Macro and Micro Nutrients Status in Soil under Application of Vermicompost, Zn and Fe Fertilizers in Maize Crop

A field experiment was conducted at Student’s instructional farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh during the kharif season 2019 and 2020. “Macro and micro nutrients status in soil under application of vermicompost, Zn and Fe fertilizers in Maize crop.” Two levels of organic manure and four levels each zinc and iron was evaluated under factorial randomized block design with three replications. All the nutrients were applied to maize crop in both seasons and their direct residual response was ascertained to soil were findout. Results indicated that the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium status in soil was highly improved with the application of 2.5 tonne vermicompost + 7.5 Kg Zn + 15 Kg Fe ha-1 over all the treatments. The treatment combination M1Zn3Fe3 (2.5 tonne vermicompost + 7.5 Kg Zn + 15 Kg Fe) gave the best result in terms of available nitrogen (221.60 & 220 Kg ha-1), available phosphorus (15.50 & 15.70 Kg ha-1), available potassium (145.15 & 145.24 Kg ha-1), available zinc (0.578 & 0.588 ppm) and available iron (4.30 & 4.36 ppm) across the seasons.

Levels of Available Zinc in Soil of Teaching and Research Farm Modibbo Adama University, Yola, North East Nigeria

A study was conducted to assess the status of available zinc in soil of Teaching and Research Farm, Modibbo Adama University, Yola North East, Nigeria. Ten soil samples were collected from 0 – 20 and 20 – 50 cm depths to reflect the soil of the study area. The soils were analysed following standard laboratory procedures. Result obtained showed that the soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam, slightly acidic (mean = 6.4 – surface; 6.5 – subsurface soils), very low OC content (mean = 0.35 % – surface; 0.27 % – subsurface soils), low to medium Total N and exchangeable bases. Zinc was generally low to medium (range = 0.18 – 1.71; mean = 1.12 % in surface soils, and range = 0.32 – 2.71; mean = 1.35 % in subsurface soils). Zinc is not correlated with most of the soil properties in both soil depths. In surface soil, a positively correlation with potassium (r = 0.702*) was observed and negative correlation with Total N (r = -0.634*) in subsurface soils. It is recommended that for successful and profitable crop production, application of inorganic fertilizers plus zinc and organic material should be encouraged.

Assessment of status and distribution of available micronutrients in soils under different land uses of savannah North Central Region of Nigeria

This study examines the availability of micronutrients under different land uses: natural vegetation, tree plantations (orange and cashew) and arable crops (maize and guinea corn). Available zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were analysed in one hundred and fifty (150) randomly selected soil samples. Iron at the topsoil and subsoil under tree plantations and natural vegetation was rated marginal, under arable crops it was marginal at topsoil and deficient at subsoil. Available Mn and Zn at the topsoil and subsoil was adequate under all the land uses, with the exception of maize which fell under marginal ranking at topsoil. Copper was rated deficient under arable crops and orange, marginal under cashew, while natural vegetation was marginal at subsoil and adequate at topsoil. The results revealed that arable crops unlike tree plantations statistically differed on all occasions when their mean scores were compared with those of the natural vegetation. Copper-enriched inorganic fertilizers should be used by farmers. Monitoring of soil nutrients should be carried out regularly, in order to improve upon sustainable farming.

Assessment of soil fertility under northern light soil area of FCV tobacco in Andhra Pradesh

An assessment of soil fertility of Northern Light Soil area of FCV tobacco was carried out to study the status of soil macro and micronutrients. Soils of the study area are mostly moderately acidic in nature with low organic carbon and available nitrogen with a mean value of 0.29 % & 110 kg ha-1, respectively. Available phosphorus was high (88% samples) with a mean value of 92.6 kg ha-1. While the average available potassium content was 297 kg ha-1 with 48 % samples in medium class. Among available micronutrients, the available zinc content in 73 % of samples was very low – low (0.0 to 0.6 ppm). Whereas the availability of copper in 25 % samples was very low to low as per the fertility class (0.0 - 0.30 ppm). Available iron (18.8 -35.03 ppm) and manganese (17.03-21.5 ppm) contents were high in the region. Nutrient index of available nitrogen was 1.00 (Low) while, NI was 2.83 (High) & 2.36 (Medium) for available phosphorus and available potassium, respectively.

Comparative Evaluation of the Rheological Properties, upon Addition of Water, of Three Commercially Available Zinc Oxide Eugenol Impression Materials

BACKGROUND Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) impression paste is commonly used for secondary impression. Water acts as an accelerator to zinc oxide eugenol paste. Study was carried out to determine its flow property and the effect of addition of water on flow properties for different commercially available zinc oxide eugenol impression pastes. We wanted to compare and evaluate the flow properties of ZOE impression paste without water and after addition of water as an accelerator for three different commercially available zinc oxide eugenol impression pastes. METHODS Three commercially available zinc oxide eugenol impression pastes used were - DPI (Dental Product of India), Neogenate (Septodont), IMAGE (Prime Dental Pro.Ltd). A total of 15 discs were made without accelerator and with addition of 1, 2 and 3 drops of water for the three brands of the zinc oxide eugenol paste. Then the flow of each was tested. Data of flow was analysed using one way- ANOVA and post hoc test. RESULTS It was found that the mean flow of zinc oxide eugenol impression paste without the use of accelerator for DPI, Septodont, Image was 4.72 ± 0.56, 4.20 ± 0.75, and 3.50 ± 0.57 respectively. The mean flow of zinc oxide eugenol impression paste with the use of one drop of accelerator for DPI, Septodont, Image was 4.98 ± 0.3493, 4.54 ± 0.6025, and 3.940 ± 0.4722 respectively. With the use of two and three drops of accelerator for DPI was 4.18 ± 0.7259 and 2.68 ± 0.3701, for Septodont was 3.880 ± 0.6907 and 2.32 ± 0.2775 and for Image flow was 3.20 ± 0.5745 and 1.80 ± 0.4000. CONCLUSIONS DPI had the maximum flow as compared to other brands of zinc oxide eugenol impression paste. KEY WORDS Zinc Oxide Eugenol, Impression Material, Flow, and Accelerator

Distribution of DTPA Extractable Micronutrients in Soils of Central Telangana Region of Telangana

Forty soil samples from ten pedons of the Central Telangana region, Telangana were studied for the vertical distribution of DTPA extractable. Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn and their relationship with some soil properties. Soil pH, CaCO3,, organic carbon and particle-size distribution had a strong influence on the distribution of these micronutrients. The content of the micronutrient increased with the an increase in organic carbon and decreased with an increase in pH and CaCO3. There was a decreasing trend for the distribution of these micronutrients with respect to depth. As per the critical limit prescribed for Zn, and Fe, 55 and 12% of the soil could be rated as deficient in available zinc and iron, respectively. Copper and manganese were found to be adequate.

Zinc shapes the folding landscape of p53 and establishes a pathway for reactivating structurally diverse cancer mutants

Missense mutations in the p53 DNA-binding domain (DBD) contribute to half of new cancer cases annually. Here we present a thermodynamic model that quantifies and links the major pathways by which mutations inactivate p53. We find that DBD possesses two unusual properties—one of the highest zinc affinities of any eukaryotic protein and extreme instability in the absence of zinc—which are predicted to poise p53 on the cusp of folding/unfolding in the cell, with a major determinant being available zinc concentration. We analyze the 20 most common tumorigenic p53 mutations and find that 80% impair zinc affinity, thermodynamic stability, or both. Biophysical, cell-based, and murine xenograft experiments demonstrate that a synthetic zinc metallochaperone rescues not only mutations that decrease zinc affinity, but also mutations that destabilize DBD without impairing zinc binding. The results suggest that zinc metallochaperones have the capability to treat 120,500 patients annually in the U.S.