Row spacing and seeding rate effects in wheat and barley under a conventional fallow management system

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Lafond ◽  
D. A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Fallow Management

Varying seed row spacing had no effect on the yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) when grown under a conventional-tillage fallow-management system. Grain yields were improved with increased seeding rates by 14% in wheat and 32% in barley. The absence of a row-spacing-by-seeding-rate interaction suggests that adjustments in seeding rates are not required with changes in row spacing. The presence of surface residues and standing stubble cannot explain the lack of a row-spacing effect when using a zero-tillage stubble-cropping system, since similar results were obtained with a conventional-tillage fallow management system in this study. Key words: Yield, yield components, plant density

The influence of rotation, tillage and row spacing on near-surface soil temperature for winter wheat in southern Alberta

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Larney ◽  
T. Ren ◽  
S. M. McGinn ◽  
C. W. Lindwall ◽  
R. C. Izaurralde
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature

Soil and crop management practices and their effects on surface residue levels can modify soil temperature. Our study investigated the effect of rotation, tillage and row spacing on near-surface (0.025 m) soil temperature under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 1993-1994 and 1994-1995. The main treatment was winter wheat rotation: continuous winter wheat (WW); winter wheat-canola (Brassica campestris L.) (WC) or winter wheat-fallow (WF)] with tillage sub-treatments of conventional tillage (CT) vs. zero tillage (ZT) and row spacing treatments of uniform row (UR) vs. paired row (PR) spacing. From fall 1993 to spring 1994, ZT was cooler than CT by 1.2°C on the WC rotation, 1.1°C on WW and 0.4°C on the WF rotation. From fall 1994 to spring 1995, the magnitude of tillage differences was lower on all three rotations with ZT being cooler than CT by 0.1–0.9°C. The magnitude of the row spacing effect on soil temperature was less than that of the tillage effect. Extreme differences in soil temperature due to tillage were generally higher (1.0–4.9°C) on the WW and WC than the WF rotation (0.6–2.5°C) due to the presence of more crop residue. Results demonstrate that while ZT promotes overall cooler soils under winter wheat from fall to late spring, especially on continuously cropped (WW, WC) rotations, it also allows moderation of soil temperatures during extremely cold periods. Key words: Soil temperature, winter wheat, rotation, tillage, row spacing

Seeding rate and row spacing effect on weed competition, yield and quality of hemp in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Vera ◽  
S. M. Woods ◽  
J. P. Raney
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Silty Loam

Field experiments were conducted on a Black Chernozem silty loam soil at Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, from 2000 to 2002, to determine the effect of seeding rate and row spacing on weed competition, as well as on seed, shoot biomass production and seed q uality attributes of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L. ‘Fasamo’ and ‘Finola’). Increasing seeding rate from 20 to 60 or 80 kg ha-1decreased weed density in all years (average of 33%) and reduced weed size (34%) in 2000. It also increased hemp plant density, biomass and seed yield (average of 174, 23 and 34%, respectively). Seed weight and protein were not affected by seeding rates, but seed oil content increased 1% in one year, when seeding rate increased from 20 to 60 kg ha-1. Row spacing (18 and 36 cm) had little or no definite effect on most of the parameters studied. Key words: Biomass, cultivar, hemp, protein content, oil content, organic farming, row spacing, seeding rate, weed competition

Effects of row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen on yield of barley and wheat under zero-till management

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Lafond
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Conditions

Adopting water-conserving tillage practices on the Canadian prairies will protect the soil against erosion while conserving soil water. The use of tall-standing stubble to conserve water creates a dilemma for producers because maximum yields can only be obtained with narrow rows, and tall stubble may limit the use of narrow row spacings. A 4-yr study on a thin Black clay soil investigated the effects of three row spacings (10, 20 and 30 cm), six seeding rates (34, 67, 100, 134, 168 and 202 kg ha−1 for wheat and 27, 54, 81, 108, 134 and 161 kg ha−1 for barley) and two rates of N (low and high) in hard red wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum (Triticum durum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using a continuous cropping, zero-till production system. The yields of cereals were maintained with 30-cm row spacing over a wide range of growing conditions under zero-till management. Durum had a 5.8% yield advantage and barley a 2.4% advantage for the 30-cm row spacing over the 10-cm row spacing. The number of plants established and the number of spikes produced decreased as row spacing increased for all crops. But wider row spacing resulted in more kernels produced per spike, which, in the case of barley and durum, more than compensated for the lower number of spikes. Increasing seeding rates significantly improved grain yield in all crops and years because more spikes were produced. Grain yield was related to the reciprocal of seeding rate. The few row spacing × seeding rate interactions observed in 2 of 12 cases suggest that seeding rates need not be adjusted for changes in row spacing. The results obtained have important implications for equipment design and the ability to more easily handle high-crop-residue situations. Key words: Yield components, seeding rate, row spacing, yield compensation

scholarly journals The Effects of Management (Tillage, Fertilization, Plant Density) on Soybean Yield and Quality in a Three-Year Experiment under Transylvanian Plain Climate Conditions

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Felicia Chețan ◽  
Cornel Chețan ◽  
Ileana Bogdan ◽  
Adrian Ioan Pop ◽  
Paula Ioana Moraru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tillage System

The regional agroecological conditions, specific to the Transylvanian Plain, are favorable to soybean crops, but microclimate changes related to global warming have imposed the need for agrotechnical adaptive measures in order to maintain the level of soybean yield. In this study, we consider the effect of two soil tillage systems, the seeding rate, as well as the fertilizer dosage and time of application on the yield and quality of soybean crops. A multifactorial experiment was carried out through the A × B × C × D − R: 3 × 2 × 3 × 3 − 2 formula, where A represents the year (a1, 2017; a2, 2018; and a3, 2019); B represents the soil tillage system (b1, conventional tillage with mouldboard plough; b2, reduced tillage with chisel cultivator); C represents the fertilizer variants (c1, unfertilized; c2, one single rate of fertilization: 40 kg ha−1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha−1 of phosphorus; and c3, two rates of fertilization: 40 kg ha−1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha−1 of phosphorus (at sowing) + 46 kg ha−1 of nitrogen at V3 stage); D represents the seeding rate (1 = 45 germinating grains (gg) m−2; d2 = 55 gg m−2; and d3 = 65 gg m−2); and R represents the replicates (r1 = the first and r2 = the second). Tillage had no effect, the climate specific of the years and fertilization affected the yield and the quality parameters. Regarding the soybean yield, it reacted favorably to a higher seeding rate (55–65 gg m−2) and two rates of fertilization. The qualitative characteristics of soybeans are affected by the fertilization rates applied to the crop, which influence the protein and fiber content in the soybean grains. Higher values of protein content were recorded with a reduced tillage system, i.e., 38.90 g kg−1 DM in the variant with one single rate of fertilization at a seeding rate of 45 gg per m−2 and 38.72 g kg−1 DM in the variant with two fertilizations at a seeding rate of 65 gg m−2.

Response of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) to varying seeding rates and nitrogen fertilizer rates in a no-till cropping system in Saskatchewan

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. May ◽  
M.P. Dawson ◽  
C.L. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
No Till ◽  
Rate Study ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
Precision Planting ◽  
N Rates

In the past, most sunflower research was conducted in tilled cropping systems and was based on wide row configurations established using precision planters. Little agronomic information is available for the no-till systems predominant in Saskatchewan, where crops are typically seeded in narrow rows using an air drill. Two studies were conducted in Saskatchewan to determine the optimum seeding and nitrogen (N) rates for short-season sunflowers in a no-till cropping system. The N rate study used 5 N rates (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 kg N ha−1) with the hybrid 63A21. The seeding rate study used 7 seeding rates (37 000, 49 000, 61 000, 74 000, 86 000, 98 000, and 111 000 seeds ha−1) with two cultivars, AC Sierra (open pollinated) and 63A21 (hybrid). There was a linear yield increase as the N rate increased from 10 to 90 kg N ha−1. Based on the N rates tested in this study and current N fertilizer costs below $1 kg−1, sunflower yields and gross returns were most favorable at 90 kg N ha−1. Future N response research with a wider range of N rates is warranted to best determine the optimum N rate. The optimum seeding rate was between 98 000 and 111 000 seeds ha−1 for AC Sierra and between 74 000 and 86 000 seeds ha−1 for 63A21. The optimum plant density, approximately 70 000 to 75 000 plants ha−1, was similar for both cultivars. These results are higher than the current recommended seeding rates for wide-row precision planting systems in areas with a longer growing season.

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Plot Design

Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973. In a split-plot design, row spacings of 15, 23 and 30 cm were used as main plots, and subplot seeding rates of 33.6, 67.3 and 100.9 kg/ha were applied for each cultivar. Data were collected on yield, days to maturity, plant height, lodging, kernel weight and test weight. The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity. Higher seeding rates per unit area generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars and, to some extent, earlier maturity. Glenlea wheat seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests, and at this seeding rate took an average 125 days to reach maturity, compared to 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62. Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of any of the wheats.

EFFECT OF ROW SPACING AND SEEDING RATES ON SUMMER RAPE IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. MORRISON ◽  
P. B. E. McVETTY ◽  
R. SCARTH
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Lower Plant

To determine the effects of varying plant densities on summer rape (Brassica napus L.), the cultivar Westar was seeded in 15- and 30-cm row spacings at seeding rates of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 kg ha−1. Plants seeded in 15-cm rows yielded more per area, produced more pods per plant and lodged less than those in 30-cm rows. Higher yields were associated with a more even plant distribution and a lower degree of intra-row competition. There were no significant protein, oil and chlorophyll concentration differences between the row spacing treatments. The highest yields (kg ha−1) were achieved with the 1.5 and 3.0 kg ha−1 seeding rates. Summer rape compensated for lower plant densities with the production of more branch racemes. As seeding rate increased, competitive mortality increased, resulting in greater etiolation at bolting, and greater lodging at harvest. Seed oil and protein concentrations were not affected by seeding rate. However, seed chlorophyll concentration decreased with increased seeding rate.Key words: Brassica napus, plant density, seed quality, rape (summer)

HARVEST INDEX AS A SELECTION CRITERION FOR GRAIN YIELD IN TWO SPRING WHEAT CROSSES GROWN AT TWO POPULATION DENSITIES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Population Densities

The use of harvest index as a selection criterion for grain yield in F2 populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown at two population densities was investigated. Harvest index was useful in delineating yield differences between lines for both crosses. The F4 lines selected in F2 for a high harvest index yielded about 9% more per plot in 1978 than F4 lines having a low harvest index in F2. Generally, lines selected at the higher commercial seeding rate yielded more than lines selected at the lower plant density. In 1979, a heavy Fusarium infection reduced the mean grain yield of the F6 lines and suppressed any significant response to selection resulting from population density and harvest index in F2. While selection based on high harvest index at low population density can be used to select higher yielding plants it was not as effective as selection at high population density which more closely approximates commercial crop densities. Additional research is needed before the use of harvest index as a selection tool in wheat breeding programs can be recommended for use in Atlantic Canada.

Effet du chiendent sur l'orge ensemencée à différents écartements entre les rangs et doses de semis

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pageau ◽  
G. F. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Specific Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row

A 4-yr study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two row spacings (10 and 20 cm) and five seeding rates of the cereal (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 viable seeds m−2) on the interference between quackgrass [Elymus repens (L.) Nevski] and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Cadette'). Narrow row spacings had no effect on the yield of barley in presence or absence of quackgrass. However, seeding rates influenced the productivity and development of barley when quackgrass was present. At a seeding rate of 100 seeds m−2, the yield reduction caused by the presence of quackgrass was 41%. When barley was seeded at 500 seeds m−2, the yield reduction was 19%. These yield reductions were mainly attributed to a decrease of spike density. In presence of quackgrass, the specific weight, number of kernels per spike, number of spikes per plant, 1000-kernel weight, harvest index and N concentration of grain were reduced. In contrast to a decrease of the row spacing, increasing seeding rate can be used to reduce interference between quackgrass and barley. Key words: Barley, quackgrass, interference, row spacing, seeding rate

Effect of Crop Establishment Methods and Weed Management Practices on Productivity, Soil Properties and Economics of Wheat under Rice – Wheat Cropping System

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
OMBIR SINGH ◽  
MOHAN SINGH ◽  
ROHITASAV SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Metsulfuron Methyl ◽  
Crop Research

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Centre of GBPUA and T, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar continuous two years to study the productivity, soil properties, and economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different wheat establishment methods in main plots and seven weed management practices in sub plots, replicated thrice in a split plot design. Zero tilled wheat exhibited more number of spikes m-2 and more number of grains per spike was significantly higher than reduced and conventional tillage. The zero tilled wheat yielded 12.35 and 3.66 per cent higher over reduced and conventional tillage during Ist year and 11.99 and 3.09 per cent during IInd year. The bulk density of soil was higher under zero tillage than that of other tillage. The infiltration rate was significantly greater with ZT than RT and CT. The highest grain yield was obtained in two hand weedings done at 30 and 60 DAS and was at par with Isoproturon 1.0 kg ha-1 + Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 30 DAS and Clodinafop – Propargyl 60 g ha-1 at 30 DAS fb. Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 37 DAS.

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