Validation of Crush Energy Calculation Methods for Use in Accident Reconstructions by Finite Element Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Shusuke Numata ◽  
Koji Mizuno ◽  
Daisuke Ito ◽  
Dai Okumura ◽  
Hisashi Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis

scholarly journals A Simulation Study to Calculate a Structure Conceived by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in 1850 with Finite Element Analysis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Rueda Márquez de la Plata ◽  
Pablo Alejandro Cruz Franco
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Complex Materials ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Subsequent Calculation

This study aims to investigate the application of finite element calculations to mixed structures of complex materials. As an example, we chose a vault designed by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in 1850, at which time it was not possible to verify the complexities of the different materials working together in a single structure using these calculation methods. To carry out the simulation, the internal qualities of each material and its current equivalent are taken into account. Thus, the composition of each element is crucial for its integration into the whole structure and its modeling and subsequent calculation. With this research, we show that a finite element analysis can also be applied to structures that are yet to be built. Furthermore, we verify the technological, construction and materials knowledge that has led us here and demonstrate that what was once a utopian vision can now be realized using the structures and materials we have access to today.

Forensic Estimation of Uplift of an Anchored Tank During the 2011 Earthquake Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Yoshida ◽  
Tomoyo Taniguchi ◽  
Teruhiro Nakashima ◽  
Ken Hatayama
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Time History ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Explicit Finite Element ◽  
Explicit Finite Element Analysis ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Anchor Bolts

Abstract The reconnaissance just after the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku reported the pulling out of anchor bolts of an upright cylindrical tank. Regarding the tank as an unanchored tank and employing the accelerogram recorded at 2 km off the tank, uplift of the unanchored tank during the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku was forensically examined. The time history of the uplift displacement of the tank computed by the explicit finite element analysis reveals that the unanchored tank uplifts during the earthquake and its uplift displacement is more than the length of the pulling out of the anchor bolts found by the reconnaissance. This implicitly corroborates applicability of the explicit finite element analysis to analyzing the tank rocking behavior. In addition to that, the uplift displacement of the unanchored tank was estimated by some calculation methods available to date and compared with that computed by the explicit finite element analysis. Comparison reveals that the calculation methods used herein may likely overestimate the uplift displacement of the unanchored tank and need to improve their calculation accuracy.

The Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of New Connection

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1281-1284
Author(s):  
Chun Gang Wang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Guo Chang Li ◽  
Jin Guo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Vibration Wave ◽  
Better Than

Purlin connections have important influence on the stiffness, bearing capacity and the purlin calculation methods. A new kind of purlin connection was put forward in this paper. The mechanical behavior of the new connection was studied by finite element analysis using software ANSYS. As can be seen from the simulation results, the new connection can enhance the stiffness of purlin, and effect of each new wave connection is better than the promotion of purlin stiffness in the vibration wave connection. New connection has a better promotion effect for small stiffness of purlin.

Reassessment of the load capacity of an aged bridge under new design methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Dong ◽  
Dongli Sun ◽  
Yizhuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Concrete Filled Steel Tube ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
And Performance

<p>With the fast development of design and calculation methods, the loads and checking requirements of the bridge are constantly improving, and the reassessment of aged bridges is necessary in order to estimate the residual load capacity and performance of these structures. By using new design technologies and durability concepts, through the refined spatial finite element analysis of a 100 m span concrete-filled steel tube arch bridge designed in 2003, the reduction of the load capacity caused by the change of loads and codes is calculated; the errors caused by the lack of design and calculation methods are compared; the decrease of load capacity caused by durability degradation in 10 and 20 years is estimated. The method can effectively evaluate how the aged bridges functions now, so that it can provide guidance for the future operation and maintenance of the aged bridges.</p>

Evaluation of Tendon Anchorage Zone Stresses in Prestressed Concrete Nuclear Containment Using Detailed Finite Element Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Wang ◽  
Javeed A. Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Simple Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hand Calculation ◽  
Design Pressure

Nuclear containments serve the critical function of providing a leak proof boundary for containment of radiation in nuclear power plants. The containments are, generally, steel, reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete depending upon the diameter and internal design pressure. Prestressed concrete containments are used in large nuclear containments with significant design internal pressure. In these situations, the externally applied prestressing serves to counter internal design pressure due to LOCA (loss of coolant accident) and other accident loads thus reducing the required thickness and reinforcement demand. The prestressing tendons are placed in sheathing within the concrete. After the concrete achieves its required strength, the tendons are stretched and locked off against the ends of the concrete called anchorage zones. These anchorage zones are thus subjected to substantial compressive and splitting stresses and need to be properly designed and detailed. Since anchorage zones are the primary location of the prestressing force transfer to concrete, they experience very large and localized bearing and splitting stresses which can have significant safety and structural consequences for the containment integrity. Simple analysis based on strut-and-tie model is generally used for design of prestressed concrete anchorage zones. But because of the stress concentrations and potential impact to structural integrity, it is prudent to utilize detailed finite element method to verify and/or substantiate the results from simple analysis. The finite element (FE) analysis of tendon anchorage zone requires a refined mesh in order to capture the geometry of details surrounding tendons. This paper presents a detailed and practical finite element model used to perform a comprehensive stress analysis of an anchorage zone of a large post-tensioned containment. Both local and general anchorage zones are evaluated. A fictitious case of tendon anchorage zone is established as an example case based on typical parameters of nuclear plants. A 3D finite element model is then developed using ANSYS Version 13.0, in which the effect of tendon sleeve / sheathing into concrete is modeled explicitly. This paper also discusses anchorage zone analysis approaches in various state-of-the-practice codes and standards using hand calculations. The result of finite element analysis are compared with analyses using various hand calculation approaches. In particular, importance of adequate reinforcement design and detailing in anchorage regions is discussed based on the stress profiles from FE analysis and compared with hand calculation methods. It is concluded that a detailed finite element evaluation of anchorage regions is necessary to develop a level of confidence required for ensuring safety and integrity of nuclear containments. The FE modeling also serves as verification for results from simple hand calculation methods.

scholarly journals Elaboration of Design and Optimization Methods for a Newly Developed CFRP Sandwich-like Structure Validated by Experimental Measurements and Finite Element Analysis

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4348
Author(s):  
György Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis

Nowadays, the application of composite materials and light-weight structures is required in those industrial applications where the primary design aims are weight saving, high stiffness, corrosion resistance and vibration damping. The first goal of the study was to construct a new light-weight structure that utilizes the advantageous characteristics of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) and Aluminum (Al) materials; furthermore, the properties of sandwich structures and cellular plates. Thus, the newly constructed structure has CFRP face sheets and Al stiffeners, which was manufactured in order to take experimental measurements. The second aim of the research was the elaboration of calculation methods for the middle deflection of the investigated sandwich-like structure and the stresses that occurred in the structural elements. The calculation methods were elaborated; furthermore, validated by experimental measurements and Finite Element analysis. The third main goal was the elaboration of a mass and cost optimization method for the investigated structure applying the Flexible Tolerance optimization method. During the optimization, seven design constraints were considered: total deflection; buckling of face sheets; web buckling in stiffeners; stress in face sheets; stress in stiffeners; eigenfrequency of the structure and constraints for the design variables. The main added values of the research are the elaboration of the calculation methods relating to the middle deflection and the occurred stresses; furthermore, elaboration of the optimization method. The primary aim of the optimization was the construction of the most light-weighted structure because the new light-weight sandwich-like structure can be utilized in many industrial applications, e.g., elements of vehicles (ship floors, airplane base-plate); transport containers; building constructions (building floors, bridge decks).

scholarly journals Study on the Applicability of Dynamic Factor Standards by Comparison of Spring Constant Based Dynamic Factor of Ballasted and Concrete Track Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8361
Author(s):  
Jaeik Lee ◽  
Kyuhwan Oh ◽  
Yonggul Park ◽  
Junhyeok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Spring Constant ◽  
Dynamic Factor ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Standard Design

Dynamic factor evaluation method calculation methods outlined by Eisenmann (DAFEisenmann) and the American Railway Engineering Association (DAFArea) are used to calculate the dynamic factor during design and for trackside measurement, respectively, in nations where the construction of concrete track structures is relatively new. In this situation, dynamic factor calculation methods may be incorrect, and this is demonstrated by comparison of the respective track types’ total spring constant. A finite element analysis of a standard design railway track is conducted, and the design total spring constant (TSC, or K) obtained from the time history function analysis is compared to the TSC of existing tracks through trackside measurement results. The comparison result shows that TSC obtained by finite element analysis result is 22% higher than that of the trackside measurement value, indicating that the TSC is conservative in the current track design. Considering the proportional relationship between TSC and dynamic factor, it is estimated that the dynamic factor currently being applied in track design is also conservative. Based on these findings, an assessment of the applicability of different dynamic factors (DAFEisenmann and DAFArea), theoretical calculation and field measurement (DAFField) using the probabilistic analysis of wheel loads from the field measurement data is conducted. A correlative analysis between DAFEisenmann and DAFArea shows that DAFEisenmann and DAFArea were estimated to be higher by 33% and 27% in ballasted track and by 39% and 30% in concrete track than the dynamic factor derived from field measurement, respectively, which indicates that the dynamic factor currently in use can potentially lead to over-estimation in track design and maintenance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document