Genetic parameters for production and feeding behaviour traits in crossbred steers fed a finishing diet at different ages

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obioha N. Durunna ◽  
Fidalis D. N. Mujibi ◽  
Donald J. Nkrumah ◽  
John A. Basarab ◽  
Erasmus K. Okine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Durunna, O. N., Mujibi, F. D. N., Nkrumah, D. J., Basarab, J. A., Okine, E. K., Moore, S. S. and Wang, Z. 2013. Genetic parameters for production and feeding behaviour traits in crossbred steers fed a finishing diet at different ages. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 79–87. Because cattle can be raised postweaning under several feeding regimes, this study examined the consistency of phenotypic and genetic parameters of some production and feeding behaviour traits between two feeding periods that beef cattle received a finisher diet. Crossbred steers (n=851) were used for feeding trials from 2002 to 2009 where the steers received a finisher diet either during the fall–winter season (FP1) or during the winter–spring season (FP2). The steers evaluated in FP2 received a backgrounding diet in FP1. Traits examined include dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain: feed ratio (G:F), residual feed intake (RFI), and ultrasound measures of backfat thickness (UBF), rib-eye area (UREA) and marbling (UMB). Others include feeding duration (FD), headdown time (HDT) and feeding frequency (FF). As expected, there was no difference (P=0.90) between the RFI measured in the two periods. The two periods were similar for UBF (P=0.87) and UREA (P=0.25),while DMI, ADG and UMB were greater (P<0.04) in FP2 than in FP1. The FD, HDT and FF were greater (P<0.0001) in FP1 compared with FP2. Heritability estimates were calculated in FP1 and FP2, respectively, for ADG (0.38, 0.28), DMI (0.52, 0.42), RFI (0.16, 0.27), G:F (0.18, 0.33), HDT (0.35, 0.18) and FF (0.26, 0.46). More importantly, genetic correlations between FP1 and FP2 were estimated for DMI (0.61), RFI (0.65) and G:F (0.60). The results may indicate the influence of age or feeding period or both on these traits, which may suggest the need for multi-environment genetic evaluations to identify superior animals.

HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. JEFFRIES ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

scholarly journals (Co)variance components and genetic parameters for growth rate and Kleiber ratio in fat-tailed Mehraban sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ghafouri-Kesbi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Kleiber Ratio ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Maternal Heritability

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for average daily gain from birth to weaning (ADGa), weaning to 6 months (ADGb), weaning to 9 months (ADGc), 6 months to 9 months (ADGd) and corresponding Kleiber ratios (KRa, KRb, KRc and KRd) in Mehraban sheep. A derivative-free algorithm combined with a series of six univariate linear animal models was used to estimate phenotypic variance and its direct, maternal and residual components. In addition, bivariate analyses were done to estimate (co)variance components between traits. Estimates of direct heritability (h2) were 0.10, 0.11, 0.16, 0.09, 0.13, 0.13, 0.15 and 0.08 for ADGa, ADGb, ADGc, ADGd, KRa, KRb, KRc and KRd, respectively and indicate that in Mehraban sheep genes contribute very little to the variance of the growth rate and Kleiber ratio. Estimates of maternal heritability (m2) were 0.10, 0.08 and 0.05 for ADGa, KRa and KRb, respectively. Direct additive genetic correlations ranged from −0.32 (KRa-KRd) to 0.99 (ADGb-KRb) and phenotypic correlations ranged from −0.53 (ADGa- ADGd) to 0.99 (ADGa-KRa). Estimates of direct heritability and genetic correlations show that genetic improvement in efficiency of feed utilization through selection programmes is possible, though it would generate a relatively slow genetic progress.

Genetic parameter estimations and genomic insights for teat and udder structure in young and mature Canadian Angus cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Devani ◽  
J J Crowley ◽  
G Plastow ◽  
K Orsel ◽  
T S Valente
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Abstract Poor teat and udder structure, frequently associated with older cows, impact cow production and health, as well as calf morbidity and mortality. However, producer culling, for reasons including age, production, feed availability, and beef markets, creates a bias in teat and udder scores assessed and submitted to the Canadian Angus Association for genetic evaluations towards improved mammary structure. In addition, due to the infancy of the reporting program, repeated scores are rare. Prior to adoption of genetic evaluations for teat and udder scores in Canadian Angus cattle, it is imperative to verify that teat and udder scores from young cows are the same trait as teat and udder scores estimated on mature cows. Genetic parameters for teat and udder scores from all cows (n=4,192), and then from young cows (parity 1 and 2) and from mature cows (parity ≥ 4) were estimated using a single trait animal model. Genetic correlations for the traits between the two cow age groups were estimated using a two-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability (PSD) were 0.32 (0.07) and 0.45 (0.07) for young teat and udder score, and 0.27 (0.07) and 0.31 (0.07) for mature teat and udder score, respectively. Genetic correlation (PSD) between the young and mature traits was 0.87 (0.13) for teat score and 0.40 (0.17) for udder score. GWAS were used to further explore the genetic and biological commonalities and differences between the two groups. Although there were no genes in common for the two udder scores, 12 genes overlapped for teat score in the two cow age groups. Interestingly, there were also 23 genes in common between teat and udder scores in mature cows. Based on these findings, it is recommended that producers collect teat and udder score on their cow herd annually.

Genetic parameters for growth and carcass traits of Japanese Black (Wagyu) cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Oikawa ◽  
T. Sanehira ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
Y. Mizoguchi ◽  
H. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pooled Data

AbstractRestricted maximum likelihood analyses fitting an animal model were conducted to estimate genetic parameters with a pooled-data set of performance tests (growth traits and food intake) on 661 bulls and progeny tests (growth traits and carcass traits) on 535 steers. Traits studied included concentrate intake (CONC), roughage intake (ROU), TDN conversion (TCNV), TDN intake (TINT) of bulls; rib eye area (REA), marbling score (MARB), dressing proportion (DRES) and subcutaneous fat depth (SCF) of steers. Body weight at start (BWS), body weight at finish (BWF) and average daily gain (ADG) of all animals were measured. Estimated heritabilities were 0·18 (CONC), 0·71 (ROU), 0·11 (TCNV) and 0·36 (TINT); 0·02 (REA), 0·49 (MARB), 0·15 (DRES), 0·15 (SCF), and from 0·20 to 0·38 for growth traits. Genetic correlations of ROU were different from those of CONC, probably due to inconsistent restrictions on concentrate intake; those of TINT with the weights, ADG and SCF were high. MARB showed positive genetic correlations with growth traits and low correlations with TINT and SCF. High potentiality for improvement of marbling score was suggested.

The genetic foundation of fitness and reproduction traits in Australian pig populations. 2. Relationships between weaning to conception interval, farrowing interval, stayability, and other common reproduction and production traits.

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Tholen ◽  
KL Bunter ◽  
S Hermesch ◽  
HU Graser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Daily Gain

Data sets from 2 large Australian piggeries were used to estimate genetic parameters for the traits weaning to conception interval (WCIi-l,i) and farrowing interval (FIi-l,i), number born alive (NBAI), average piglet birthweight (BWi), 21-day litter weight (W21i), and sow stayability (STAYli) recorded for each ith parity, as well as sow average daily gain (ADG) and backfat (BF) recorded at the end of performance test. Over parities and herds, heritabilities for each trait were in the ranges: WCI/FI, 0.0-0.10; NBA, 0.09-0.16; BW, 0.11-0.35; W21, 0.12-0.23; STAYli, 0.02-0.09; ADG, 0.35-0.37; BF, 0.36-0.45. Genetic correlations between NBAl and NBA from later parities were significantly different from 1. In addition, in 1 herd negative genetic correlations (rg = -0.04 to -0.25) were found between sow stayability traits and NBA1, but not NBA recorded in later parities. Stayability was Unfavourably correlated with ADG and BF, and favourably correlated with WCI12. However, WCI12 was unfavourably correlated genetically with BF (rg = -0.24) but uncorrelated with ADG. Antagonistic relationships also existed between NBA and BW, NBA and W21, and BW and STAY. In addition to the traditional traits currently included in pig-breeding programs (e.g. ADG, BF, and NBA), traits such as WCI, BW, and STAY should also be considered as selection criteria to minimise the detrimental effects of antagonistic genetic relationships between traits.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters for direct and maternal effects on growth traits of sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ghafouri-Kesbi ◽  
H. Baneh
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to estimate (co)variance components and corresponding genetic parameters for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), 6-month weight (W6), 9-month weight (W9), average daily gain from birth to weaning (WWDG), average daily gain from weaning to 6 months (W6DG) and average daily gain from 6 months to 9 months (W9DG) for a nucleus flock of Iranian Makooei sheep. Genetic parameters were estimated by REML procedure fitting six animal models including various combinations of maternal effects. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to determine the most appropriate model. Estimates of direct heritability (h2) ranged from 0.13 (W6DG) to 0.32 (BW). Maternal effects were found to be important in the growth performance of the Makooei sheep, indicating the necessity of including maternal effects in the model to obtain accurate estimates of direct heritability. Estimates of maternal heritability (m2) ranged from 0.05 (W6) to 0.16 (WWDG) and the estimates of proportion of maternal permanent environmental variance to phenotypic variance (c2) were in the range between 0.05 (BW) and 0.10 (W6). Direct additive genetic correlations were positive in all cases and ranged from 0.00 (BW/W9DG) to 0.99 (WW/WWDG). Phenotypic correlations showed a broad range from −0.27 (WW/W9DG) to 0.99 (WW/WWDG). Estimates of genetic parameters showed that genetic improvement through selection programs is possible. WW would be a suitable selection criterion since it has acceptable direct heritability and relatively high genetic correlation with other traits.

scholarly journals Age-related Trends in Genetic Parameters for Jack Pine and Their Implications for Early Selection

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 242-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Weng ◽  
K. J. Tosh ◽  
Y. S. Park ◽  
M. S. Fullarton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Rotation Age

Abstract Trends in genetic parameters for height growth of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) were examined over three series of family tests throughout New Brunswick. Data were analyzed for each site and across sites within each series. Although individual narrow sense heritability estimates from single-site analyses varied substantially from site to site and showed no consistent age-related pattern, the estimates from across-site analyses showed an increasing trend to age 20. Similar as individual narrow sense heritability, the coefficient of additive genetic variance estimated from single site showed more variation than those estimated from across site analyses. Age-age (type-a) genetic correlations for height were high and could be well predicted by a LAR2 model, where LAR is the natural logarithm of the ratio between two ages at assessment. Type-b genetic correlations were high and of similar magnitude at different ages. Genetic correlations between height at different ages and volume at one-half rotation age were generally high. Taking the volume at one-half rotation age as the target trait, the selection for target trait from early selection at ages 5~7 could be more efficient per year than direct selection.

scholarly journals Genetische Beziehungen für das Merkmal Lebenstagszunahme in einem Dreirassenkreuzungsprogramm beim Schwein

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
R. Fischer ◽  
U. Müller ◽  
U. Bergfeld
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Large White ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

Abstract. Title of the paper: Genetic association for daily gain (lifetime) in an crossbreeding program The aim of this investigation is an analysis of the crossing structure of a three-race crossing program and the genetic relations with respect to the trait average daily gain. For this purpose we examine the genetic relations for their usefulness for a estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values. Finally a parameter estimation is carried out. The data basis consists of 1757 German Large White performances, 34980 Landrace performances and 2775 Pietrain performances in pure breed as well as 92757 performances of the crossings of the mother lines and altogether 13854 Pietrain crossings (1997 PI x DL and 11857 PI x DEDL). The heritabilities for the variable daily gain are in the range from 0.17 to 0.31. The genetic correlations between the mother races and their crossbreedings are around 0.9. Between the pure Pietrain and the Pietrain crossings these values reach only 0.7. Within the two groups of crossings with Pietrains the genetic correlations are almost one. From the genetic point of view it is possible to put together the mother races and their crossings as well as the Pietrain crossings. Thus, for this trait it is sufficient to consider a three variable model with separate investigation of the mother races, the Pietrains and the Pietrain crossings.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and predicted response to selection for lean growth in an Australian commercial nucleus pig herd

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hong Nguyen ◽  
Cam P. McPhee ◽  
Claire M. Wade ◽  
Brian G. Luxford
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

Genetic parameters for performance traits in a pig population were estimated using a multi-trait derivative-free REML algorithm. The 2590 total data included 922 restrictively fed male and 1668 ad libitum fed female records. Estimates of heritability (standard error in parentheses) were 0.25 (0.03), 0.15 (0.03), and 0.30 (0.05) for lifetime daily gain, test daily gain, and P2-fat depth in males, respectively; and 0.27 (0.04) and 0.38 (0.05) for average daily gain and P2-fat depth in females, respectively. The genetic correlation between P2-fat depth and test daily gain in males was –0.17 (0.06) and between P2-fat and lifetime average daily gain in females 0.44 (0.09). Genetic correlations between sexes were 0.71 (0.11) for average daily gain and –0.30 (0.10) for P2-fat depth. Genetic response per standard deviation of selection on an index combining all traits was predicted at $AU120 per sow per year. Responses in daily gain and backfat were expected to be higher when using only male selection than when using only female selection. Selection for growth rate in males will improve growth rate and carcass leanness simultaneously.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters for weight, morphometry and oviposition of Africanized honeybee queens using simulated data

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1959-1964
Author(s):  
E.H. Martins ◽  
G. Tarôco ◽  
G.A. Rovadoscki ◽  
M.H.V. Oliveira ◽  
G.B. Mourão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for simulated data of body weight (BW), abdominal width (AW), abdominal length (AL), and oviposition. Simulation was performed based on real data collected at apiaries in the region of Campo das Vertentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Genetic evaluations were performed using single- and two-trait models and (co)variance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The heritability for BW, AW, AL and oviposition were 0.54, 0.47, 0.31 and 0.66, respectively. Positive genetic correlations of high magnitude were obtained between BW and AW (0.80), BW and oviposition (0.69), AW and oviposition (0.82), and AL and oviposition (0.96). The genetic correlations between BW and AL (0.11) and between AW and AL (0.26) were considered moderate and low. In contrast, the phenotypic correlations were positive and high between BW and AW (0.97), BW and AL (0.96), and AW and AL (0.98). Phenotypic correlations of low magnitude and close to zero were obtained for oviposition with AL (0.02), AW (-0.02), and BW (-0.03). New studies involving these characteristics should be conducted on populations with biological data in order to evaluate the impact of selection on traits of economic interest.

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