Effect of In Cylinder Water Injection Strategies on Performance and Emissions of a Hydrogen Fuelled Direct Injection Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aly H. Gadallah ◽  
Elshenawy A. Elshenawy ◽  
Aly M. Elzahaby ◽  
Hafez A. El-Salmawy ◽  
Ahmed Hasan Bawady
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

Influence of fuel injection strategies on efficiency and particulate emissions of gasoline and ethanol blends in a turbocharged multi-cylinder direct injection engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripudaman Singh ◽  
Taehoon Han ◽  
Mohammad Fatouraie ◽  
Andrew Mansfield ◽  
Margaret Wooldridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Injection Strategies

The effects of a broad range of fuel injection strategies on thermal efficiency and engine-out emissions (CO, total hydrocarbons, NOx and particulate number) were studied for gasoline and ethanol fuel blends. A state-of-the-art production multi-cylinder turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine equipped with piezoelectric injectors was used to study fuels and fueling strategies not previously considered in the literature. A large parametric space was considered including up to four fuel injection events with variable injection timing and variable fuel mass in each injection event. Fuel blends of E30 (30% by volume ethanol) and E85 (85% by volume ethanol) were compared with baseline E0 (reference grade gasoline). The engine was operated over a range of loads with intake manifold absolute pressure from 800 to 1200 mbar. A combined application of ethanol blends with a multiple injection strategy yielded considerable improvement in engine-out particulate and gaseous emissions while maintaining or slightly improving engine brake thermal efficiency. The weighted injection spread parameter defined in this study, combined with the weighted center of injection timing defined in the previous literature, was found well suited to characterize multiple injection strategies, including the effects of the number of injections, fuel mass in each injection and the dwell time between injections.

scholarly journals The effects of residual gas trapping on part load performance and emissions of a spark ignition direct injection engine fuelled with wet ethanol

2019 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 113508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thompson Diórdinis Metzka Lanzanova ◽  
Macklini Dalla Nora ◽  
Mario Eduardo Santos Martins ◽  
Paulo Romeu Moreira Machado ◽  
Vinícius Bernardes Pedrozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Gas Trapping ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Residual Gas

scholarly journals 2D CFD Simulation of Water Injection Strategies in a Large Marine Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senčić ◽  
Mrzljak ◽  
Blecich ◽  
Bonefačić
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (2D CFD) simulation of a low-speed two-stroke marine engine simulation was performed in order to investigate the performance of 2D meshes that allow the use of more complex chemical schemes and pollutant formation analysis. Various mesh density simulations were compared with a 3D mesh simulation and with the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure. A heavy fuel model and a soot model were implemented in the software. Finally, the influences of three water injection strategies were simulated and evaluated in order to investigate the capability of the model and the influence of water injection on NOx formation, soot formation, and engine performance. We conclude that the direct water injection strategy reduces NOx emissions without adversely affecting the engine performance or soot emissions. The other two strategies—Intake air humidification and direct injection of fuel–water emulsion—reduced NOx emissions but at the cost of higher soot emissions or reduced engine performance.

Experimental Investigation of Water Injection Technique in Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjan Miganakallu ◽  
Jeffrey D. Naber ◽  
Sandesh Rao ◽  
William Atkinson ◽  
Sam Barros
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Combustion Knock

This paper experimentally investigates the effect of water injection in the intake manifold on a naturally aspirated, single cylinder, Gasoline Direct Injection engine to determine the combustion and emissions performance with combustion knock mitigation. The endeavor of the current study is to use water injection to attain the optimum combustion phasing without knocking. Further elevated intake air temperature tests were conducted to observe the effect of water injection with respect to combustion and emissions. Experiments were carried out at medium load condition (800 kPa NIMEP, 1500 RPM) at intake air temperatures between 30–90° C in 20° C increments. Two fuels, an 87 AKI and a 93 AKI were used in this study. Baseline tests were undertaken with the high-octane fuel (93 AKI) to achieve optimal combustion phasing corresponding to Maximum Brake Torque (MBT) without water injection. Water injection was utilized for the low octane fuel to achieve combustion phasing of 8–10° ATDC and within the controlled knock limit. Combustion phasing was achieved by controlling the ignition timing, water injection quantity and timing to the knock threshold. The results showed that water injection and the resultant charge cooling mitigates combustion knock and an optimum combustion phasing based on indicated fuel conversion efficiency is achieved with a water to fuel ratio of 0.6. Water injection reduces the NOx emissions while achieving better indicated thermal efficiency compared to the baseline tests. A detailed comparison is presented on the combustion phasing, indicated thermal efficiency, burn durations, HC, NOx and PN emissions in this paper.

Combustion characteristics of a common rail direct injection engine using different fuel injection strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Akhilendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Maurya ◽  
Pravesh Chandra Shukla ◽  
Atul Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Injection Strategies
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document