scholarly journals A Short-Term Intervention to Reduce Stress Levels in Workplace for Office Worker at UEFA—The Union of European Football Associations in Nyon/Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 211-228
Author(s):  
Katia A. Henry ◽  
Karl J. Neeser ◽  
Claus Muss
Keyword(s):  
Office Worker ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
European Football

Stress in Music Managers and Artists: Pilot study on Czech and Slovak Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Kateřina Vašíčková ◽  
Andrea Mikotová ◽  
Lucie Šilerová
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Solo Music ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Group A

AbstractThe aim of the presented study was to do a pilot research on the comparison of the incidence of stress in a group of students of music management and art of music. We examined whether artists and music managers differ in the perception of the intensity of stress when playing (working) solo from the intensity when playing (working) in group. Furthermore, we focused on the most common stressors and main stress symptoms among music managers and artists. Total 63 students of music, cultural or art management (average age 28.6 years; 69.8 % were women) and 75 students of art of music (average age 26.7 years; 64 % were women) filled out an online questionnaire in the spring of 2016. The results show that while artists reported higher stress levels when playing solo, music managers reported higher stress levels when working in a group. A closer look showed that while only a few music managers (4,8 %) are intensely stressed when working in a team, a considerable group of artists (26 %) stated that they were most stressed out when playing solo. As their main work stressors artists mentioned blackouts, unpreparedness, and audience, music managers listed flaws in the human factor, time pressure and financial problems. Stress symptoms among artists are mainly physiological and short-term but at the same time intensive, while stress symptoms among music managers are rather long-term and related to psyche, and relationships with others.

Chronic Testosterone Deprivation Sensitizes the Middle-Aged Rat Brain to Damaging Effects of Testosterone Replacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 914-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charity Smith ◽  
Jo Contreras-Garza ◽  
Rebecca L. Cunningham ◽  
Jessica M. Wong ◽  
Philip H. Vann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Middle Aged Male

Introduction: An increasing number of middle-aged men are being screened for low testosterone levels and the number of prescriptions for various forms of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has increased dramatically over the last 10 years. However, the safety of TRT has come into question with some studies suggesting increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: Because the benefits of estrogen replacement in postmenopausal women and ovariectomized rodents are lost if there is an extended delay between estrogen loss and replacement, we hypothesized that TRT may also be sensitive to delayed replacement. Methods: We compared the effects of testosterone replacement after short-term (2 weeks) and long-term testosterone deprivation (LTTD; 10 weeks) in middle-aged male rats on cerebral ischemia, oxidative stress, and cognitive function. We hypothesized that LTTD would increase oxidative stress levels and abrogate the beneficial effects of TRT. Results: Hypogonadism itself and TRT after short-term castration did not affect stroke outcome compared to intact rats. However, after long-term hypogonadism in middle-aged male Fischer 344 rats, TRT exacerbated the detrimental behavioral effects of experimental focal cerebral ischemia, whereas this detrimental effect was prevented by administration of the free-radical scavenger tempol, suggesting that TRT exacerbates oxidative stress. In contrast, TRT improved cognitive performance in non-stroked rats regardless of the length of hypogonadism. In the Morris water maze, peripheral oxidative stress was highly associated with decreased cognitive ability. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that TRT after long-term hypogonadism can exacerbate functional recovery after focal cerebral ischemia, but in the absence of injury can enhance cognition. Both of these effects are modulated by oxidative stress levels.

Routine handling does not lead to chronic stress in captive green anole (Anolis carolinensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
G Borgmans ◽  
R Palme ◽  
A Sannen ◽  
H Vervaecke ◽  
R Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Anolis Carolinensis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Green Anole ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Routine Handling ◽  
Base Width

Routine handling has been shown to affect stress levels in a variety of animal species. This could result in a general decrease in welfare and may confound the results of scientific experiments or observations on captive study animals. In reptiles, there seems to be variation in the effects of handling on stress levels. Furthermore, most studies on reptiles only look at the effect of handling in the short term. In this study we quantified the physiological and behavioural impact of being held, twice daily, for 1 min at a time over a three-week period on the green anole (Anolis carolinensis). Measurements were collected at the end of the three-week repeated handling period. Our results showed no effect of repeated handling on body mass, tail-base width, heterophil to lymphocyte ratios (H/L ratios), behaviour and faecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) levels for both males and females in the experimental treatments ('handled', 'unhandled'). Our study animals did score very highly for several stress-indicating variables in the three weeks preceding the experiments — suggesting that they had experienced considerable stress during capture, transport and temporary housing in the pet store.

scholarly journals Post-release survival and physiology of angled luderick (Girella tricuspidata) after confinement in keeper nets in an Australian estuary

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Butcher ◽  
Matt K. Broadhurst ◽  
Karina C. Hall ◽  
Steven J. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Australian Estuary

Abstract Butcher, P. A., Broadhurst, M. K., Hall, K. C., and Cooke, S. J. 2011. Post-release survival and physiology of angled luderick (Girella tricuspidata) after confinement in keeper nets in an Australian estuary. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . The study was initiated in response to concerns about the post-release welfare of angled luderick (Girella tricuspidata) after protracted confinement in keeper nets. In all, 111 fish were angled and confined for 2–250 min before being released into holding cages (with 87 controls) and monitored for 4 d. Blood was taken from fish angled and brought on board immediately (n = 11), angled and held in keeper nets (n = 25), and angled and held in monitoring cages for 4 d (n = 12). Blood was also taken from controls held in monitoring cages for 4 d (n = 12). No controls and only one angled fish died. Compared with immediately sampled angled fish, those confined in keeper nets had significantly elevated cortisol, glucose, lactate, chloride, sodium, and aspartate aminotransferase. Most of the variables returned to pre-stress levels in caged fish after 4 d. Despite this recovery, the short-term stress associated with capture and keeper-net confinement has welfare implications and justifies avoiding such a practice and/or reducing the personal daily angling quota of the species.

scholarly journals Ranolazine Improves Glycemic Variability and Endothelial Function in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Coronary Syndromes: Results from an Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Annunziata Nusca ◽  
Federico Bernardini ◽  
Fabio Mangiacapra ◽  
Ernesto Maddaloni ◽  
Rosetta Melfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Glucose Lowering Therapy ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background. Ranolazine is a second-line drug for the management of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). Glucose-lowering and endothelial effects have also been reported with this agent. However, whether ranolazine may improve short-term glycemic variability (GV), strictly related to the prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), is unknown. Thus, we aimed to explore the effects of adding ranolazine to standard anti-ischemic and glucose-lowering therapy on long- and short-term GV as well as on endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with T2D and CCS. Methods. Patients starting ranolazine ( n = 16 ) were evaluated for short-term GV, haemoglobin 1Ac (Hb1Ac) levels, endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and oxidative stress levels at enrolment and after 3-month follow-up. The same measurements were collected from 16 patients with CCS and T2D that did not receive ranolazine, matched for age, gender, and body mass index. Results. A significant decline in Hb1Ac levels was reported after 3-month ranolazine treatment (mean change -0.60%; 2-way ANOVA p = 0.025 ). Moreover, among patients receiving ranolazine, short-term GV indexes were significantly improved over time compared with baseline ( p = 0.001 for time in range; 2-way ANOVA p = 0.010 ). Conversely, no significant changes were reported in patients without ranolazine. Finally, greater FMD and lower oxidative stress levels were observed in patients on ranolazine at 3 months. Conclusions. Ranolazine added to standard anti-ischemic and glucose-lowering therapy demonstrated benefit in improving the glycemic status of patients with T2D and CCS. How this improvement contributes to the overall myocardial benefit of ranolazine requires further studies.

Important Role of Relaxation Techniques on Immune Functions, Glycemic Control, and Stress in Diabetic patients with COVID-19: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Abdalla Mahmoud Mohamed ◽  
Motaz Alawna
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Stress Levels

Background: COVID-19 is a world disaster. COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus (DM) relationship is double-faced because DM is considered one of the COVID-19 key risk factors causing an increase in COVID-19 related conditions and death rates; at the same time, high stress in patients with COVID-19 can lead to the occurrence of DM. This relationship adversely affects immune functions. Relaxation techniques have been demonstrated to positively affect immune functions, glycemic control, and stress levels. Methods: A search in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline databases, and EBSCO has been made. The search included clinical trials and systematic and literature reviews on the effects of relaxation techniques on immune functions, glycemic control, and stress levels. Results: This review found that relaxation techniques produce short-term effects on decreasing stress levels through an autonomic regulation, controlling glycemic control through decreasing hyperglycemia, and increasing immune functions through increasing immune cells and immunoglobins A. Conclusion: This review summarizes the important role of performing regular relaxation techniques for COVID-19 patients with DM. Relaxation techniques benefit diabetic patients with COVID-19 through decreasing stress levels, better controlling of glycemic control, and increasing immune functions.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

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