Effect on Human Health due to Drinking Water Contaminated with Heavy Metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik QA ◽  
Khan MS
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health

scholarly journals Technologies Developing in Heavy Metals’ Removal from Water

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Simeonidis ◽  
Manassis Mitrakas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Drinking Water Resources

Elevated concentrations of heavy metals in drinking water resources and industrial or urban wastewater pose a serious threat to human health and the equilibrium of ecosystems [...]

Risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water on the human health, Assiut City, and its environs, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmontaser M. Seleem ◽  
Alaa Mostafa ◽  
Mohammed Mokhtar ◽  
Salman A. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health

scholarly journals Identification of Groundwater Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of a Landfill in a Low Permeability Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7690
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Kai Song ◽  
Xuelian He ◽  
Yue Peng ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Red Bed

The shallow weathering fissure groundwater in the red-bed area of Southwest China is usually the only drinking water source for most rural residents. In this study, a typical landfill with surrounding residents drinking unpurified groundwater in red-bed area was selected and water quality detection, groundwater numerical simulation and human health risk assessment were used to identify and assess groundwater pollution in the region. The chemical type evolved from HCO3-SO4-Ca-Mg and HCO3-SO4-Ca to Na-Ca-Cl-HCO3 contaminated by the landfill. Na+ and Cl− were selected as factors for rapid identification of groundwater pollution. Subsequent analyses using these factors showed that the leachate pollution plume boundary was 190 m downstream of the landfill. Analysis of the redox conditions revealed that the area from the landfill to 5 m downstream was the reduction zone, while the area beyond 5 m was the oxidation zone. The migration and attenuation patterns of inorganic salts (such as SO42−) and heavy metals (such as Fe and Mn) in the oxidation and reduction zones differed obviously. Meanwhile, the organic pollutants in the leachate were reduced and decomposed into organic acids, which caused the groundwater 80 m downstream of the landfill to become weakly acidic (pH ranged from 6.51 to 6.83), and promoted re-entry of adsorbed heavy metals (such as Pb) into the groundwater. The groundwater risk assessment based on human health revealed that lead, manganese, chlorobenzene, dichloroethane and chloroform constituted a major health threat to the residents. The rank of non-carcinogenic risk was lead >manganese, and the maximum area of non-carcinogenic risk was 15,485 m2. The total carcinogenic risk caused by organic pollutants was 7.9 × 10−6, and the area of the carcinogenic risk zone was 11,414 m2. Overall, the results of this study provide a scientific basis for management of drinking water and groundwater remediation in the red-bed area with low permeability.

scholarly journals The Groundwater Geochemistry and the Human Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water in an Area with a High Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu), Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
W. S. M. Botheju ◽  
J. A. Liyanage ◽  
S. D. P. Kannangara
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
The People

Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has become an alarming health issue in Sri Lanka. The disease is more notable among farming communities and people who consume groundwater as their main source of drinking water. To assess the possible links between drinking water chemistry and expansion of CKDu, the study was compared with hydrogeochemical data of drinking water sources in a CKDu prevalent area (Girandurukotte GND, Badulla District) and a reference area (Dambethalawa GND, Ampara District) in Sri Lanka. Based on the results, nephrotoxic heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Pb, and As) concentrations were significantly higher in the CKDu prevalent site than the reference area, compromised the harmful consequences to the people in the CKDu hotspot. Results of the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation tool indicated the nephrotoxic heavy metals contents including Cd, Pb, As, and Cr in CKDu hotspot were changed in the ranges of 9.78–187.25 μg/L, 0.08–0.66 μg/L, 20.76–103.30 μg/L, and 0.03–0.34 μg/L. The random distribution patterns were shown by the result in Moran’s index values. Noteworthy, the results have emphasized a strong association between fluoride and water hardness. The frequency of occurrence above the threshold limit of fluoride was 28% in non-CKDu water samples, while 81% in CKDu prevalent sites. The hardness values in the CKDu prevalent site indicated “moderately hard water,” while the non-CKDu area indicated the “soft water.” Furthermore, this paper quantified overall water quality and heavy metal contamination and assessed the human health risks associated with drinking water. According to the results of the water quality index, 90% of the samples in the CKDu prevalent area were classified as “poor water” and “very poor water” for drinking purposes, while 73.33% of the samples in the non-CKDu area were “good” and “excellent” for drinking usage. Calculated chronic daily intake (CDIoral) and hazard quotient (HQoral) of nephrotoxicants were higher in CKDu hotspot than the non-CKDu site. Besides, the hazard index (HI) values obtained for the CKDu prevalent area exceeding the acceptable limit (HI = 1) indicated potential health risks to the people in those areas. This study suggests that long-term exposure to nephrotoxic heavy metals, water hardness, and fluoride present in drinking water may threaten human health and affect kidney functions. Therefore, regular monitoring and better management of water supplies in CKDu prevalent areas are essential to determine the contamination load and reduce the health impacts due to excessive and long-term exposure to the nephrotoxicants.

Zero-wastewater capacitive deionization: selective removal of heavy metal ions in tap water assisted by phosphate ions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3225-3231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingkang Huang ◽  
Xiaoru Guo ◽  
Qianqian Dong ◽  
Lianjun Liu ◽  
Rebecca Tallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Novel Concept

Removing trace toxic heavy metals such as Pb2+ completely from drinking water while retaining beneficial ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ is important for protecting human health. A novel concept of zero-wastewater CDI is demonstrated to selectively remove lead ions against Ca2+ and Mg2+.

Treatment of Borehole Water Using Moringa oleifera Seed and Activated Carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Ajibola Olugbade ◽  
Folorunso Fisola Ojesola ◽  
Abdulwahab Giwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

The quality and accessibility of drinking water are of paramount importance to human health. Drinking water may contain disease causing agents and toxic chemicals, and to control the risks to public health, systematic water quality monitoring and surveillance are required. Thousands of chemicals have been identified in drinking water supplies around the world and are considered potentially hazardous to human health at relatively high concentrations. Heavy metals are the most harmful of the chemical pollutants and are of concern due to their toxicities to humans. Moringa oleifera seed acts as a natural coagulant, adsorbent and antimicrobial agent while commercial activated carbon is known for its excellent heavy metal removal. It is believed that Moringa oleifera seed is an organic natural polymer. This work has been carried out to analyse the removal of some heavy metals (lead, nickel, iron, and zinc) from borehole water using moringa seed powder, activated carbon and a combination of the two adsorbents. The results obtained showed that Moringa oleifera is environmentally friendly and suitable for water treatment containing undesirable heavy metals. It was also discovered that all the adsorbents were able to completely remove the lead metal in the water. Furthermore, within the adsorbent dosage limit investigated, only activated carbon could remove all the zinc present in the water. However, there was an indication that higher dosage of the coagulants would be able to remove higher percentage of the other metals. It was also found that, in some cases, an increase in the dosage of some adsorbents led to decrease in the percentage removal of some metals. This was observed to be an indication that there could be the need to take note of the optimum dosages of the adsorbents that need to be used in treating any water. The good performances displayed by these local adsorbents have shown that they could effectively replace the chemicals that have been found to have links with some health problems in human.

scholarly journals Inorganic substances in drinking water and their influence on the human body

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Rajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Inorganic Substances

In drinking water, which is consumed daily, either directly, or with food there is a number of compounds, organic or inorganic, depending on the water type, origin and processing. The presence of these substances, due to their daily consumption, may exert a negative influence on human health and even lead to tragic outcomes.A list of inorganic substances and elements that may be found in water is presented in this paper, together with their permitted concentrations (MAC values) and the consequences they may cause, if present in concentrations higher than those permitted by regulations. Special emphasis is placed on heavy metals, because in most instances, they influence the human body unfavourably.

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