Beam Element Leaf Spring Suspension Model Development and Assessment Using Road Load Data

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Prasade ◽  
Sudhakar Medepalli ◽  
Daniel Moore ◽  
Rajesh N. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Model Development ◽  
Beam Element ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Road Load ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Suspension Model

scholarly journals Truck Handling Stability Simulation and Comparison of Taper-Leaf and Multi-Leaf Spring Suspensions with the Same Vertical Stiffness

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Zhao ◽  
Yunshan Zhang ◽  
Yuewei Yu ◽  
Changcheng Zhou ◽  
Xiaohan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stability Indexes

The lightweight design of trucks is of great importance to enhance the load capacity and reduce the production cost. As a result, the taper-leaf spring will gradually replace the multi-leaf spring to become the main elastic element of the suspension for trucks. To reveal the changes of the handling stability after the replacement, the simulations and comparison of the taper-leaf and the multi-leaf spring suspensions with the same vertical stiffness for trucks were conducted. Firstly, to ensure the same comfort of the truck before and after the replacement, an analytical method of replacing the multi-leaf spring with the taper-leaf spring was proposed. Secondly, the effectiveness of the method was verified by the stiffness tests based on a case study. Thirdly, the dynamic models of the taper-leaf spring and the multi-leaf spring with the same vertical stiffness are established and validated, respectively. Based on this, the dynamic models of the truck before and after the replacement were established and verified by the steady static circular test, respectively. Lastly, the handling stability indexes for the truck were compared by the simulations of the drift test, the ramp steer test, and the step steer test. The results show that the yaw rate of the truck almost does not change, the steering wheel moment decreases, the vehicle roll angle obviously increases, and the vehicle side slip angle slightly increases after the replacement. Thus, the truck with the taper-leaf spring suspension has better steering portability, however, its handling stability performs worse.

Function integration concept design applied on CFRP cross leaf spring suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2/3/4) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Andrea Airale ◽  
Alessandro Ferraris ◽  
Shuang Xu ◽  
Lorenzo Sisca ◽  
Paolo Massai
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Function Integration ◽  
Integration Concept

Influence of suspension hysteresis characteristics on vehicle vibration performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702097083
Author(s):  
Zhifei WU ◽  
Yuxia Xiang ◽  
Chenggui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Maxwell Model ◽  
Nonlinear Damping ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Nonlinear Hysteresis ◽  
Suspension Model ◽  
Vibration Performance ◽  
Hysteresis Characteristics

To analyze the influence of the leaf spring hysteresis characteristics on the vehicle body vibration performance, it is necessary to take the physical nonlinear factors into account in the suspension dynamic modeling analysis. The hysteresis characteristics of the leaf spring are caused by the contact and friction between the spring pieces. Besides that, the damping elements of the suspension system are also strongly nonlinear. And hence this article presents a generalized Maxwell-slip damper (GMD) model, which can represent the general hysteresis characteristics of the suspension system. The GMD model incorporates spring stiffness and nonlinear damping in addition to spring friction using the Maxwell model. Then the effects of various parameters on the hysteresis characteristics of GMD model are analyzed and verified by simulation and bench experiments. In addition, an eight degree of freedom (8-DOF) full vehicle model capturing some frictional characteristics was established to study vehicle vibration performance under random road excitation. At the same time, the actual vehicle test is conducted under different road conditions. Ultimately, the results of the nonlinear suspension model have a reasonable agreement with the experimental results, which further demonstrates the credibility of the proposed GMD model. That is, the full vehicle dynamic model with friction force is entirely accurate and useful. The proposed nonlinear hysteresis model may be instructive for accessing the vehicle vibration response to further study the direct effects of friction on vehicle handling and driver feedback.

Function integration concept design applied on CFRP cross leaf spring suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2/3/4) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Sisca ◽  
Andrea Airale ◽  
Paolo Massai ◽  
Shuang Xu ◽  
Alessandro Ferraris
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Function Integration ◽  
Integration Concept

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study of Leaf Spring Suspension

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
Jin Sheng Qiu ◽  
Jie Meng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Element Theory

By the universal testing machine and special fixture, the leaf spring suspension was tested for deformation, and based on nonlinear finite element theory, the suspension was analyzed. The calculation result is coinciding with test result.The finite element model established could be applied to design calculation and parameter optimization of leaf spring suspension.

Fatigue Design Criterion of LCV Leaf Spring Based on Road Load Response Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
Il Seon Sohn ◽  
Dong Ho Bae ◽  
Won Seok Jung ◽  
Won Wook Jung
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Test Mode ◽  
Load Response ◽  
Road Load ◽  
Light Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Driving Condition

Suspension system of light commercial vehicle (LCV) has enough endurance to protect passenger and freight. Leaf spring is major part of LCV suspension system. Thus, fatigue strength evaluation of leaf spring based on road load response was carried out. At first, the strain of leaf spring was measured on the city mode driving condition and proving ground driving condition. And , the damage analysis of road load response was carried out. After that, fatigue test of leaf spring was also carried out. Based on ε-N life relation, fatigue life of leaf spring was evaluated at Belgian mode, city mode and drawing test specification called the 3 steps test mode. Next, it is compared the design life of leaf spring and evaluated fatigue life by the 3steps test mode. From the above, new target of Belgian mode and city mode was proposed to gratify design specification of leaf spring. It is expect that the proposed target can be satisfied leaf spring fatigue endurance at specific road condition.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH TEBAL PLAT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK PEGAS DAUN PADA PROTOTIPE MOBIL FISH CAR UNEJ (FCU) MUDSKIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Khoirur Rohman ◽  
Rika Dwi Hidayatul Qoryah ◽  
Aris Zainul Muttaqin ◽  
Santoso Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Conveying System ◽  
Vibration Dampers

Fish Car Unej (FCU) Mudskip is a car designed with a rural terrain system, especially for fishing transportation. FCU Mudskip uses leaf spring suspension at the rear to support the weight of the vehicle, that is leaning towards the rear. The load of the vehicle is inclined to the rear due to the car carrying system in the form of fish and water. This conveying system can cause leaf spring failure. Therefore, this study aims to determine the value of stress, strain and cycle on leaf springs. Ansys 18.1 software was used to obtain stress, strain, and leaf spring cycle values with a thickness of 7 mm, 10 mm, and 13 mm. The value of stress on leaf springs with thickness 7 is 124,31 x 106 N/m2; thickness 10 mm is 74,92 x 106 N/m2; thickness 13 mm is 48,08 x 106N/m2; the value of strain on leaf springs with a thickness of 7 mm is 0,00075; a thickness of 10 mm is 0,00045; a thickness of 13 mm is 0,00029; Acceptable cycles of leaf springs are 7 mm thick is 69206 cycles, 10 mm is 77833 cycles, and 13 mm thick is 93054 cycles. Leaf springs with a thickness of 13 mm are the most optimal leaf springs because they can receive the most cycles of 93054 cycles, according to the function of leaf springs as vibration dampers.

Simulation of a Composite Piezoelectric and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Beam for Adaptive Stiffness Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Koushik Gundimeda ◽  
Selin Kunc ◽  
John A. Gallagher ◽  
Roselita Fragoudakis
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Piezoelectric Fiber

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) beams have shown over a 20% decrease in weight compared to more traditional materials without affecting system performance or fatigue life. These beams are being studied for use in automobile leaf-spring suspension systems to reduce the overall weight of the car therefore increasing fuel efficiency. These systems are subject to large amplitude mechanical vibrations at relatively constant frequencies, making them an ideal location for potential energy scavenging applications. This study analyses the effect on performance of GFRP beams by substituting various composite layers with piezoelectric fiber layers and the results on deflection and stiffness. Maximum deflection and stress in the beam is calculated for varying the piezoelectric fiber layer within the beam. Initial simulations of a simply supported multimorph beam were run in ABAQUS/CAE. The beam was designed with symmetric piezoelectric layers sandwiching a layer of S2-glass fiber reinforced polymer and modeled after traditional mono leaf-spring suspension designs with total dimensions 1480 × 72 × 37 mm3, with 27 mm camber. Both piezoelectric and GFRP layers had the same dimensions and initially were assumed to have non-directional bulk behavior. The loading of the beam was chosen to resemble loading of a leaf spring, corresponding to the stresses required to cycle the leaf at a stress ratio between R = 0.2 and 0.4, common values in heavy-duty suspension fatigue analysis. The maximum stresses accounted for are based on the monotonic load required to set the bottom leaf surface under tension. These results were then used in a fiber orientation optimization algorithm in Matlab. Analysis was conducted on a general stacking sequence [0°/45°]s, and stress distributions for cross ply [0°/90°]s, and angle ply [+45°/−45°]s were examined. Fiber orientation was optimized for both the glass fiber reinforced polymer layer to maximize stiffness, and the piezoelectric fiber layers to simultaneously minimize the effect on stiffness while minimizing deflection. Likewise, these fibers could be activated through the application of electric field to increase or decrease the stiffness of the beam. The optimal fiber orientation was then imported back into the ABAQUS/CAE model for a refined simulation taking into account the effects of fiber orientation on each layer.

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