Effects of agriculture on the classification of Black soils in the Midwestern United States

Veenstra, J. J. and Burras, C. L. 2012. Effects of agriculture on the classification of Black soils in the Midwestern United States. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 403–411. Soil surveys are generally treated as static documents. Many soil survey users assume that pedon data generated 30 to 50 yr ago still represents today's soil, as short-term changes in soil properties are perceived to be limited to the soil surface and thus pedologically insignificant. In this study, we re-sampled and re-analyzed 82 pedons with historical descriptions and laboratory data in Iowa, United States, to evaluate changes in soil profile properties and taxonomic classification after approximately 50 yr of agricultural land use. Using historical and current data, we classified sampled pedons using Canadian Soil Taxonomy, US Soil Taxonomy and the Food and Agriculture Association World Reference Base (FAO-WRB). Our results show that soil characteristics have changed significantly enough to change the classification. In each taxonomic system, the classification of 60% or more of the sampled pedons differed from the original. Classification of 15 to 32% of the sampled pedons changed at the Order (or equivalent) level with 11 to 33% of the pedons originally classified as Black soils – Mollisols, Chernozems or Phaeozems – no longer classified as Black soils. The change in soil classification over such a short-time period challenges the validity and usefulness of treating existing soil maps as static documents as well as traditional soil classification hierarchies.

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A Comparative Analysis of a Detailed and Semi-Detailed Soil Mapping for Sustainable Land Management Using Conventional and Currently Applied Methodologies in Greece

Land ◽

10.3390/land9050154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Orestis Kairis ◽

Vassiliki Dimitriou ◽

Chrysoula Aratzioglou ◽

Dionisios Gasparatos ◽

Nicholas Yassoglou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Soil Mapping ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Soil Survey ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Reference Base ◽

World Reference Base ◽

Soil Surveys

Two soil mapping methodologies at different scales applied in the same area were compared in order to investigate the potential of their combined use to achieve an integrated and more accurate soil description for sustainable land use management. The two methodologies represent the main types of soil mapping systems used and still applied in soil surveys in Greece. Diomedes Botanical Garden (DBG) (Athens, Greece) was used as a study area because past cartographic data of soil survey were available. The older soil survey data were obtained via the conventional methodology extensively used over time since the beginnings of soil mapping in Greece (1977). The second mapping methodology constitutes the current soil mapping system in Greece recently used for compilation of the national soil map. The obtained cartographic and soil data resulting from the application of the two methodologies were analyzed and compared using appropriate geospatial techniques. Even though the two mapping methodologies have been performed at different mapping scales, using partially different mapping symbols and different soil classification systems, the description of the soils based on the cartographic symbols of the two methodologies presented an agreement of 63.7% while the soil classification by the two taxonomic systems namely Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base for Soil Resources had an average coincidence of 69.5%.

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Mapping and classification of a 100 hectare land at uzanu community, Edo state, Nigeria.

10.36265/colsssn.2020.4405 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Lucky Agbogun ◽

Umweni A.S. ◽

Kadiri O.H ◽

Faith Okunsebor

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Research Area ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Soil Survey ◽

Survey Method ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Mapping Unit ◽

Mapping Process ◽

Edo State

This study was carried out at Uzanu Community in Etsako East Local Government Area of Edo State to identify some of the major soils of the project area, through a soil mapping process. The methodology involved mapping of the soils of a 100 hectare land using the rigid grid soil survey method at a detailed scale. Four mapping units were delineated from the ten transects of 100 m apart and 100 m interval examination points along transects which gave a total of 84 auger points. Four representative pedons were sunk, described and sampled. Soil samples were analyzed using standard methods. Soils were classified according to USDA soil taxonomy System of Soil Classification. Series classification was locally defined using guidelines provided by Smyth and Montgomery. The results showed that Pedon 1 representing a mapping unit with area coverage of 14.2 hectares or 14.2 % of the entire research area was classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Typic Plinthudult and locally as Origo series. The soils of mapping unit two, covering an area of 13.2 hectares or 13.2 % were classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Ruptic-Ultic-Dystrudept and locally as Origo series. Pedon three soils, covering an area of 38 hectares or 38 % were classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Typic Plinthudult and locally as Origo series while the soils of mapping unit four represented by pedon four, covering an area of 34.7 hectares or 34.7 % were classified as Coarse Loamy Isohyperthermic Ruptic-Ultic-Dystrudept and locally as Ekiti series.

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Soil Classification of Anthropogenic Soils in a Remodeled Area Using Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer ◽

10.7745/kjssf.2013.46.6.536 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 536-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seung-Been Lee ◽

Hyen-Chung Chun ◽

Hyun-Jun Cho ◽

Byung-Keun Hyun ◽

Kwan-Cheol Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Anthropogenic Soils ◽

Soil Resources ◽

Reference Base ◽

World Reference Base

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Appropriate classification of three Swedish soils for agrarian and environmental management

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/1239099043633341 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 378 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. SLÅNBERG ◽

L. HYLANDER

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Arable Soils ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Reference Base ◽

World Reference Base ◽

High Base

Classification of soils according to internationally agreed criteria forms a valuable base for scientifi c and political analyses. The objectives of this study were to evaluate two soil classification systems and relate them to agricultural and environmental concerns, principally phosphorus leakage, by classifying three Swedish, arable soils. The Bjärröd soil was classifi ed as a Rupti-Endogleyic Phaeozem according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources and as a coarse-loamy, mesic Oxiaquic Hapludoll according to the Soil Taxonomy. Bjelkesta was classified as an Orthieutric Gleysol and a fi ne, frigid, Typic Endoaquept, respectively, and Götala as a Haplic Arenosol and a frigid Typic Udipsamment. We evaluated some changes to the classification systems proposed by Nordic scientists and found the classification of Bjärröd misleading and suggest it being classified as a Cambisol/Inceptisol and that information of the characteristically high base saturation in Bjelkesta and the spodic character in Götala being included in their names. This information is useful for decisions regarding agrarian and environmental management of the soils.;

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A paradox between Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base in classification of the soils with clay-enriched horizons (a case study in Central Zagros, Iran)

Arabian Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.1007/s12517-021-07465-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Sepideh Etedali ◽

Mohammad Hassan Salehi

Keyword(s):

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Reference Base ◽

World Reference Base

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Cross-Reference System for Translating Between Genetic Soil Classification of China and Soil Taxonomy

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj2004.0318 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 78-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

X. Z. Shi ◽

D. S. Yu ◽

E. D. Warner ◽

W. X. Sun ◽

G. W. Petersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference System ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Cross Reference

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Classification and assessment of agricultural potential of the lower Niger floodplain soils of Atani, Southeastern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v19i3.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 51-61

Author(s):

F.C. Okenmuo ◽

C.O. Anochie ◽

M.E. Ukabiala ◽

C.L.A. Asadu ◽

P.K. Kefas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Reference Base ◽

Anambra State ◽

Agricultural Potential ◽

Capability Evaluation

The soils of Atani floodplain in Anambra State of Nigeria contribute significantly to the food production of the State, hence the need to understand their behavior in order to enhance their management and productivity. Profile pits were sited along three physiographic units viz: levee crest, levee slope and flood basin. Soil samples were collected from the profile horizons and subjected to standard laboratory procedures. Characterization of the soils was based on their morphological, physical and chemical properties. Soil classification was carried out using the USDA Soil Taxonomy and correlated with FAO/IUSS World Reference Base. Its agricultural potential was assessed using the fertility capability classification. The soils were deep. Topsoil colour was dominantly blackish black (10YR 3/2). Mottles were pervasive; an indication of impeded drainage conditions. The soils were predominantly fine textured. Soil pH values ranged from 4.8 to 6.2. Exchangeable Calcium was low to moderate (2.6-8.2 cmol kg−1); Magnesium was moderate to high (1.6-6.8 cmol kg−1); Sodium was high to very high (1.0-2.5 cmol kg−1), while potassium was high (1.2-4.2 cmol kg−1). Cation exchange capacity values ranged from 11.6 to 42.6 cmol kg−1. Total nitrogen was very low to low (0.14-1.12 g kg−1), while organic carbon was low to moderate (0.4-15.2 g kg−1). Available phosphorus was very low to high ranging from 0.93 to 31.71 mg kg−1 while base saturation ranged from 64 to 93%. The soils were classified as Typic Fluvaquents (Typic Fluvisols), Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) and Fluventic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) according to the USDA and FAO/IUSS. The fertility capability evaluation of the soils revealed that the pedons were Lgn in classification due to limitations in drainage. Key words: alluvium, cambic horizon, Inceptisols, lithologic discontinuity

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ЦИФРОВАЯ ПОЧВЕННАЯ КАРТА ВОДОСБОРА РЕКИ СОКОЛОВКА (ТЕРРИТОРИЯ ВЕРХНЕУССУРИЙСКОГО СТАЦИОНАРА ФНЦ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ДВО РАН)

10.35735/tig.2019.26.44.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

A.A. Tereshkina ◽

N.F. Pshenichnikova ◽

A.N. Bugaets ◽

O.M. Golodnaya ◽

S.M. Krasnopeev

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Resources ◽

Reference Base ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Digital Soil Map ◽

Modern Soil ◽

World Reference Base ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Right

В работе приведены предварительные результаты создания цифровой почвенной карты для бассейна р. Правая Соколовка, территории Верхнеуссурийского стационара (ВУС) ФНЦ Биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН 1: 50 000. По природным условиям территория типична для среднегорного пояса, представляет собой характерный низкосреднегорный участок южного СихотэАлиня. Климат района формируется под влиянием восточноазиатского муссона. В качестве топографической основы использована цифровая модель рельефа с пространственным разрешением 30 м (SRTM30), план лесонасаждений Верхнеуссурийского стационара, геологическая карта М 1: 200 000. Основными единицами карты являются почвенные подтипы. Номенклатура почв дана по региональной классификации Г. И. Иванова, выполнена адаптация к современной почвенной классификации Российской Федерации и проведена корреляция с номенклатурой почв Всемирной реферативной базой почвенных ресурсов (WRB). Каждый почвенный ареал включает данные по условиям формирования почв на уровне подтипа. Всего выделено десять подтипов. Показано, что в почвеннорастительном покрове четко выражена вертикальная зональность, представленная двумя почвеннорастительными поясами: горных буротаежных и горноподзолистых почв темнохвойных лесов и поясом горнолесных бурых почв хвойношироколиственных лесов. В поясе темнохвойных лесов в пределах высот 800 1000 м распространены горные ржавоземы грубогумусовые иллювиальногумусированные, составляющие 23,8 от общей площади бассейна. В поясе хвойношироколиственных лесов в основном распространены буроземы (70 от общей площади водосбора). Среди почв пойменных ландшафтов преобладают аллювиальные серогумусовые (дерновые) типичные. На основе информации по генетическим горизонтам создана база данных гидрофизических характеристик почв. По литературным источникам создана база данных физических характеристик почв (гранулометрический состав, глубина, вес, содержание гумуса) по генетическим горизонтам почвенных профилей (45 разрезов). С помощью алгоритмов обработки пространственных данных выполнен анализ численных характеристик морфометрии рельефа (средняя высота, уклон, площадь) почвенных ареалов.The digital soil map (1: 50 000) of the Right Sokolovka River basin the territory of the Upper Ussurian experimental station of the Centre of Biodiversity of the terrestrial biota of East Asia, FEB RAS. The main map units are soil subtypes. The soil nomenclature is given according to the regional classification, the adaptation to the modern soil classification of the Russian Federation was carried out and correlation with the soil nomenclature by the World Reference Base of Soil Resources was made. The calculation and preliminary analysis of the numerical characteristics of the morphometry of the topography of the soil areas has been performed.

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