COMBINING ABILITY FOR KERNEL PLUMPNESS IN A DIALLEL CROSS OF FIVE CANADIAN BARLEY CULTIVARS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

A complete diallel cross of Bonanza, Conquest, Galt, Jubilee, and Olli barley was made and the parents, F1 and F2 bulks, were subjected to a kernel-sizing procedure, using five different standard sieves. Mean values for the P, F1, and F2 were obtained and heritabilities and estimates of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were calculated. Reciprocal effects were not significant in either F1 or F2. For the F1 data significant differences could only be found on the 19 × 2.4-mm (3/4 × 6/64-inch) sieve. Only GCA was significant for the F1, suggesting additive gene action. By contrast, in the F2 GCA was highly significant for all sieve sizes from 19 × 2.2 mm (3/4 × 11/128 inch) upwards, and SCA was significant on those of size 19 × 2.4 mm (3/4 × 6/64 inch) upwards. For the F2 on the 2.4-mm (6/64-inch) screen, the SCA effect exceeded the GCA effect in magnitude, and was in a negative direction, contributing to the two cases of negative heterosis for kernel plumpness. No significant positive heterosis was found in F2, and F2 bulks were normally intermediate in value to their parents. The amount of SCA effect was unrelated to the degree of similarity of the parents by pedigree, or to whether they were malting or feed types. Bonanza, Conquest, and Jubilee were significantly plumper than Galt and Olli, and Olli transmitted its less plump kernel type to the F2 generation, as indicated by its large negative GCA effect. None of the other cultivars exhibited significant GCA effects. Little progress in increasing kernel plumpness can be expected from crosses between these cultivars, as heritabilities were also generally low.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis on yield and its component traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZA Talukder ◽  
ANM S Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
M Amiruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Kernel Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 7×7 half diallel cross in maize for grain yield and yield contributing characters. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were observed for all the characters studied. The significant estimates of GCA and SCA variances suggested the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression studied traits. In these studies, variances due to SCA were higher than GCA for all charactesr, which revealed the predominance of non additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) for controlling these traits. Parents P1 and P4 were excellent general combiner for days to tasseling and silking while P1 and P5 for early maturity. P4 for short height and, P4 and P7 for higher thousand kernel weight. The parents P4 and P6 having good combining abilities for yield. Heterosis estimation was carried out using two commercial varieties NK40 and 900MG. When standard commercial check NK40 was used, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -51.39 to 12.53%. Among the 21 F1s, 3crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis was exhibited by the cross P4×P6 (12.43%), P6×P7 (10.89%) and P2×P3 (9.87%) respectively. Compared with 900MG as check, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -53.73 to 7.01%. Among the 21 F1s, none of the crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis were exhibited by the crosses P4×P6 (7.01%), P6 x P7 (5.55%) and P2×P3 (4.57%). The crosses showed significant positive SCA values could be used for variety development after verifying them across the agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 565-577, September 2016

INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND OTHER QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN BRASSICA NAPUS VAR. NAPOBRASSICA

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Grant ◽  
Patricia M. Harney ◽  
B. R. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis

Highly significant positive heterosis was found for root length, diameter and fresh weight in F1 hybrids derived in a seven-parent diallel cross of commercially available cultivars of Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica Mill. Significant general combining ability and specific combining ability effects and a preponderance of additive gene action were also noted for root length, diameter and fresh weight. The inheritance of these three traits is thought to be conditioned by additivity at the majority of loci and partial dominance at the remaining ones. Heritability estimates ranged from 0% for dry matter to 26% for root diameter.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Kernel Zinc in Hybrids of Elite Quality Protein Maize (QPM) and Non-QPM Inbred Lines Adapted to the Tropics Based on a Mating Design

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna K. Mageto ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
Thanda Dhliwayo ◽  
Natalia Palacios-Rojas ◽  
Félix San Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
The Tropics

Genetic improvement of maize with elevated levels of zinc (Zn) can reduce Zn deficiency among populations who rely on maize as a staple. Inbred lines of quality protein maize (QPM) and non-QPM with elevated Zn levels in the kernel have been identified. However, information about the optimal strategy to utilize the germplasm in breeding for high-Zn concentration is lacking. As a preliminary step, this study was conducted to ascertain the potential of QPM, non-QPM, or a combination of QPM and non-QPM hybrids for attaining desirable Zn concentration. Twenty elite inbreds, 10 QPM and 10 non-QPM, were crossed according to a modified mating design to generate hybrids, which were evaluated in four environments in Mexico during 2015 and 2016 in order to evaluate their merits as parents of hybrids. The highest mean values of Zn were observed when high-Zn QPM lines were crossed with high-Zn non-QPM lines. Hybrids with high Zn and grain yield were identified. General combining ability (GCA) effects for Zn concentration were more preponderant than specific combining ability (SCA) effects, suggesting the importance of additive gene action for the inheritance of Zn.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
HZ Raihan ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
M Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment on combining ability was carried out with 21 crosses produced from 7×7 diallel cross without reciprocal for grain yield and yield contributing characters in maize. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that mean square (MS) due to GCA & SCA were highly significant for all characters except GCA in plant height, cob length and 1000 grain weight and SCA in maturity and row/cob indicated that all but mentioned traits were governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Variances due to GCA were higher for all characters except thousand grain weight revealed that the predominance of additive gene action for all characters except thousand grain weight. Parent CML 487 and Ki 21 were the best general combiner for yield and most of the yield contributing characters. Parent BMZ 57 & BMZ 15 were the best general combiner for dwarf & earliness in plant. Among all the crosses CML 473 × Ki 21, CML 487 × Ki 21 and CML 429 × BIL 182 exhibited significant positive SCA effect for grain yield. The cross CML 429 × BIL 182 may be considered as the best cross with recorded significant mean value and desired SCA for traits like 1000 grain weight, yield (t/ha), days to 50% pollen shedding, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height and days to maturity. The promising single crosses with significant and positive SCA could be used for variety development after verifying them across locations. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 253-259, June 2019

A STUDY OF COMBINING ABILITY FOR GRAIN PROTEIN PERCENTAGE IN A DIALLEL CROSS OF FIVE SIX-ROW BARLEY CULTIVARS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross

Grain protein percentage was assessed in F1 and F2 populations in two experiments involving a complete diallel cross among the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars Bonanza, Conquest, Olli, Galt and Jubilee. Heterosis was absent in all crosses and a Griffing combining ability analysis showed that specific combining ability was nonsignificant in both F1 and F2 populations. General combining ability (GCA) for protein percentage was highly significant in both generations, with Conquest and Olli having major positive GCA effects. Galt produced a large negative GCA effect, while Jubilee and Bonanza caused small negative GCA effects. Significant differences between the hybrids were found only in F1. Broad sense heritabilities for protein differences between the parents were 0.57 and 0.72 in the two experiments, and were significant at the 5 and 1% levels of significance, respectively. Conquest had significantly higher protein than Bonanza, with Olli being intermediate. Galt had lower protein than Jubilee, but this difference was significant in only one experiment. The differences among the five cultivars for mean grain protein percentage and general combining ability are significant in relation to breeding for malting and feed type barleys.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND COMPONENT CHARACTERS IN WHITE GRAIN QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
A. Ahmed ◽  
M. Amiruzzaman ◽  
S. Begum ◽  
M.M. Billah ◽  
M. M. Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
White Grain ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Combining ability for yield and yield components were carried out in a 8×8 diallel cross of white grain quality protein maize (QPM) to determine the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of the crosses. Significant mean sum of squares due to GCA and SCA were observed for all the characters studied. Higher magnitude of SCA variance than GCA variance clearly indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action for all the traits. The parental lines P4, P7 and Q6 were found to be the best general combiner for yield components and these parents could be used as donor parents in hybridization to improve traits like days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, grains per ear and 1000 grain weight by accumulation of favorable genes. The significant positive SCA along with high mean yield, the crosses Q5 × P7, P7× Q6 and P7× Q2 could be used for commercial variety development, after verifying their performance over locations.

Heterosis and combining ability for yield and other agronomic traits in Triticale

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Ferrari ◽  
Aurora Picca ◽  
Rodolfo Domínguez ◽  
Héctor Paccapelo
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Cross System

Abstract The estimation of genetic parameters such as heterosis (Mh), heterobeltiosis (Hh), general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) allows inferences about the predominant action of the genes, indicates the appropriate selection strategy, and facilitates identification of the best parents. The present study was carried out using a diallel cross system among five genotypes of Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmak). Genotypes CIMMYT 829 (G1), CIMMYT 830 (G2), CIMMYT 834 (G3), CIMMYT 820 (G4) and Antonio UNLPam (G5) were crossed in a complete diallel combination without reciprocal crosses, in La Pampa, Argentina. The additive genetic effects were of greater importance than the nonadditive ones for the following traits: spike length (SL), days to anthesis (AD), spikelets per spike (SS); grains per spike (GS), 1000-kernel weight (1000-KW), grain yield (GY), test weight (TW) and harvest index (HI). The G1 and G4 parents showed better GCA for GY, HI, 1000-KW and SL indicating a greater contribution of additive gene action and a promising feature to obtain prominent recombination lines. The G1xG4 cross showed Hh and a significant SCA value for GY, indicating a greater contribution of the non-additive gene action, useful to develop hybrids.

scholarly journals Genetic effects on seed quality in diallel crosses of popcorn

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Diego Silva Cabral ◽  
Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
Juliana Saltires Santos ◽  
Ismael Lourenço de Jesus Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
The Ideal

The failure to obtain the ideal stand is one of the causes of decreased crop yields, in this sense it is important to investigate the genetic effects related to seed quality. The aim of this study was to measure the general combining ability (GCA), the specific combining ability (SCA) and the reciprocal effects (RE) for popcorn seed quality in addition to evaluate the association between germination and vigor tests with field emergencein order to identify hybrids with better germination and vigour. Ten inbred lines were evaluated using a complete diallel cross with reciprocals. Seed quality was measured by germination tests (GT) and by modified cold vigour tests (MCV). In the GT, the numbers of strong normal seedlings (SNS), weak normal (WNS), abnormal (AS) and ungerminated seeds (UGS) were counted. In the MCV, the numbers of normal seedlings (NPC), abnormal (ASC) and ungerminated seeds (UGSC) were counted, and the plants' dry matter (DM) was measured. Analysis of variance for GCA, SCA and RE were significant for all variables. The quadratic components for SCA were higher than those for GCA for the SNS, AS, UGS, ASC and UGSC traits, which indicates higher significance for the non-additive effects. The most favourable GCA estimates, were found in lines P3 and L70. The best hybrids were P1xL70, P3xP6 and P8xL70. The RE results showed that L70 and P3 should be used as the female parent in the P1xL70 and P3xP6 hybrid crosses, respectively. The MCV was the test that was most strongly correlated with field emergence, with a magnitude of 0.667.

scholarly journals General and Specific Combining Ability in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for Seed Yield and Related Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
S. H. Prakash ◽  
Tapash Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability study on seed yield per plant from a 7x 7 half-diallel cross of sesame over two years showed that both general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) variances important for controlling the traits. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the gene action and select appropriate parents/crosses using combining ability analysis. Both additive and non additive was of greater significance for seed yield per plant, capsules per plant, days to flowering and oil content. Non additive genetic variances were in the genetic for 1000 seed weight and branches per plant. On the contrary preponderance of additive genetic was found in the inheritance of capsule length and seeds per capsule. The relative magnitude non-additive year interaction was larger than additive x year interaction. The variety Suprava was the best general combiner for seed yield and its major components except oil content. The cross combinations Suprava x Savitri, Suprava x JLT 408 and EC 90 x Savitri would be the best choices for obtaining desirable recombinants. Suprava x Savitri having additive gene control emerged as the best specific combiner for yield and its components except oil content. For improving seed yield and oil content simultaneously, the specific combiner IC 59 x Savitri was identified to be ideal as this cross mostly controlled by additive gene action and hence desirable recombinants can be obtained in early segregating generation. Breeding strategy for different crosses has been discussed in details. The information could help sesame breeders for appropriate selection of parents with high yield potential and oil content to develop future hybridization programs.

scholarly journals Combining ability between common bean gene groups for root distribution trait

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Cerutti ◽  
Sibila Grigolo ◽  
Rita Carolina de Melo ◽  
Ana Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze ◽  
Altamir Frederico Guidolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Gene Group ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Additive Gene

ABSTRACT When different gene groups are combined by hybridization, the expression of predominant genes for a trait must be known. This understanding is fundamental to the decisions made by breeders in the stages of cultivation and selection of segregating populations during the breeding program. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of combining ability and gene action for the root distribution traits of the Andean and Mesoamerican common bean gene groups. Six common bean parents from the Andean and Mesoamerican groups were hybridized in a complete diallel mating scheme, resulting in 30 F1 hybrids. The parents and hybrids were planted in the field in a simple lattice design. The target trait was root distribution, calculated as the relative number of roots in the topsoil. The effect of the general combining ability was significantly higher than that of the specific combining ability (58%) and the reciprocal effect (41%). Particularly, the combination estimates were modified according to the order of the gene groups used. The combinations IPR Uirapuru x BAF53 (Mesoamerican x Andean), BAF53 x CBS14 (Andean x Andean), and CBS14 x IPR Uirapuru (Andean x Mesoamerican) mainly exhibited an increase in the mean root distribution. However, the highest fraction of genetic variance correlated with additive components (60%), even in crosses involving different gene groups. Consequently, the additive gene action was predominant in the expression of root distribution trait in common bean, irrespective of the gene group used.

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