Kinematic Sensitivity Analysis of the Suspension Characteristics for the Initial Design of Four-Wheel Drive and Four-Wheel Steered Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Schwartz ◽  
Tobias Goosmann ◽  
Sören Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Kinematic Sensitivity ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

Factors contributing to the amount of vehicular damage resulting from collisions between four-wheel drive vehicles and passenger cars

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Broyles ◽  
S.Ross Clarke ◽  
Lutchmie Narine ◽  
Daryl R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

J I Case Model 2870 Four-Wheel Drive Tractor

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrel J. Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

A NANOCAR WITH FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (46) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
BETHANY HALFORD
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

scholarly journals Research on a 20-Slot/22-Pole Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant PMSM Used for Four-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1265-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Sui ◽  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

scholarly journals Dual roles for the Drosophila PI 4-kinase Four wheel drive in localizing Rab11 during cytokinesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Polevoy ◽  
Ho-Chun Wei ◽  
Raymond Wong ◽  
Zsofia Szentpetery ◽  
Yeun Ju Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Recycling Endosome ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

Successful completion of cytokinesis relies on addition of new membrane, and requires the recycling endosome regulator Rab11, which localizes to the midzone. Despite the critical role of Rab11 in this process, little is known about the formation and composition of Rab11-containing organelles. Here, we identify the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4-kinase III β Four wheel drive (Fwd) as a key regulator of Rab11 during cytokinesis in Drosophila melanogaster spermatocytes. We show Fwd is required for synthesis of PI 4-phosphate (PI4P) on Golgi membranes and for formation of PI4P-containing secretory organelles that localize to the midzone. Fwd binds and colocalizes with Rab11 on Golgi membranes, and is required for localization of Rab11 in dividing cells. A kinase-dead version of Fwd also binds Rab11 and partially restores cytokinesis to fwd mutant flies. Moreover, activated Rab11 partially suppresses loss of fwd. Our data suggest Fwd plays catalytic and noncatalytic roles in regulating Rab11 during cytokinesis.

scholarly journals Simulation of Differentials in Four-Wheel Drive Vehicles Using Multibody Dynamics

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Virlez ◽  
Olivier Bru¨ls ◽  
Pierre Duysinx ◽  
Nicolas Poulet
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element Method ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Flexible Bodies ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

The dynamic performance of vehicle drivetrains is significantly influenced by differentials which are subjected to complex phenomena. In this paper, detailed models of TORSEN differentials are presented using a flexible multibody simulation approach, based on the nonlinear finite element method. A central and a front TORSEN differential have been studied and the numerical results have been compared with experimental data obtained on test bench. The models are composed of several rigid and flexible bodies mainly constrainted by flexible gear pair joints and contact conditions. The three differentials of a four wheel drive vehicle have been assembled in a full drivetrain in a simplified vehicle model with modeling of driveshafts and tires. These simulations enable to observe the four working modes of the differentials with a good accuracy.

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