate the impact of growth dynamics on forest carbon capture. Twenty plots of 10x50m were inventoried, between 2010 and 2015, counting the stems with dbh > 5 cm. Diameter distribution was projected for 2015 and 2020, considering the whole fragment and the ecological groups (pioneer and non-pioneer tree species). The volume was determined using allometric equation while biomass and carbon was determined by multiplying the volume by the basic wood density and the carbon content, respectively. The diameter distribution estimated for the fragment and ecological groups did not differ statistically from the values observed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p-value < 0.05). The number of stems ha-1 estimated in the fragment was from 1,692 in 2015 to 1,841 in 2020. For the pioneer and non-pioneer species, the number of stems ha-1 was from 476 and 1,203 in 2015 to 472 and 1,362 in 2020, respectively. The carbon stock increased 5.69 MgC ha-1, with the greater contribution coming from the non-pioneer species. Therefore, it was concluded that the diameter distribution would remain “J-inverted” and the forest fragment would continue to act as a carbon sink over the coming years.

scholarly journals PASSIVE RESTORATION OF MIXED OMBROPHILOUS FOREST A DECADE AFTER FOREST PLANTATION REMOVAL IN THE SOUTH OF BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Iara Bet Stedille ◽  
Juliano Pereira Gomes ◽  
Newton Clóvis Freitas da Costa ◽  
Oiéler Felipe Vargas ◽  
Lucas Da Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Dispersal Syndromes ◽  
Passive Restoration ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Reference Ecosystem

The objective of this study was to evaluate the floristic composition, diversity and ecological characteristics of riparian forest tree species under passive restoration a decade after removing Pinus and Eucalyptus genus forest plantations and comparing the data to a reference ecosystem. The study was conducted in a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest fragment in the municipality of Ponte Alta, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 30 plots of 200 m² were installed, 15 in the area under passive restoration and 15 in the reference ecosystem, covering the arboreal and regenerating strata. In these areas, rarefied richness, Shannon index, Pielou evenness, floristic dissimilarity, ecological group representativeness and the tree species dispersal syndromes were evaluated. The families with the highest specific richness were: Myrtaceae (14 species) in the reference ecosystem, and Lauraceae (eight species) in the area under passive restoration. Considering the ecological indicators used and the use of the reference ecosystem, it can be considered that the passive restoration after a decade in forest succession proved to be efficient for enlarging the riparian forests in the studied area.

scholarly journals Natural regeneration in a mixed ombrophilous forest remnant in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-183
Author(s):  
Manuela Gazzoni dos Passos ◽  
Geisa Percio do Prado ◽  
Claudia Fontana ◽  
Edilvane Ines Zonta ◽  
Edmilson Bianchini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

The study of forest regeneration allows the diagnosis of conservation status of fragments and estimating population parameters that are essential for management projects. This study evaluated the structure, diversity and dynamics of the tree regenerating component of a remnant of mixed ombrophilous forest, aiming to support management actions for this forest type. The study was developed at the Parque Estadual das Araucárias (PEAR), located in the western region of the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. A total of 100 plots of 25 m2 (0.25 ha) were allocated, all individuals with height ≥ 1.0 m and DBH &lt; 5 cm were sampled. Shannon’s diversity index (H’), Pielou’s equability index (J) and total natural regeneration rate (TNR) were estimated. We sampled 1,425 individuals from 99 species and 39 families, with an estimated total density of 5,700 individuals by hectare. The richest families were Fabaceae (13), Myrtaceae (10) and Lauraceae (7). The H’ was 3.76 and the J was 0.80. The TNR rate ranged from 0.05 to 8.12%, highlighting Trichilia elegans, with the highest rate and Araucaria angustifolia with low potential for natural regeneration. The analysis of the results indicated a high diversity in the regenerating component of the PEAR compared to other studies, probably because the area presents itself as a successional mosaic due to past disturbances.

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