LOCATION AND ACTIVITY OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN DEVELOPING WHEAT KERNELS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PRESTON ◽  
J. KRUGER
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Endogenous Protease ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Wheat Kernels ◽  
Neutral Proteases ◽  
Days After Anthesis

The activities of proteolytic enzymes hydrolyzing hemoglobin and azocasein were followed during the development of a hard red spring wheat cultivar. Hemoglobin and azocasein degrading activity in the outer kernel layers (pericarp, green layer and aleurone) increased until approximately 24 days after anthesis and then declined rapidly. In contrast, hemoglobin degrading activity in the endosperm increased to a maximum level at maturity. Carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography, of whole and dissected kernel extracts at various stages of development, separated the hemoglobin-degrading enzymes into two "acidic" and two "neutral" components. The acidic proteases were found mainly in the outer kernel layers, while the neutral proteases were endosperm specific. Results also indicated the presence of low and possibly high molecular weight endogenous protease inhibitors.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Responsive to Drought and Low Temperature Stress in a Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryke Labuschagne ◽  
Stefania Masci ◽  
Silvio Tundo ◽  
Vera Muccilli ◽  
Rosaria Saletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Hmw Glutenin ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

Drought stress is becoming more prevalent with global warming, and has been shown to have large effects on gluten proteins linked to wheat bread making quality. Likewise, low temperature stress can detrimentally affect proteins in wheat. This study was done to determine the differential abundance of high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin proteins in a drought and low temperature stressed high quality hard red spring wheat cultivar (PAN3478), against a control. The treatments were applied in the greenhouse at the soft dough stage. HMW glutenin proteins were extracted from the flour, and were separated by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein spots that had p values lower than 0.05 and fold values equal to or greater than 1.2 were considered to be significantly differentially abundant. These proteins were further analyzed by using tandem mass spectrometry. There was a 1.3 to 1.8 fold change in 17 protein spots due to the cold treatment. The drought treatment caused a 1.3 to 3.8 fold change in 19 protein spots. These spots matched either HMW or low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunits. In the latter case, the C subunits of LMW glutenins were notably found to be up-regulated under both stress conditions. All the proteins that have been identified can directly influence dough characteristics. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD017578.

Fusarium Head Blight in Hard Red Spring Wheat: Cultivar Responses to Natural Epidemics

1996 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Wiersma ◽  
Eugene L. Peters ◽  
Mark A. Hanson ◽  
Robert J. Bouvette ◽  
Robert H. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

‘Prosper’: A High-Yielding Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar Adapted to the North Central Plains of the USA

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mergoum ◽  
Richard C. Frohberg ◽  
Robert W. Stack ◽  
Senay Simsek ◽  
Tika B. Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
North Central ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

AC Barrie hard red spring wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

AC Barrie hard red spring wheat is adapted to the Canadian prairies. It combines high grain yield with high protein content. It is slightly shorter with stronger straw than Katepwa and Laura, and has resistance to leaf and stem rust, common bunt, and loose smut. Key words:Triticum aestivum, spring wheat, cultivar description

WHEAT CULTIVAR IDENTIFICATION BY GLIADIN ELECTROPHOREGRAMS. I. APPARATUS, METHOD AND NOMENCLATURE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. BUSHUK ◽  
R. R. ZILLMAN
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Major Band ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

An apparatus and method are described for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of gliadins. Since the gliadin pattern (electrophoregram) is a genotypic character, electrophoresis offers a promising means for identifying wheat cultivars. Electrophoregrams are presented for a number of wheat cultivars to illustrate the results that can be obtained by the method described. A new nomenclature for gliadin bands (components) separated by this method is also presented. The nomenclature uses a major band in the electrophoregram of the Canadian hard red spring wheat cultivar Marquis as the reference. It was assigned an arbitrary mobility of 0.50; all other bands of Marquis and other cultivars are identified on the basis of electrophoretic mobility relative to 0.50 for the reference band under identical electrophoresis conditions.

AC Elsa hard red spring wheat

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

AC Elsa, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian Prairies. It combines high grain yield with high grain protein concentration in a short strawed background. It has improved resistance to leaf spots compared with the check cultivars, and resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust, stem rust, loose smut, and common bunt. AC Elsa is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, cultivar description, yield, protein, disease resistance

AC Michael hard red spring wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-200
Author(s):  
Solomon Kibite
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

AC Michael is a hard red spring wheat cultivar adapted to Alberta and western Saskatchewan. It combines high grain yield with a maturity about 1 and 2 d earlier than Neepawa and Laura, respectively, and has superior resistance to common bunt and loose smut compared to Laura. Key words:Triticum aestivum, spring wheat, cultivar description

Performance of Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dai ◽  
J. J. Wiersma ◽  
D. L. Holen
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

‘Barlow’: A High-Quality and High-Yielding Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar Adapted to the North Central Plains of the USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mergoum ◽  
Senay Simsek ◽  
Richard C. Frohberg ◽  
Jack B. Rasmussen ◽  
Timothy L. Friesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
North Central ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

WHEAT CULTIVAR IDENTIFICATION BY GLIADIN ELECTROPHOREGRAMS. II. EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS ON THE GLIADIN ELECTROPHOREGRAM

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. ZILLMAN ◽  
W. BUSHUK
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Gliadin Protein ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

Effects of a number of factors on the gliadin electrophoregram were investigated relative to the use of the electrophoregram for cultivar identification. Effect of seed source was investigated by examining grain of five Canadian cultivars grown at 10 locations in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and grain of five Australian cultivars grown in Canada and Australia. These experiments showed that the electrophoregram is not affected by the area of growth. Six grain samples of the Canadian hard red spring wheat cultivar, Neepawa, grown at six different fertilizer levels under irrigation, ranging in protein content from 9.3 to 16.4%, were used to demonstrate that the electrophoregram is qualitatively independent of protein content. The effects of several experimental factors on the gliadin electrophoregram were determined using five Canadian cultivars: three hard red spring wheats, one soft white winter wheat, and one durum wheat. Experimental factors investigated were grain sample preparation, method of gliadin extraction, and method of staining. The only factor that produced qualitative deviations in the electrophoregram was inefficient extraction of the gliadin protein with ineffective solvents. If appropriate gliadin extracts are used, the electrophoregram is a true genotypic character that can be used to identify the cultivar.

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