scholarly journals Late Wisconsinan and Holocene development of Grand Lake Meadows area and southern reaches of the Saint John River Valley, New Brunswick, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Broster ◽  
Pamela J. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
River System ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Maximum Phase ◽  
Marine Transgression ◽  
Saint John ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Late Wisconsinan

<p align="LEFT">A 67 m near-continuous stratigraphic core was recovered from drilling at Grand Lake Meadows, located near the junction of Grand Lake and the Saint John River, approximately 40 km south of Fredericton, New Brunswick. From analyses of recovered samples and finite radiocarbon dating, four phases of development of the study site and surrounding environs were identified to have occurred following the Late Wisconsinan glacial maximum. Phase I, related to the formation of the DeGeer Sea, commenced more than 15 000 calyBP from deglaciation accompanied by marine transgression. Phase II began ~14 000 calyBP and continued until approximately ~8000 calyBP during which time there was major isostatic readjustment in the region and formation of a stratified, mostly brackish, ancestral Grand Lake and transformation into a mostly freshwater, Lake Acadia. Phase III began shortly after 8000 calyBP and continued until after 3000 calyBP accompanied by return of the Saint John River to a fluvialdominated system after down-cutting an outlet at the Reversing Falls gorge, and draining much of Lake Acadia. During phase IV, ~3000 calyBP to present, estuarine conditions were initiated as marine water advanced upstream over the Reversing Falls, leading to the development of the modern river system and Grand Lake Meadows.</p>

scholarly journals The Ocean Pout, Zoarces americanus, and the Ocean Sunfish, Mola mola: Additions to the Marine Ichthyofauna of the Lower Saint John River System, New Brunswick, with a Summary of Marine Fish Reported from the Estuary

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald F. McAlpine
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
River System ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Ocean Sunfish ◽  
System A ◽  
Mola Mola ◽  
Saint John ◽  
The Status

Recent records for the Ocean Pout, Zoarces americanus (collected 11 February 2011), and the Ocean Sunfish, Mola mola (photograph taken 24 June 2012), in the lower Saint John River system, New Brunswick, add to the list of marine fishes reported from this oceanographically unique estuary system. A total of 62 species of strictly freshwater, anadromous, catadromous, and marine fishes have now been recorded in the Saint John River system, with 49 of these in the Saint John River sensu stricto. The Acadian Redfish, Sebastes faciatus, a species assessed as threatened by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, appears to be among these. While strictly marine fishes may contribute relatively little to the overall biomass of fishes in the Saint John River system, marine species account for 30.6% of the biodiversity of fishes in the river to date. This suggests that marine fishes may be a more significant component of the ichthyofauna of the lower Saint John River system than is generally recognized.

scholarly journals First record of Eurasian Water-milfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum, for the Saint John River, New Brunswick

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghann Bruce ◽  
Tommi Linnansaari ◽  
R. Allen Curry
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
River System ◽  
First Record ◽  
Large River ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Saint John ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plants

Eurasian Water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) is regarded by conservation practitioners as one of the most challenging invasive aquatic plants to manage. Owing to its broad tolerance to environmental conditions, vegetative propagation, and rapid establishment and growth, M. spicatum introductions have the potential to drastically alter macrophyte species assemblages via a loss of native species and their respective ecosystem functions. Following the discovery of a single specimen of M. spicatum in the Saint John River, near Fredericton, New Brunswick (Canada) we further investigated the localized distribution of this nonindigenous species. Thirteen areas were identified as potential M. spicatum habitat and were surveyed by wading or snorkeling. Specimens of M. spicatum were collected and morphological identifications were verified through genetic analyses (ITS2; rbcLa). The results of our investigation confirm the presence of M. spicatum at six different locations within the Saint John River. Here we discuss the implications of this discovery in the context of the contiguous aquatic habitats along a large river system.

scholarly journals Introduction of Southern White River Crayfish (Procambarus zonangulus) to New Brunswick

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Donald F. McAlpine ◽  
Christopher B. Connell ◽  
Pamela D. Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
River System ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
White River ◽  
The Third ◽  
Saint John ◽  
Native Crayfish ◽  
First Time ◽  
Privately Owned

Southern White River Crayfish (Procambarus zonangulus), an aquatic, potentially invasive species, is documented from New Brunswick for the first time. It was found in a small, privately owned, lake in the Saint John River system that was apparently stocked for recreational purposes with non-native fish and the crayfish. Procambarus zonangulus has successfully overwintered at the site for at least a year and, more likely, for several years. This is the third species of non-native crayfish recorded in New Brunswick, joining Spiny-cheeked Crayfish (Faxonius limosus) and Virile Crayfish (Faxonius virilis). This is also the first persisting introduction for the genus Procambarus in Canada of which we are aware.

scholarly journals The Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas, in New Brunswick

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale J. Hood ◽  
Rudolph F. Stocek
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
River System ◽  
Saint John

A second record for the occurrence of the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) in New Brunswick, the first for the southwest portion of the province, is reported. This is the first documented occurrence of the species in the province in 44 years, and the first indication that the Fathead Minnow occurs outside the upper Saint John River system in New Brunswick.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina chinensis (Gray, 1834) (Mollusca: Viviparidae) in the Saint John River system, New Brunswick, with review of status in Atlantic Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald McAlpine ◽  
Dwayne Lepitzki ◽  
Frederick Schueler ◽  
Fenning McAlpine ◽  
Andrew Hebda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
River System ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Saint John ◽  
Chinese Mystery Snail

scholarly journals Human- and climate-induced changes of mollusc assemblages of millpond deposits in the valley of Jarosławianka Stream (Poland)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-325
Author(s):  
Joanna Pietruczuk ◽  
Adam Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Mollusc Assemblages ◽  
Induced Changes

Deposits from a millpond in the Jarosławianka Stream valley (Sławno Plain, NW. Poland) were subject to malacological analysis in order to reconstruct the history of environmental transformations of the pond from its establishment in 1351 to the end of its functioning in 1960. Thirty five mollusc taxa occurred in the pond during its functioning: 21 taxa of water snails, 11 bivalves, and 3 terrestrial snails. Six phases of development of the pond were distinguished, based on the mollusc assemblages: phase I (1351–1450 CE) – very favourable habitat conditions, high species richness and diversity; phase II (1450–1490 CE) – deterioration of habitat conditions – decrease in the number of species and individuals; phase III (1490–1590 CE) – improving conditions and reappearance of species which had occurred in the pond in phase I; phase IV (1590–1750 CE) – the least favourable conditions and poor malacofauna in terms of species number and abundance; phase V (1750–1790 CE) – renewed development of the malacofauna; phase VI (after 1790 CE) – end of functioning of the pond. The phases of pond development were associated with hydrological transformations, resulting from climatic factors and human economic activity.

Limitations of Adaptive Clinical Trials

2012 ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Buyse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Adaptive Designs ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Adaptive Clinical Trials ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
New Treatments

Overview: Adaptive designs are aimed at introducing flexibility in clinical research by allowing important characteristics of a trial to be adapted during the course of the trial based on data coming from the trial itself. Adaptive designs can be used in all phases of clinical research, from phase I to phase III. They tend to be especially useful in early development, when the paucity of prior data makes their flexibility a key benefit. The need for adaptive designs lessened as new treatments progress to later phases of development, when emphasis shifts to confirmation of hypotheses using fully prespecified, well-controlled designs.

Bewegungstherapie und körperliche Aktivität bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz

Praxis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Körperliche Aktivität ◽  
Phase Iii

Zusammenfassung. Herzinsuffizienz ist ein klinisches Syndrom mit unterschiedlichen Ätiologien und Phänotypen. Die überwachte Bewegungstherapie und individuelle körperliche Aktivität ist bei allen Formen eine Klasse-IA-Empfehlung in aktuellen Leitlinien. Eine Bewegungstherapie kann unmittelbar nach Stabilisierung einer akuten Herzinsuffizienz im Spital begonnen werden (Phase I). Sie kann nach Entlassung in einem stationären oder ambulanten Präventions- und Rehabilitationsprogramm fortgesetzt werden (Phase II). Typische Elemente sind Ausdauer-, Kraft- und Atemtraining. Die Kosten werden von der Krankenversicherung für drei bis sechs Monate übernommen. In erfahrenen Zentren können auch Patienten mit implantierten Defibrillatoren oder linksventrikulären Unterstützungssystemen trainieren. Wichtiges Ziel der Phase II ist neben muskulärer Rekonditionierung auch die Steigerung der Gesundheitskompetenz, um die Langzeit-Adhärenz bezüglich körperlicher Aktivität zu verbessern. In Phase III bieten Herzgruppen Unterstützung.

Improving Coded Data Entry by an Electronic Patient Record System

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Puerner ◽  
H. Soltanian ◽  
J. H. Hohnloser
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Electronic Patient Record ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Discharge Summary ◽  
Patient Record ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Electronic Patient Record System ◽  
Record System ◽  
Data Encoding ◽  
Discharge Summaries

AbstractData are presented on the use of a browsing and encoding utility to improve coded data entry for an electronic patient record system. Traditional and computerized discharge summaries were compared: during three phases of coding ICD-9 diagnoses phase I, no coding; phase II, manual coding, and phase III, computerized semiautomatic coding. Our data indicate that (1) only 50% of all diagnoses in a discharge summary are encoded manually; (2) using a computerized browsing and encoding utility this percentage may increase by 64%; (3) when forced to encode manually, users may “shift” as much as 84% of relevant diagnoses from the appropriate coding section to other sections thereby “bypassing” the need to encode, this was reduced by up to 41 % with the computerized approach, and (4) computerized encoding can improve completeness of data encoding, from 46 to 100%. We conclude that the use of a computerized browsing and encoding tool can increase data quality and the percentage of documented data. Mechanisms bypassing the need to code can be avoided.

Inhibition kinetics for propionate degradation using propionate-enriched mixed cultures

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Hyun ◽  
J. C. Young ◽  
I. S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Inhibition Kinetics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Propionate Degradation ◽  
Acetate Utilization ◽  
Velocity Coefficient

To study propionate inhibition kinetics, seed cultures for the experiment were obtained from a propionate-enriched steady-state anaerobic Master Culture Reactor (MCR) operated under a semi-continuous mode for over six months. The MCR received a loading of 1.0 g propionate COD/l-day and was maintained at a temperature of 35±1°C. Tests using serum bottle reactors consisted of four phases. Phase I tests were conducted for measurement of anaerobic gas production as a screening step for a wide range of propionate concentrations. Phase II was a repeat of phase I but with more frequent sampling and detailed analysis of components in the liquid sample using gas chromatography. In phase III, different concentrations of acetate were added along with 1.0 g propionate COD/l to observe acetate inhibition of propionate degradation. Finally in phase IV, different concentrations of propionate were added along with 100 and 200 mg acetate/l to confirm the effect of mutual inhibition. Biokinetic and inhibition coefficients were obtained using models of Monod, Haldane, and Han and Levenspiel through the use of non-linear curve fitting technique. Results showed that the values of kp, maximum propionate utilization rate, and Ksp, half-velocity coefficient for propionate conversion, were 0.257 mg HPr/mg VSS-hr and 200 mg HPr/l, respectively. The values of kA, maximum acetate utilization rate, and KsA, half-velocity coefficient for acetate conversion, were 0.216 mg HAc/mg VSS-hr and 58 mg HAc/l, respectively. The results of phase III and IV tests indicated there was non-competitive inhibition when the acetate concentration in the reactor exceeded 200 mg/l.

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