scholarly journals Relationship between Infection Period of Potato Virus Y and Seasonal Occurrence of Aphid Vectors in a Potato Field during Spring Production in the Shimabara Peninsula.

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Sayama ◽  
Tetsuji Ogawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Mukaida
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Potato Field ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Seasonal Abundance of Aphid Vectors of Potato Virus Y in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and North Dakota

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D. Difonzo ◽  
David W. Ragsdale ◽  
Edward B. Radcliffe ◽  
Neil C. Gudmestad ◽  
Gary A. Secor
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Red River ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Red River Valley ◽  
Aphid Vectors

SOME EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE ON POTATO VIRUS Y IN VITRO, AND ABILITY OF APHIDS TO TRANSMIT THE VIRUS WHEN THEIR STYLETS ARE TREATED WITH FORMALDEHYDE

1955 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 783-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. E. Bradley ◽  
R. Y. Ganong
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Infected Tobacco

Potato virus Y (PVY) was made noninfective by incubation with formaldehyde in vitro. Yet this noninfective virus reacted with PVY antiserum and caused antibodies to be produced in rabbits as readily as infective PVY. A method is described for baring the stylets of living aphids beyond the end of the labium, which normally encloses the stylets. Specimens of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) infective with PVY were made noninfective by treating the stylets for 30 sec. with concentrations of formaldehyde as low as 0.03%; and 0.25% formaldehyde caused the same effect in five seconds. Aphids were also made noninfective when the proboscis with the tip of the stylets bared was treated with formaldehyde, even after the stylets had been inserted a considerable distance into infected tobacco plants. By contrast, aphids usually remained infective when the proboscis with the stylets enclosed in the labium was treated with similar concentrations of formaldehyde. However, formaldehyde treatment of the stylets did not affect the ability of aphids immediately thereafter to acquire and transmit PVY. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that viruses transmitted like PVY are carried by the stylets of their aphid vectors.

scholarly journals First Report of Recombinant Potato virus Y Strains Infecting Potato in Jordan

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1017
Author(s):  
G. Anfoka ◽  
F. Haj Ahmad ◽  
M. Altaleb ◽  
M. Al Shhab ◽  
S. Abubaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
First Report ◽  
Recombinant Strains ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Jordan, occupying second position after olives. In 2012, potatoes were planted on about 6,000 ha with a production of about 141,000 t (2). Potato virus Y (PVY) is a serious problem for potato production worldwide. Recombinant strains of the virus were reported to cause tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) in many potato-growing regions of the world. In the last few years, a new recombinant PVYNTN-NW that belongs to PVYZ (3) has been reported in the neighboring Syria. It included three recombination patterns, SYR-I, SYR-II, and SYR-III, and caused severe PTNRD (1). Since PVY is easily transmitted from one region to another by aphid vectors and infected potato seeds, this study was initiated to investigate the possible occurrence of PVY strains in Jordan. In October 2013, 33 leaf samples were collected from symptomatic potato plants cv. Spunta from Wadi Rum, Jordan (GPS coordinates 29°31′37.76″ N, 35°42′48.75″ E), the largest potato-producing area in Jordan. Sampled plants displayed leaf mottling and yellowing, symptoms similar to those caused by PVY. All samples were tested for PVY by DAS-ELISA using the ELISA kit (monoclonal cocktail) developed by BIOREBA (Reinach, Switzerland) to detect all PVY isolates. Twenty-nine samples were found positive for PVY by ELISA. To confirm virus infection, total RNA was extracted from all ELISA-positive samples and used as template in uniplex RT-PCR using strain-specific primers (1). The band pattern of PCR amplicons showed that 12 samples were infected with PVYNTN-NW genotype SYR-III and produced bands of 1,085, 441, and 278 bp. One sample was infected with PVYNTN (A) and produced bands of 1,307, 633, and 441 bp, and one other sample was infected with PVYNTN-NW genotype SYR-II and produced bands of 1,085 and 441 bp. Mixed infection with PVYNTN-NW genotype SYR-III and PVYNTN (B) was also detected in one sample producing bands of 278, 441, 1,085, and 1,307 bp. To confirm infection with the recombinant strains, PCR fragments of 278 bp amplified from three samples and 1,085 bp obtained from another three samples were directly sequenced and sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers KJ159968, KJ159969, and KJ159970 for the 278-bp fragment and KJ159974, KJ159975, and KJ159976 for the 1,085-bp fragment. Sequence comparison with other PVY strains available in the NCBI database showed that the 278-bp fragment had the highest nucleotide sequence identity (100%) with PVY isolates SYR-III-A26 (AB461467) and SYR-III-2-4 (AB461457) from Syria. BLAST searches also showed that the 1,085-bp fragment shared 99% nucleotide identities with PVY isolates SYR-II-L3 (AB461482) and SYR-II-Be4 (AB461474) from Aleppo, Syria. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PVY recombinants in Jordan, and the first report of PVYNTN-NW recombinants infecting potato crop outside Syria. Since Europe is the main supplier of potato seeds for farmers in Jordan and Syria, the introduction of PVYNTN-NW to the region could have happened through infected potato seeds. Results of this study create new challenges for potato growers in Jordan as well as other countries in the region. References: (1) M. Chikh Ali et al. J. Virol. Methods 165:15, 2010. (2) FAO. http://faostat.fao.org/ (3) A. V. Karasev and S. M. Gray. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 51:571, 2013.

scholarly journals Potato virus Y HCPro Localization at Distinct, Dynamically Related and Environment-Influenced Structures in the Cell Cytoplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco del Toro ◽  
Fátima Tena Fernández ◽  
Jens Tilsner ◽  
Kathryn M. Wright ◽  
Francisco Tenllado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Fluorescent Protein Tags ◽  
Protein Tags

Potyvirus HCPro is a multifunctional protein that, among other functions, interferes with antiviral defenses in plants and mediates viral transmission by aphid vectors. We have visualized in vivo the subcellular distribution and dynamics of HCPro from Potato virus Y and its homodimers, using green, yellow, and red fluorescent protein tags or their split parts, while assessing their biological activities. Confocal microscopy revealed a pattern of even distribution of fluorescence throughout the cytoplasm, common to all these modified HCPros, when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells in virus-free systems. However, in some cells, distinct additional patterns, specific to some constructs and influenced by environmental conditions, were observed: i) a small number of large, amorphous cytoplasm inclusions that contained α-tubulin; ii) a pattern of numerous small, similarly sized, dot-like inclusions distributing regularly throughout the cytoplasm and associated or anchored to the cortical endoplasmic reticulum and the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton; and iii) a pattern that smoothly coated the MT. Furthermore, mixed and intermediate forms from the last two patterns were observed, suggesting dynamic transports between them. HCPro did not colocalize with actin filaments or the Golgi apparatus. Despite its association with MT, this network integrity was required neither for HCPro suppression of silencing in agropatch assays nor for its mediation of virus transmission by aphids.

A New Approach for the Identification of Aphid Vectors (Hemiptera: Aphididae) of Potato Virus Y

2012 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 1909-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pelletier ◽  
X. Nie ◽  
M.-A. Giguère ◽  
U. Nanayakkara ◽  
E. Maw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Aphid Vectors

scholarly journals Potato Virus Y Emergence and Evolution from the Andes of South America to Become a Major Destructive Pathogen of Potato and Other Solanaceous Crops Worldwide

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Lesley Torrance ◽  
Michael E. Talianksy
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The potato was introduced to Europe from the Andes of South America in the 16th century, and today it is grown worldwide; it is a nutritious staple food eaten by millions and underpins food security in many countries. Unknowingly, potato virus Y (PVY) was also introduced through trade in infected potato tubers, and it has become the most important viral pathogen of potato. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed the spread and emergence of strains of PVY, including strains causing economically important diseases in tobacco, tomato and pepper, and that the virus continues to evolve with the relatively recent emergence of new damaging recombinant strains. High-throughput, next-generation sequencing platforms provide powerful tools for detection, identification and surveillance of new PVY strains. Aphid vectors of PVY are expected to increase in incidence and abundance in a warmer climate, which will increase the risk of virus spread. Wider deployment of crop cultivars carrying virus resistance will be an important means of defence against infection. New cutting-edge biotechnological tools such as CRISPR and SIGS offer a means for rapid engineering of resistance in established cultivars. We conclude that in future, human activities and ingenuity should be brought to bear to control PVY and the emergence of new strains in key crops by increased focus on host resistance and factors driving virus evolution and spread.

scholarly journals POTATO VIRUS Y: AN EVOLVING PATHOGEN OF POTATO WORLDWIDE

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Naveed ◽  
Amjad Abbas ◽  
Luqman Amrao
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the important diseases of potato throughout the world wherever potatoes are grown. Yield losses in potato due to PVY are upto 70% if infection occurs at initial growth stages of plants. More than eight PVY strains have been reported worldwide which differ from each other based on symptoms they produce in the infected host plants and at their genetic makeup. In recent past years, new necrotic strains of PVY have emerged which are more damaging as they produce necrotic rings and arms on the tubers of infected plants. With increasing aphid population during last decade, incidence of PVY epidemics has increased worldwide. Managing PVY is difficult as some strains do not produce symptoms on infected potato plants and disease diagnosis becomes difficult. In Pakistan, work on strain differentiation of PVY and their aphid vectors are lacking and there is need of molecular research to identify PVY strains which are present in Pakistan.

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