Response of cultivated mustard species to DPX-A7881

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
D. A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Selective Control

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine the tolerance of cultivated mustards, Brassica juncea and B. hirta to the herbicide DPX-A7881 [methyl 2-(4-ethoxy-6-menthylamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) (amino) (carbonyl) (amino) (sulfonyl) benzoate]applied at various rates and stages of growth. Cultivated mustards are tolerant to DPX-A7881 at rates required to control wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) thus fallowing the previously impossible selective control of this weed in cultivated mustards.Key words: Crop tolerance, growth stage, seed yield, DPX-A7881, Ethametsulfuron

Combined Postemergence Grass and Broadleaf Weed Control in Canola (Brassica napus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Blackshaw ◽  
K. Neil Harker
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Selective Control ◽  
Better Than

Field studies were conducted to study the interaction of sethoxydim or fluazifop-P with clopyralid and/or ethametsulfuron applied as tank mixtures to canola. Control of the indicator species barley, broadbean, and wild mustard with the tank mixtures was comparable to, or sometimes better than, that attained with each herbicide alone. Canola tolerated all herbicides applied individually and all tank mixtures of these herbicides except fluazifop-P and ethametsulfuron. Tank mixtures of fluazifop-P and ethametsulfuron, with or without clopyralid included in the mixture, suppressed early growth of canola in two of four tests and reduced seed yield in one. Sethoxydim, clopyralid, and ethametsulfuron combined in tank mixtures provide an effective POST alternative for selective control of grass and broadleaf weeds in canola.

Mustard tolerance to clopyralid applied alone or with ethametsulfuron

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-641
Author(s):  
H. A. Loeppky ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yellow Mustard ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Control Limits ◽  
Oriental Mustard

Mustard is a drought-tolerant crop well adapted to the Brown and Dark Brown soils of the Prairies; however, lack of broad-leaved weed control limits production. Two field studies were conducted at Indian Head, Saskatchewan and Lethbridge, Alberta to determine the response of brown and oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss), and yellow mustard (B. hirta Moench) to clopyralid. Clopyralid was applied at 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30, 0.60 kg a.i. ha−1 at the 4- or 10-leaf stage in one experiment. The other was a factorial experiment of clopyralid at 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 kg a.i. ha−1 with ethametsulfuron at 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 kg a.i. ha−1. Clopyralid applied at 0.15 kg a.i. ha−1, the lowest rate at which it is registered for weed control in canola, resulted in brown mustard yield reductions of 21%, oriental mustard yield reductions of 23% and yellow mustard yield reductions of 9% over 5 site years. This rate of clopyralid applied with ethametsulfuron reduced brown, oriental and yellow mustard yield by 30, 33 and 8%, respectively. Oil content was also reduced by clopyralid. Clopyralid cannot be used for weed control in mustards. Key words: Crop tolerance, growth stage, clopyralid, ethametsulfuron, seed yield, oil content

Soybean (Glycine max) and Rotational Crop Response to PPI Chlorimuron, Clomazone, Imazaquin, and Imazethapyr

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald F. Krausz ◽  
George Kapusta ◽  
Joseph L. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Rotational Crop

Field studies were conducted from 1989 to 1992 to evaluate soybean and rotational crop tolerance to PPI applications of chlorimuron (23 to 140 g ai/ha), clomazone (560 to 3360 g/ha), imazaquin (70 to 420 g/ha), and imazethapyr (53 to 310 g/ha). Soybean injury was evident only in 1989. Soybean height reduction 45 d after application increased linearly with increasing rates of chlorimuron, imazaquin, and imazethapyr. Chlorimuron at 140 g/ha and imazaquin at 420 g/ha reduced soybean height 120 d after planting. None of the herbicides influenced soybean density. Chlorimuron and imazaquin reduced soybean seed yield linearly as rates increased. None of the herbicides reduced subsequent wheat yield. Corn height reduction increased as the rate of imazaquin and imazethapyr increased. Imazethapyr and imazaquin caused 2 to 40% and 1 to 12% height reduction at 30 d after planting, respectively. Imazethapyr at 310 g/ha applied the previous year reduced corn height at 120 d after planting. There were no differences in corn density. Imazaquin and imazethapyr at 420 and 310 g/ha, respectively, applied the previous year reduced corn yield.

Effect of cultivar selection on metribuzin efficacy in field pea (Pisum sativum)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Cultivar Selection

Field studies were conducted at Morden, Manitoba from 1993 to 1995 to investigate the effect of cultivar selection on the effectiveness of metribuzin {4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one} for wild mustard control in field pea. In check plots, Titan, a cultivar with long vines, suppressed wild mustard growth more than Trump, a cultivar with short vines Wild mustard control with metribuzin was more consistent in Titan than in Trump. Metribuzin at 140 g ha−1 (half the full label rate) reduced wild mustard dry weight by 75 to 99% in plots seeded to Titan and by 38 to 88% in plots seeded to Trump. Results suggest that less herbicide is required for weed management in more competitive field pea cultivars. Key words: Cultivars, competitiveness, metribuzin, wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis, yield

Fall and Spring Applications of Trifluralin and Metribuzin in Fababeans (Vicia faba)

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Betts ◽  
I. N. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Brassica Kaber

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of fall and spring pre-plant incorporated applications of trifluralin (α,α,α-tri-fluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5(4H)-one] alone and in combinations on crop tolerance, seed yield, and weed control in fababeans (Vicia fabaL. ‘Diana’). Trifluralin applied either in the fall or the spring resulted in acceptable control of green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.] and wild oat (Avena fatuaL.) while metribuzin resulted in excellent control of wild mustard [Brassica kaber(DC.) L.C. Wheeler var.pinnatifida(Stokes) L.C. Wheeler]. In 2 out of 3 yr, a tank-mixture of trifluralin plus metribuzin applied in the fall at 1.4 and 0.4 kg/ha, respectively, resulted in significantly larger seed yield than the same combination applied at 1.1 and 0.3 kg/ha in the spring. Although the fall treatments generally resulted in higher seed yields, there was no consistent difference in weed densities between fall and spring applications. In both field and growth room studies, trifluralin reduced the injury to fababeans from metribuzin. A postemergence application of metribuzin in the spring at 0.3 kg/ha following a fall-application of trifluralin resulted in good wild mustard control but caused considerable crop damage. Dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) and bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2dioxide] controlled wild mustard effectively with no injury to the crop.

HERBICIDES FOR WEED CONTROL IN SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius)

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. BLACKSHAW ◽  
H.-H. MUENDEL ◽  
D. A. DERKSEN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Severe Injury ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Crop Tolerance

Field studies were conducted in 1986, 1987 and 1988 at Lethbridge, Alberta and in 1987 and 1988 at Indian Head, Saskatchewan to determine herbicides suitable for selective control of weeds in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Safflower exhibited acceptable tolerance to trifluralin, ethalfluralin, sethoxydim, fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, diclofop methyl, difenzoquat, imazamethabenz, chlorsulfuron, thiameturon, metsulfuron and DPX-A7881 over all years and locations. These herbicides offer the grower the option of preplant incorporated or postemergent herbicide application or a combination of the two. A mixture of thiameturon plus DPX-L5300 caused severe injury to safflower, reducing yield, oil content, and seed weight. Desmedipham, phenmedipham, and mixtures of these herbicides injured safflower at Lethbridge but not at Indian Head. Weeds reduced safflower yield by 39–73% over the 3 yr of the study. Control of weeds in safflower is essential to obtain optimum yields.Key words: Crop tolerance, seed yield, oil content, seed weight, weed competition

Annual Canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis) Tolerance and Weed Control Following Herbicide Application

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal W. Holt ◽  
Jim H. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Crop Stand ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis

Field studies were conducted in Saskatchewan to evaluate the effect of herbicides on annual canarygrass (Phalaris canariensisL.) and associated weeds. Bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) at 0.35 kg ai/ha, tank mixes of bromoxynil at 0.28 kg/ha plus the ester of MCPA [(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid] at 0.28 kg ae/ha, linuron [N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea] at 0.28 kg ai/ha plus MCPA amine at 0.56 kg/ha, or propanil [N-(3,4-dichlorophenyI)propanamide] at 1.0 kg ai/ha plus MCPA ester at 0.28 kg/ha resulted in annual canarygrass seed and dry matter yields equal to the unsprayed check and excellent wild mustard (Sinapis arvensisL. # SINAR) and cow cockle (Vaccaria pyramidataMedik. # VAAPY) control. Metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] at 0.21 kg ai/ha plus MCPA amine at 0.56 kg/ha reduced the crop stand in 1 out of 5 yr and seed yield every year. Postemergence application of difenzoquat (1,2-dimethyl-3,5-dipheny1-1H-pyrazolium) at 0.84 kg ai/ha or flamprop [N-benzoyl-N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-DL-alanine] at 0.53 kg ai/ha, or preplant-incorporated triallate [S-(2,3,3-trichloro-2-propenyl)bis(1-methylethyl)carbamothioate] at 1.40 kg ai/ha optimized wild oat (Avena fatuaL. # AVEFA) control with seed yields. Diclofop {(±)-2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propanoic acid} at 0.70 kg ai/ha severely damaged annual canarygrass in all years. Triallate applied at 1.40 kg/ha preplant or preemergence incorporated marginally reduced the crop stand and seed yield compared to the untreated controls in tolerance tests.

Biologically Effective Dose and Selectivity of RPA 201772 for Preemergence Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan Z. Knezevic ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
Francois Tardif ◽  
Allan S. Hamill ◽  
Kevin Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Buckwheat ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Corn Grain

Field studies were conducted in 1996 and 1997 at three locations throughout southern Ontario with the objective of developing dose-response curves of RPA 201772 for weed control and crop tolerance in corn. The biologically effective doses required to control redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, and wild mustard were 100, 90, and 80 g/ha, respectively. Yellow foxtail was controlled with 100 to 120 g/ha, while rates for common lambsquarters varied from 60 to 130 g/ha, depending on the year and location. Wild buckwheat control was poor (> 30%) at all of the doses tested. RPA 201772 did not reduce corn grain yield; however, temporary crop injury was evident on coarse sandy soils.

HOE 075032 for Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Control in Canola (Brassica rapa)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Mustard Plant

The tolerance of canola and wild mustard to postemergence HOE 075032 was investigated in greenhouse and field studies. In the greenhouse, the tolerance of canola to HOE 075032 applied at the 2 Ho 3-leaf stage was approximately twice the tolerance of wild mustard. In the field, HOE 075032 applied at 5 and 10 g ai/ha at the 2 to 3-leaf stage reduced wild mustard plant density and fresh weight by over 95%. Wild mustard contamination in canola seed was reduced from 45 to less than 1%. Application of HOE 075032 at 5 g/ha significantly increased canola yield and fresh weight in each year. Canola yield increases of 25, 139, and 86% were observed for the 5 g/ha treatment in 1991, 1992, and 1993, respectively. HOE 075032 could provide a postemergent alternative to the existing herbicide for wild mustard control in canola.

Flurtamone for Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Control in Canola (Brassica napusandB. campestris)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Seed Yields

The tolerance of canola to soil applied flurtamone was investigated in greenhouse and field studies. In the greenhouse, the dosage of flurtamone required to reduce canola fresh weight by 50% was 7.1- to 8.4- and 4.4- to 6.1-fold higher forB. napusandB. campestriscultivars, respectively, than that required to reduced wild mustard fresh weight by 50%.B. campestriscultivars tended to be more sensitive to flurtamone thanB. napuscultivars. In the field, flurtamone applied at 0.4 to 0.5 kg ai ha-1controlled 80% of wild mustard in canola (B. napuscv. ‘Westar’). In 1991 canola plant densities were reduced by increasing rate of flurtamone, but seed yields were unaffected by rate of application in either year.

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