scholarly journals The Bald Eagle Nests: The United States Role in State-Building: Germany, Kosovo, and Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visar Xhambazi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Bald Eagle

The American War in Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter Malkasian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Format

The American War in Afghanistan is a full history of the war in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2020. It covers political, cultural, strategic, and tactical aspects of the war and details the actions and decision-making of the United States, Afghan government, and Taliban. The work follows a narrative format to go through the 2001 US invasion, the state-building of 2002–2005, the Taliban offensive of 2006, the US surge of 2009–2011, the subsequent drawdown, and the peace talks of 2019–2020. The focus is on the overarching questions of the war: Why did the United States fail? What opportunities existed to reach a better outcome? Why did the United States not withdraw from the war?

scholarly journals Warlords, the United States, and the state of anarchy in Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shah Azami
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

As part of its “War on Terror”, the United States (US) provided immense sums of money and advanced equipment to Afghan warlords in order to defeat and dismantle the Taliban and al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Nearly two decades after the 2001 US-led intervention in Afghanistan that toppled the Taliban regime, the US continues supporting the warlords in various ways. As the intervention was also aimed at establishing a functioning state and reconstruction of the war-torn country, the US needed the support of local warlords to achieve its goals. However, over time, warlords and warlordism became a major challenge to the postTaliban state-building project and in many ways undermined the overall security and the state monopoly on violence. These warlords, who had been mostly expelled and defeated by the Taliban regime, returned under the aegis of the B52 bombers, recaptured parts of the country and reestablished their fiefdoms with US support and resources. They not only resist giving up the power and prestige they have accumulated over the past few years, but also hamper the effort to improve governance and enact necessary reforms in the country. In addition, many of them run their private militias and have been accused of serious human rights abuses as well as drug trafficking, arms smuggling, illegal mining and extortion in the areas under their control or influence. In many ways, they challenge the government authority and have become a major hurdle to the country’s emerging from lawlessness and anarchy. This paper explores the emergence and reemergence of warlords in Afghanistan as well as the evolution of chaos and anarchy in the country, especially after the US-led intervention of late 2001. It also analyzes the impact of the post-9/11 US support to Afghan warlords and its negative consequences for the overall stability and the US-led state-building process in Afghanistan.

Credit as a Tool of Statecraft

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Credit Allocation ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Farm Credit ◽  
Policy Arenas

This chapter shows how Progressives returned to the issue of farm credit distribution in the early 1900s and drew on European precedents to reframe credit allocation as a way for the central government to help people help themselves. American Progressives thus replaced their earlier, more radical farm credit politics with a more moderate vision of government-supported credit as an inexpensive way of supporting self-help. The chapter then considers the Federal Farm Loan Act (FFLA). Compared with other hallmarks of Progressive Era state building, the FFLA seems relatively unimportant. Nevertheless, it was a turning point in the use of selective credit as a tool of federal statecraft in the United States. The FFLA provided federal credit on a national level that was administered through public–private partnerships and bolstered by tax expenditures. By tracing the lead-up to this policy, one can see how Progressives forged a new array of cultural and organizational approaches to federal credit that would later proliferate across policy arenas.

Reforming the tax state: Taxation and democracy in a transatlantic perspective, France-USA (1880s-1930s)

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Nicolas Delalande
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Tax State ◽  
State Taxation

This article highlights the recent historiographical revisions that have led historians on both sides of the Atlantic to develop innovative and refreshing views on state-building and state-society relationships through a comparative study of tax reform in France and the United States at the turn of the twentieth century*. Taxation offers a good case study because it deals with the power of the state, its capacity to act upon and shape society, and provides information about the way it is perceived by citizens, as Joseph Schumpeter summed up in his famous statement (1918).

State building in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 280-312
Author(s):  
David Brown ◽  
Thomas Heinrich ◽  
Simon Middleton ◽  
Vivien Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building

4 The Administrative State in America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novak William J
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Administrative State ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
American State

This chapter examines the idea of the Continental State in a common-law context, by focusing in particular on the American state. Building on some very recent historical and theoretical work on the American state, the chapter explores the conscious effort of the United States to create a modern state based loosely on the Continental model. It argues that American ideas and institutions were not created in isolation. Rather, from the beginning, American intellectuals, jurists, and state reformers engaged in an extended trans-Atlantic dialogue concerning matters of politics, law, and statecraft. This was especially true of the period that experienced the most extensive transformations in American governance and statecraft — the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Accordingly, this chapter takes a close look at the American tradition of law and state building in this formative era — from 1866 to 1932.

The “Hearts and Minds” Fallacy: Violence, Coercion, and Success in Counterinsurgency Warfare

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline L. Hazelton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Government Benefits ◽  
The U.S

Debates over how governments can defeat insurgencies ebb and flow with international events, becoming particularly contentious when the United States encounters problems in its efforts to support a counterinsurgent government. Often the United States confronts these problems as a zero-sum game in which the government and the insurgents compete for popular support and cooperation. The U.S. prescription for success has had two main elements: to support liberalizing, democratizing reforms to reduce popular grievances; and to pursue a military strategy that carefully targets insurgents while avoiding harming civilians. An analysis of contemporaneous documents and interviews with participants in three cases held up as models of the governance approach—Malaya, Dhofar, and El Salvador—shows that counterinsurgency success is the result of a violent process of state building in which elites contest for power, popular interests matter little, and the government benefits from uses of force against civilians.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA'S SCHOLAR AND EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE USA IN THE PUBLICATIONS OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
T. Antoniuk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Science And Education

In this paper we explore scholar and educational activities of the Ukrainian Diaspora in the United States. We showcase the role of the Ukrainian Diaspora's researchers in investigation of various aspects of knowledge about Ukraine. Their activities ensured the preservation of Ukrainian identity in the Diaspora and promoted the formation of Ukrainian national identity in Ukraine during the struggle for the Ukrainian independent state. The Ukrainian Diaspora in the USA plays a significant role in state-building processes in the independent Ukraine. Ukrainian educators and scholars had dedicated their lives to theoretical and practical research. Their indefatigable studies influenced a lot independent Ukraine, its science and culture. Studying Ukrainian centers for science and education in emigration, including those United States, is an important part Ukrainian studies in whole as it reveals the peculiarities of international experience of Ukrainians and Diaspora's role in the formation of the Ukrainian independent and sovereign state.

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