Regeneration of the central nervous system-principles from brain regeneration in adult zebrafish

Abstract Benzodiazepines are highly effective in combating anxiety; however, they have considerable adverse effects, so it is important to discover new safe anxiolytic agents. This study was designed to investigate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effect of natural product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (HTMCX) and its possible mechanisms of action in adult zebrafish. The open field and light / dark tests (n = 6 animals/group) were used to assess anxiety and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) as a seizure inducer. The 96-hour acute toxicity of HTMCX was also investigated. HTMCX (1, 3, and 10 mg / kg; v.o.) was not toxic and affected locomotor activity. The highest doses (3 and 10 mg / kg; v.o.) produced signs of anxiolytic action in the light / dark test, and this effect was abolished by the pizotifen (antagonist 5HTR1 and 5HTR2A / 2C), having the potential to form a complex in the same region of the site indicating that the anxiolytic effect via the serotonergic mechanism. However, the anxiolytic effect of HTMCX has not been abolished by flumazenil (antagonist GABARA), cyproheptadine (antagonist 5HTR2A), and granisetron (antagonist 5HTR3A / 3B). Therefore, HTMCX demonstrated an anxiolytic effect, suggesting that the 5HTR1 and 5HTR / 2C receptors may be involved in the pharmacological performance of this acetophenone in the central nervous system.

Download Full-text

Topographical Analysis of Reactive Zinc in the Central Nervous System of Adult Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

Zebrafish ◽

10.1089/zeb.2013.0882 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 376-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marcos M. Braga ◽

Denis B. Rosemberg ◽

Diogo L. de Oliveira ◽

Cássio M. Loss ◽

Sandro D. Córdova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Topographical Analysis

Download Full-text

Anxiolytic-Like Effect of Natural Product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone Isolated From Croton Anisodontus in Adult Zebrafish via Serotonergic Neuromodulation Involvement of the 5-ht System

10.21203/rs.3.rs-264930/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Wlisses da Silva ◽

Maria Kueirislene A. Ferreira ◽

Emanuela L. Rebouças ◽

Francisco Rogenio S. Mendes ◽

Atilano Lucas dos S. Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Locomotor Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Natural Product ◽

Anxiolytic Effect ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Anticonvulsant Effect ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

The Central Nervous System

Abstract Benzodiazepines are highly effective in combating anxiety; however, they have considerable adverse effects, so it is important to discover new safe anxiolytic agents. This study was designed to investigate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effect of natural product 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (HTMCX) and its possible mechanisms of action in adult zebrafish. The open field and light / dark tests (n = 6 animals/group) were used to assess anxiety and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) as a seizure inducer. The 96-hour acute toxicity of HTMCX was also investigated. HTMCX (1, 3, and 10 mg / Kg; v.o.) was not toxic and affected locomotor activity. The highest doses (3 and 10 mg / Kg; v.o.) produced signs of anxiolytic action in the light / dark test, and this effect was abolished by the pizotifen (antagonist 5HTR1 and 5HTR2A / 2C), having the potential to form a complex in the same region of the site indicating that the anxiolytic effect via the serotonergic mechanism. However, the anxiolytic effect of HTMCX has not been abolished by flumazenil (antagonist GABARA), cyproheptadine (antagonist 5HTR2A), and granisetron (antagonist 5HTR3A / 3B). Therefore, HTMCX demonstrated an anxiolytic effect, suggesting that the 5HTR1 and 5HTR / 2C receptors may be involved in the pharmacological performance of this acetophenone in the central nervous system.

Download Full-text

Decision letter for "Differential expression of five prosomatostatin genes in the central nervous system of the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula"

10.1002/cne.24898/v1/decision1 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Differential Expression ◽

Scyliorhinus Canicula ◽

The Central Nervous System

Download Full-text

Review for "The central nervous system of whip spiders (Amblypygi): large mushroom bodies receive olfactory and visual input"

10.1002/cne.25045/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Harald Wolf

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Visual Input ◽

Mushroom Bodies ◽

The Central Nervous System

Download Full-text

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100067121 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Gladys Harrison

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Oxygen Effects ◽

Age Dependent ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Subject ◽

Space Age ◽

Alveolar Septa ◽

Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Download Full-text

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100077517 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 788-789

Author(s):

John L.Beggs ◽

John D. Waggener ◽

Wanda Miller ◽

Jane Watkins

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Osmium Tetroxide ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Arterial Perfusion ◽

E Coli ◽

Intracisternal Injection ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Brain And Spinal Cord ◽

Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Download Full-text

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053024 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 44-45

Author(s):

Ezzatollah Keyhani

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Nervous System ◽

Common Property ◽

Extracellular Medium ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Common ◽

Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

Download Full-text