EFFECT OF METHODS OF APPLICATION AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM ON THE MOLYBDENUM CONCENTRATION AND YIELD OF FORAGES ON PODZOL SOILS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ’Saranac’), red clover (Trifolium pratense L. ’Lakeland’), and timothy (Phleum pratense L. ’Climax’) were grown at two locations on Charlottetown fine sandy loam soils in Prince Edward Island. The pH values of the soils were 5.6 and 5.7, respectively. The three levels of lime were 0, 2.24 and 4.48 metric tonnes/ha and the Mo treatments included no Mo, Mo added as foliar spray and Mo added to the soils. In the first sampling, applications of 0.44 kg Mo/ha as foliar spray to soil limed to pH 5.9 and 6.3 in the three crops resulted in tissue Mo concentrations of greater than 10 ppm which when fed to livestock could produce Mo toxicity. With soil applications of 0.88 kg Mo/ha, tissue Mo concentrations of greater than 10 ppm occurred only in alfalfa and red clover limed to soil pH 5.6, 5.9 and 6.3. The tissue Mo levels in the second sampling decreased sharply when compared to those in the first sampling. The differences in Mo concentrations in second, third and fourth samplings were very small. There was a significant interaction (Mo × lime) because the increases of Mo concentration in red clover due to liming were much greater at higher rates of Mo than at lower rates of Mo. In the case of a suspected Mo deficiency, addition of about 0.2 kg Mo/ha as foliar spray or of 0.4 kg Mo/ha applied to the soil should alleviate a Mo deficiency problem. Residual effects at these levels of Mo should last for 2–3 yr from the crop sufficiency point of view. Molybdenum applied as foliar spray increased timothy yields by 15–17% at one location.

PERFORMANCE OF SOD-SEEDED TEMPERATE LEGUMES IN GRASS DOMINANT SWARDS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS ◽  
A. J. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Temperate Legumes

Small plot experiments and field scale trials were conducted to determine the establishment and growth of sod-seeded alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), white clover (T. repens L.), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) in fine sandy loam soils on Prince Edward Island. Both pasture and hayfield managements were included. A John Deere PowrTill 1500 drill was used for sod-seeding and various combinations of grazing, herbicides, and clipping were used for vegetation suppression during establishment of the legumes. Sod-seeded red and white clovers established the best and were the most productive species. It was estimated that in the postseeding year sod-seeding of clovers resulted in yields comparable to stands fertilized with 100-150 kg N∙ha−1 annually. Trefoil and alfalfa had variable establishment and usually made a limited contribution to sward productivity. Timothy sod-seeded in conjunction with red clover, white clover or alfalfa established satisfactorily with all three legume species used.Key words: Pasture renovation, red clover, white clover, alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, sod-seeding

ATRAZINE PERSISTENCE AND RESIDUE EFFECTS ON ROTATION CROPS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY ◽  
J. M. SADLER ◽  
E. R. KIMBALL ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Significant Yield

Field studies on Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) loam to fine sandy loam soils from 1977 to 1980 determined the rate of breakdown of atrazine and soil residue effects on crops grown in rotation with silage corn (Zea mays L.). The rate of breakdown was rapid during the first 30 days after application with an estimated half-life of 23 days when averaged over rates and years. Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) were most sensitive to atrazine residues; yields of red clover were reduced significantly from the 1.13-kg/ha rate and of timothy after the 2.25-kg/ha rate. Yields of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) broadcast seeded in standing corn in August and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeded the next spring were not affected, or reduced only slightly, by atrazine residues from initial applications of 1.13 kg/ha but showed significant yield losses at the 2.25- and 4.50-kg/ha rates. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeded the next spring after atrazine use was tolerant of residues showing significant yield losses only at the 4.50-kg/ha rate. In this study, atrazine applied at 1.13 kg/ha in silage corn was sufficiently broken down to permit production of all crops studied except red clover.Key words: Atrazine, residue, clover (red), timothy, alfalfa, rye (winter), barley

Tapani red clover

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. Papadopoulos ◽  
B. R. Christie ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
R. Michaud ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Cultivar Description

Tapani is a 21-clone diploid synthetic cultivar of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). It was developed by phenotypic selection at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Crops and Livestock Research Centre, in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, and at the Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre in Quebec City, Quebec. The original material for this strain was selected from collections made in old stands of red clover in three Atlantic Provinces of Canada. Tapani is early flowering and winterhardy. In Atlantic Canada, Tapani yielded an average of 109% of the check cultivar Marino over three production years. This cultivar has superior re-growth potential with high second-cut herbage yield. Key words: Red clover, Trifolium pratense L., cultivar description

EFFET DE LA PRESENCE DE LA FLEOLE DES PRES SUR LA SURVIE A L’HIVER DU TREFLE ROUGE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIUS BELZILE
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Stand Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The influence of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) on winter survival of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) was studied in an experiment conducted in 1984–1985 and repeated in 1985–1986. The results indicate that the presence of timothy can help to improve red clover persistence. When the winter was favorable to the survival of legumes, the red clover population was higher in pure than in mixtured clover populations. However, when the winter was unfavorable to legumes, the red clover population was higher in populations mixed with timothy than in a pure clover population.Key words: Red clover-timothy mixture, winter survival, stand, yield

Effet du labour printanier et des cultures intercalaires de trèfle rouge sur le rendement du maïs-grain

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-P. Claude ◽  
A. F. MacKenzie ◽  
G. R. Mehuys ◽  
B. E. Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Because corn (Zea mays L.) production may cause soil degradation, cultural systems to minimize this degradation are required. Intercropping of corn with legumes may reduce such degradation, but effects on corn yields must be evaluated. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of a red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) intercrop in conjunction with spring ploughing on the yield of grain corn on two soil types: a Chicot sandy loam and a Ste-Rosalie clay loam. A split-plot experimental design established on each soil consisted of three cultural practices as the main plots and three rates of N fertilizer as the split plots. Corn yields decreased significantly from 1987 to 1989 in conjunction with an increase in the biomass produced by the intercropped red clover and the weeds that it harboured. However, spring ploughing of this biomass rather than fall incorporation had no negative effects on the yield of corn. Although in the case of fall ploughing the presence of red clover did allow for the accumulation of additional inorganic nitrogen in the soil in the spring, the competitiveness of the red clover and especially of the weeds caused a decrease in the yield of grain corn. The use of intercropped red clover for soil conservation in Quebec may thus be limited if a tight control over weeds is not maintained. Key words: Intercropping, Zea mays, Trifolium pratense, nitrogen, spring ploughing

Legume cover crops with winter cereals in southern Manitoba: Fertilizer replacement values for oat

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Thiessen Martens ◽  
M. H. Entz ◽  
J. W. Hoeppner
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Legume Cover Crops ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Yield benefits of legume cover crops in winter/spring cereal systems have not been well documented in the Canadian prairies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fertilizer replacement values (FRV) of relay-cropped alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and double-cropped chickling vetch (Lathryus sativus L.) and black lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. subsp. culinaris) to a subsequent oat (Avena sativa L.) crop. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba on a clay soil at Winnipeg and a sandy loam at Carman. Alfalfa provided the highest FRV at Winnipeg (51–62 kg N ha-1), followed by chickling vetch (29–43 kg N ha-1), lentil (23–39 kg N ha-1), and red clover (24–26 kg N ha-1). FRV could not be established at Carman, where course-textured soil and low rainfall limited legume growth. Key words: Relay cropping, double cropping, cover crops

scholarly journals Influence of previous crops and nematicide treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kimpinski ◽  
L.M. Edwards ◽  
C.E. Gallant ◽  
H.W. Johnson ◽  
J.A. MacLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

A field study assessing the influence of the previous crop, the crop sequence, and aldicarb treatments on root lesion nematode populations and crop yields was carried out in Prince-Edward-Island, Canada. The most recent crop had the greatest impact on nematode numbers. The crop sequences had an influence in some cases on root lesion nematode populations (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans) and on crop yields. In commercial barley (Hordeum vulgare) fields, root lesion nematodes in roots were greatest when barley followed a red clover (Trifolium pratense) timothy (Phleum pratense) ley, and stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp., primarily T. dubius, and Merlinius spp.) were more common when barley followed barley. The combined dry weight of foliage and grain was larger when barley was planted after potato (Solanumtuberosum) and smaller when barley followed barley or a red clover-timothy mixture. Under experimental field conditions, root lesion nematode populations were largest in barley roots when barley followed potato and grain yields were smallest when barley followed barley. Changes in nematode populations in potato were not associated with crop sequences. Potato tuber yields were higher in the sequences that began with wheat (Triticum aestivum) or barley than in the sequences that began with potato or soybean (Glycine max). Aldicarb reduced the numbers of root lesion nematodes in roots with concomitant yield increases in potato and soybean.

A COMPARISON OF PROTEIN DEGRADATION DURING WILTING AND ENSILING OF SIX FORAGE SPECIES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. PAPADOPOULOS ◽  
B. D. McKERSIE
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Protein Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Protein hydrolysis was examined during wilting and ensiling of first and second cut herbage of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). During a 24-h wilting period, protein was hydrolyzed to soluble non-protein nitrogen (SNPN) more extensively in first cut than in second cut herbage. In both cuts the amount of protein hydrolysis occurring during wilting was greatest in alfalfa and least in red clover. After 30 days ensiling at 30 °C, SNPN content, expressed as percent of total nitrogen, was influenced by forage species, dry matter (DM) content, and cut. The extent of protein hydrolysis during ensiling was highest in alfalfa and lowest in red clover. In first cut silages, protein hydrolysis increased with DM content, but in the second cut silages, protein hydrolysis decreased as DM content increased. The amount of protein hydrolyzed during wilting or ensiling was not correlated with plant proteinase activity measured using azocasein as substrate. Consequently, the properties of the plant proteolytic enzymes associated with each species as well as the management of the forage prior to ensiling appear to influence the extent of proteolysis.Key words: Proteolysis, silage, haylage, proteinase

scholarly journals Determining Thresholds for Grassland Renovation by Sod-Seeding

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Victor P. Rueda-Ayala ◽  
Mats Höglind
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Coverage Estimation

This study aimed at identifying optimal sward conditions for successful establishment of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) through sod-seeding two typical Norwegian grassland systems dominated by timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), respectively. A total of four sod-seeding trials were implemented, two in late summer (SUM) and two in spring (SPR), one for each sward type and time point for reseeding. The sward coverage status was the basis for threshold definition, and image analysis techniques were used for objective coverage estimation of living plants, dead material and bare soil. Plots with different coverage levels (0–100% of the soil covered by vegetation) were created by spraying a broad-spectrum herbicide (glyphosate) in a spot-wise pattern, mimicking common types of patchiness caused by stressful weather events, e.g., frost or mechanical damage from wheels or hoofs. Seed germination and emergence started similarly in all coverage ranges. However, as time progressed clover seedlings started to die at a coverage dependent rate, and at the final harvest red clover dry matter (RCDM) was the lowest on plots with the highest pre-seeding coverage level. Dose-response curves explained these relationships and allowed estimating the effective-coverage ( E C o v 80 ), being the initial sward coverage at which 80% of all established red clover plants contributed significantly to the total biomass. Above 2500 kg ha−1 RCDM were produced on timothy ( E C o v 80 : 15–50%) in SUM, while less than 1000 kg ha−1 RCDM were produced on ryegrass ( E C o v 80 : ± 10 % ), indicating better conditions for clover establishment in timothy compared with ryegrass. In SPR, an E C o v 80 : 10–15% allowed a good red clover estabishment in ryegrass at cut 3, while RCDM was important and significant in timothy even between E C o v 80 20 and 60%, at cut 2 and cut 3, respectively. These thresholds for sod-seeding mark the challenges to introduce red clover in dense swards and could be applicable for grassland renovation with other desirable legume and grasses species. Our findings represent particular soil and climatic characteristics of the study site, thus should be taken with caution. Due to the lack of experimentally and sytematically determined thresholds for reseeding, future studies could benefit from our experimental approach, as a base for more complex, multi-site and multi-seasonal investigations, and farmers could use these thresholds for decision making on successful grassland renovation, to avoid wasting seed resources and yield loses.

Effect of herbicides on two species of clover underseeded into barley

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ivany ◽  
D. Holmstrom ◽  
H. T. Kunelius
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Herbicide Mixtures ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Berseem Clover

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) producers on Prince Edward Island often underseed red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) into barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crops so as to have a forage crop in the third year of the 3-yr rotation of potatoes-grain-forages. Some producers would like to plant an annual legume that could be underseeded in barley to improve soil organic matter levels in a 2-yr rotation of barley-potatoes. We examined, over 3 yr (1996–1998), the effect of herbicides commonly used in barley on perennial red clover and annual berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) underseeded in barley. Based on clover plant stand after herbicide application, both red clover and berseem were killed by herbicide mixtures containing dicamba and were severely injured by bromoxynil. Red clover was severely injured by thifensulfuron/tribenuron mixture whereas berseem clover was only slightly injured. MCPA-Na generally caused little injury to either clover species whereas MCPB/MCPA caused less injury to red clover than to berseem clover. Clover yield in the fall reflected level of injury noted during the season. Key words: Red clover, berseem clover, underseeded clover, herbicide, dicamba, MCPA–Na

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document