Analysis of Short and Long Term Variability of Nasal Mucus versus Breath Condensate Inflammation Markers in Healthy Individuals

Abstract BACKGROUND Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been suggested as a prognostic biomarker in heart failure (HF) patients that may better reflect disease progression than traditional markers, including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponins. To fully establish the utility of any biomarker in HF, its biologic variability must be characterized. METHODS To assess biologic variability, 59 patients were prospectively recruited, including 23 male and 16 female patients with stable HF and 10 male and 10 female healthy individuals. Gal-3, BNP, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) were assayed at 5 time points within a 3-week period to assess short-term biologic variability. Long-term (3-month) biologic variability was assessed with samples collected at enrollment and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Among healthy individuals, mean short-term biologic variability, expressed as intraindividual CV (CVI), was 4.5% for Gal-3, 29.0% for BNP, and 14.5% for hs-cTnI; long-term biologic variability was 5.5% for Gal-3, 34.7% for BNP, and 14.7% for hs-cTnI. In stable HF patients, mean short-term biologic variability was 7.1% for Gal-3, 22.5% for BNP, and 8.5% for hs-cTnI, and mean long-term biologic variability was 7.7% for Gal-3, 27.6% for BNP, and 9.6% for hs-cTnI. CONCLUSIONS The finding that Gal-3 has minimal intraindividual biological variability adds to its potential as a useful biomarker in HF patients.

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Short- and long-term biological variation of cardiac troponin I in healthy individuals, and patients with end-stage renal failure requiring haemodialysis or cardiomyopathy

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2020-0046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (11) ◽

pp. 1941-1949

Author(s):

Nick S. R. Lan ◽

Lan T. Nguyen ◽

Samuel D. Vasikaran ◽

Catherine Wilson ◽

Jacqueline Jonsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Cardiac Troponin ◽

Troponin I ◽

Biological Variation ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Short Term ◽

End Stage Renal Failure ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

End Stage

AbstractObjectivesHigh-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin (cTn) assays can quantitate small fluctuations in cTn concentration. Determining biological variation allows calculation of reference change values (RCV), to define significant changes. We assessed the short- and long-term biological variation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in healthy individuals and patients with renal failure requiring haemodialysis or cardiomyopathy.MethodsPlasma samples were collected hourly for 4 h and weekly for seven further weeks from 20 healthy individuals, 9 renal failure patients and 20 cardiomyopathy patients. Pre- and post-haemodialysis samples were collected weekly for 7 weeks. Samples were analysed using a hs-cTnI assay (Abbott Alinity ci-series). Within-subject biological variation (CVI), analytical variation (CVA) and between-subject biological variation (CVG) was used to calculate RCVs and index of individuality (II).ResultsFor healthy individuals, CVI, CVA, CVG, RCV and II values were 8.8, 14.0, 43.1, 45.8% and 0.38 respectively for short-term, and 41.4, 14.0, 25.8, 121.0% and 1.69 for long-term. For renal failure patients, these were 2.6, 5.8, 50.5, 17.6% and 0.30 respectively for short-term, and 19.1, 5.8, 11.2, 55.2% and 1.78 for long-term. For cardiomyopathy patients, these were 4.2, 10.0, 65.9, 30.0% and 0.16 respectively for short-term, and 17.5, 10.0, 63.1, 55.8% and 0.32 for long-term. Mean cTnI concentration was lower post-haemodialysis (15.2 vs. 17.8 ng/L, p < 0.0001), with a 16.9% mean relative change.ConclusionsThe biological variation of cTnI is similar between end-stage renal failure and cardiomyopathy patients, but proportionately greater in well-selected healthy individuals with very low baseline cTnI concentrations.

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Short- and long-term biological variation in analytes in urine of apparently healthy individuals.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/27.4.569 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 569-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M D Shephard ◽

L A Penberthy ◽

C G Fraser

Keyword(s):

Total Protein ◽

Analytical Methods ◽

Biological Variation ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Significant Percentage ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Sodium Urate ◽

Urine Specimens ◽

Apparently Healthy

Abstract Intra-individual, interindividual, and analytical components of variation for each of 10 urine analytes were estimated from results obtained on analysis of urine specimens from 10 apparently healthy young men. In spot urines, urea and osmolality showed strong individuality, but intra-individual variances were larger than interindividual variances for sodium, urate, phosphate, and glucose. Urea and osmolality displayed strong individuality in daily urines, whereas sodium (when results were expressed in output terms), urate, potassium, and total protein (when results were expressed in concentration units) had intra-individual variances larger than interindividual variances. In monthly urines, calcium and glucose, in concentration terms, and phosphate, in output terms, exhibited strongest individuality. Analytical variance was a significant percentage of the total variance for total protein and glucose; the analytical methods we used for these analytes were probably unsatisfactory. A series of analytical goals for imprecision, based on biological variation, were derived. Although these goals may not be applicable in all clinical situations, they represent the beginning of a data base in the literature.

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Sa2033 – Short- and Long-Term Alcohol Intake and Alterations in the Gut Microbiome Among Healthy Individuals

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(19)38056-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 156 (6) ◽

pp. S-479-S-480

Author(s):

Yin Cao ◽

Long H. Nguyen ◽

Raaj S. Mehta ◽

Cong Wang ◽

Xiaobin Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Short And Long Term

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Natural History of Cutaneous Human Polyomavirus Infection in Healthy Individuals

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.740947 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Luisa Bopp ◽

Ulrike Wieland ◽

Martin Hellmich ◽

Alexander Kreuter ◽

Herbert Pfister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Human Polyomavirus ◽

Merkel Cell ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Short Term ◽

Viral Loads ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Collection Period

Several human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) were recently discovered. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) induces Merkel cell carcinoma. HPyV6, HPyV7, and TSPyV have been associated with rare skin lesions in immunosuppressed patients. HPyV9, HPyV10, and Saint Louis Polyomavirus (STLPyV) have not been convincingly associated with any disease. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the cutaneous prevalence, persistence and viral load of HPyVs in healthy individuals. Eight hundred seventy forehead and hand swabs were collected from 109 volunteers 4–6 weeks apart (collection period-1). Fifty-nine participants were available for follow-up a decade later (collection period-2). HPyV-DNA prevalence and viral loads of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9, HPyV10, and STLPyV were determined by virus-specific real-time PCRs. Risk factors for HPyV prevalence, short- and long-term persistence were explored by logistic regression analyses. Baseline prevalence rates were similar for forehead and hand: MCPyV 67.9/67.0%, HPyV6 31.2/25.7%, HPyV7 13.8/11.0%, HPyV10 11.9/15.6%, STLPyV 7.3/8.3%, TSPyV 0.9/0.9%, and HPyV9 0.9/0.9%. Short-term persistence in period-1 was found in 59.6% (MCPyV), 23.9% (HPyV6), 10.1% (HPyV7), 6.4% (HPyV10), 5.5% (STLPyV), and 0% (TSPyV and HPyV9) on the forehead, with similar values for the hand. Long-term persistence for 9–12 years occurred only for MCPyV (forehead/hand 39.0%/44.1% of volunteers), HPyV6 (16.9%/11.9%), and HPyV7 (3.4%/5.1%). Individuals with short-term persistence had significantly higher viral loads at baseline compared to those with transient DNA-positivity (p < 0.001 for MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and HPyV10, respectively). This was also true for median viral loads in period-1 of MCPyV, HPyV6, and HPyV7 of volunteers with long-term persistence. Multiplicity (two or more different HPyVs) was a risk factor for prevalence and persistence for most HPyVs. Further risk factors were older age for HPyV6 and male sex for MCPyV on the forehead. Smoking was not a risk factor. In contrast to MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and rarely STLPyV, polyomaviruses TSPyV, HPyV9, and HPyV10 do not seem to be long-term constituents of the human skin virome of healthy individuals. Furthermore, this study showed that higher viral loads are associated with both short- and long-term persistence of HPyVs on the skin. HPyV multiplicity is a risk factor for prevalence, short-term and/or long-term persistence of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and HPyV10.

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Experience with Short and Long Term Courses of Local Adrenal Steroid Therapy For Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(62)80117-6 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jean A. Spencer ◽

Joseph B. Kirsner

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Adrenal Steroid ◽

Short And Long Term

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271 Studying the effect of long-term dosed exercise on the level of systemic inflammation markers in patients with II-III FC CHF

European Journal of Heart Failure Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-4215(07)60150-7 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 55-55

Author(s):

G ARUTYUNOV ◽

T CHERNIAVSKAYA ◽

O VOLGINA

Keyword(s):

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Inflammation Markers

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Short- and Long-Term Results of Total vs Subtotal Thyroid- ectomies in the Surgical Treatment of Graves' Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.7.1.20 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert ◽

Mariéthoz ◽

Pache ◽

Bertin ◽

Caulfield ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Approximately one out of five patients with Graves' disease (GD) undergoes a thyroidectomy after a mean period of 18 months of medical treatment. This retrospective and non-randomized study from a teaching hospital compares short- and long-term results of total (TT) and subtotal thyroidectomies (ST) for this disease. Methods: From 1987 to 1997, 94 patients were operated for GD. Thirty-three patients underwent a TT (mostly since 1993) and 61 a ST (keeping 4 to 8 grams of thyroid tissue - mean 6 g). All patients had received propylthiouracil and/or neo-mercazole and were in a euthyroid state at the time of surgery; they also took potassium iodide (lugol) for ten days before surgery. Results: There were no deaths. Transient hypocalcemia (< 3 months) occurred in 32 patients (15 TT and 17 ST) and persistent hypocalcemia in 8 having had TT. Two patients developed transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy after ST (< 3 months). After a median follow-up period of seven years (1-15) with five patients lost to follow-up, 41 patients having had a ST are in a hypothyroid state (73%), thirteen are euthyroid (23%), and two suffered recurrent hyperthyroidism, requiring completion of thyroidectomy. All 33 patients having had TT - with follow-ups averaging two years (0.5-8) - are receiving thyroxin substitution. Conclusions: There were no instances of persistent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in either group, but persistent hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently after TT. Long after ST, hypothyroidism developed in nearly three of four cases, whereas euthyroidy was maintained in only one-fourth; recurrent hyperthyroidy was rare.

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