EFFECT OF SUBSOILING ON WHEAT YIELD AND SALT DISTRIBUTION OF A SOLONETZIC SOIL

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. CHANG ◽  
T. G. SOMMERFELDT ◽  
G. B. SCHAALJE ◽  
C. J. PALMER
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Solonetzic Soil ◽  
Hard Spring Wheat ◽  
Salt Distribution ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The effects of subsoiling, deep ripping to 52 cm depth, in the amelioration of a Solonetzic soil under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions were examined at the Vauxhall Research Substation in Alberta. All plots were fertilized by broadcasting N and P2O5 at rates of 80 and 42 kg ha−1, respectively. Hard spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Neepawa’) was grown annually from 1980 to 1984. The plot area had a high degree of spatial variability in both physical and chemical properties of the soil. Subsoiling in the fall of 1979 and 1980 had no significant effects on soil salinity and sodicity or on wheat yield under nonirrigated conditions. However, under irrigated conditions, subsoiling enhanced the downward movement of salts and had a significant overall profile (to 90 cm) effect on soil salinity and sodicity, but it had no significant effect among depths within the profile. Subsoiling also had no significant effect on wheat yield under irrigated conditions. Irrigation alone improved the soil salinity and sodicity conditions, increased wheat yields, and reduced yield variability. Key words: Amelioration, irrigation, salinity, sodicity, spatial variability

Impact of Insufficient Cleaning on the Quality of Molybdenum Layer Applied by Thermal Spraying

2013 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Marián Bujna ◽  
Miroslav Prístavka ◽  
Pavol Kaplík
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Thermal spraying influences several physical and chemical properties of the coating surface. The most important of them are hardness, density, porosity, corrosion resistance and adhesion. This technology of surface treatment of material is often used for its high degree of hardness. Hardness and erosion resistance are the parameters that need to be achieved particularly in working conditions where there is excessive component wear. In this paper, we deal with the impact of purifying on the quality of molybdenum layer. Insufficient cleaning may result in a poor quality of the sprayed layer. Our aim is to measure and analyse the quality of molybdenum layer thickness applied by thermal spraying after insufficient cleaning.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability of Physical and Chemical Properties in Northern Himalayas of Kashmir Province

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Ayman Javed ◽  
Shaista Nazir Bhat ◽  
Rajnish Yadav ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Due to geological and pedological soil-forming factors, spatial variability of soil physical and chemical properties across the agricultural fields is intrinsic by its nature, however variability may arise from tillage and other soil management practices. The main aim of this survey was to investigate the spatial variability of soil physical along with chemical properties and the preparation of thematic maps across the study area. The physico-chemical properties determined were Particle size distribution, Bulk density, Particle density, total porosity, soil resistance, soil pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Organic carbon (OC), Nitrogen(N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium(K). Soil samples were collected from 45 sites using Geographical Positioning System (GPS) under different land-use systems. The results showed normal distribution for Sand, silt, particle density, electrical conductivity, and soil pH. Organic carbon recorded the maximum coefficient of variation (82.2%) and soil particle density (5.66%) the minimum. Soil macronutrients were medium in range excluding phosphorus which was found inadequate in the watershed. Employing such analytic work, it is feasible to devise accurate soil management practices and an unerring soil sampling system for taking efficient management judgments that result in sustainable agricultural production.

In Situ Conservation of the Roman Mosaics at the Villa of Boscéaz (Orbe, Switzerland): Diagnosis of Risks Involved

1996 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Flatt ◽  
F.J. Girardet ◽  
D.C. Weidmann
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Thermal Dilatation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACTIn order to maintain the archaeological integrity of the site of Boscéaz, one of the most remarkable north of the Alps because of the number and quality of its roman mosaics, it is intended to maintain these in situ and on their original support. This mode of conservation implies many risks, mainly linked to the climatic variations and to the presence of water and salts in the ground and the mosaics. The high degree of damage observed on these mosaics discovered more than 150 years ago illustrates this fact.The aim of this study has been to establish a diagnosis of the risks linked to the uncovering and the in situ conservation of a mosaic recently discovered (currently covered with protective materials). This diagnosis has been established on the basis of the measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the mosaic and the ground.It turned out that the rising of salts from the ground to the mosaic would be the major problem and that consequently a dessalaision will have to be carried out. Concerning the choice of the climatic conditions for conservation, the critical zone in which the salts present crystallize was determined. The thermal dilatation of the materials appeared relatively small, but might become damageable in the long term because of a possible hysteresis. The hydrie dilatation turned out to be negligible.

scholarly journals Variability of some soil properties along a toposequence in a basaltic parent material of Vom, Plateau State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Topographic Positions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Exchange Acidity

Topography influences the distribution of some soil physical and chemical properties. This study assessed some variation in soil properties resulting from the topographic effect on Basaltic parent material at Vom Jos Plateau State in the Southern Guinea zone of Nigeria. Soil samples were collected at an interval of 20m and at depths of 0 to15cm and 15 to 30cm, parceled, labeled and taken to the laboratory for analysis of the selected for analysis. The results from the study revealed that variations in soil properties along the landscape segments were probably due to their positions toposequence characteristics in soils. Clay, silt and gravel contents varied moderately (CV = 22.9, 15.42 and 32.55% respectively), while sand did not vary much (CV = 8.47%). Organic carbon showed high variability (CV = 38.08%) while soil pH in (H2O and CaCl2) showed less spatial variability (with CV = 4.91 and 6.45% respectively). Available phosphorus has high variability (CV = 37.59%). Magnesium, K and Ca showed high spatial variability (CV = 42.60, 35.85, and 35.84% respectively), while Na and exchange acidity were moderately variable (CV = 24.39 and 24.27% respectively). Generally, some of the soil chemical properties were varied with topographic positions.

scholarly journals Assessment of Some Heavy Metals Using Sediments and Bivalvia (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Samples Collected from Tobruk Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Control Site ◽  
The Other ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study is designed to assess the concentrations of lead, copper, zinc, iron, cadmium and manganese in sediments and bivalvia (Mytilus galloprovincialis) tissues of Tobruk coast. The samples of sediments and bivalvia were collected from four sites around Tobruk city namely as Main port, Ledo, Andolus and Rasbayad (control site), during summer, 2021. The heavy metals of sediments and bivalvia tissues were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Also water samples were taken from four sites and physical and chemical properties of water were measured. The results of sediments showed that the Ledo site significantly recorded the higher concentrations of lead (0.624 mg/kg), zinc (73.77 mg/kg), copper (0.450mg/kg) and iron (94.38mg/kg) than those of the other sites, however, the metals of sediments collected from Rasbayad recorded the lowest concentrations. The results of bivalvia tissues revealed that Main port site recorded the greater concentration of lead (0.420 mg/l), zinc (2.185mg/l), cadmium (0.385 mg/l) and copper (3.010 mg/l) than that of other sites. Moreover, Andolus site recorded significantly the higher concentration of iron (14.135 mg/l) than that of other three sites. On the other hand, the Rasbayad recorded the lowest concentration of lead (0.070 mg/l), zinc (0.115 mg/l), cadmium (0.020 mg/l) and copper (0.030 mg/l) in bivalvia tissues. In general, the results indicated a high degree of contamination by heavy metals in sediments and bivalvia of three sites when compared with the control site (Rasbayad) and it is reflect the environmental pressure surrounding the coast of Tobruk, an urgently action is needed to reduce the causes of pollution and contamination by heavy metals.

scholarly journals Influence of Roughness on Quality Molybdenum Deposit Layer by Thermal Spraying

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Marián Bujna ◽  
Miroslav Prístavka ◽  
Petr Dostál ◽  
Maroš Korenko ◽  
Milan Kadnár
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Molybdenum Deposit ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deposit Layer ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this paper we deal with the impact of roughness on the quality of molybdenum layer. Insufficient cleaning may result in a poor quality of the sprayed layer. Our aim is to analyze the influence of surface roughness on the quality of molybdenum layer thickness applied by thermal spraying. Thermal spraying influence several physical and chemical properties of the coating surface. The most important ones include: hardness, density, porosity, corrosion resistance and adhesion. This technology of surface treatment of material is often used for its high degree of hardness. Hardness and erosion resistance are the parameters that need to be achieved particularly in working conditions where there is excessive depreciation of a component.

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