scholarly journals Combining relative chronology and AMS 14C dating to contextualize ‘megasites’, serial migrations and diachronic expressions of material culture in the Western Tripolye culture, Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 2-22
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Harper ◽  
Aleksandr Diachenko ◽  
Yuri Y. Rassamakin ◽  
Dmitriy K. Chernovol ◽  
Valentina A. Shumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Tripolye Culture ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Ams 14C Dating

Scholarship regarding the Eneolithic Cucuteni-Tripolye cultural complex of Romania, Moldova and Ukraine has recently focused on ‘megasites’ of the Western Tripolye culture (WTC) in Central Ukraine. However, in order to properly contextualize such unusual phenomena, we must explore the broader typo-chronology of the WTC, which is suggestive of a high degree of mobility and technological transfer between regions. We report 28 new AMS 14C dates from sites representing diagnostic types and propose a high-resolution chronological sequence for the WTC’s development. Our results support the relative chronology and offer an opportunity to propose a new chronological synthesis for the WTC.

scholarly journals Chronological Development of the Tripolye Culture Giant-Settlement of Talianki (Ukraine): 14C Dating vs. Pottery Typology

Radiocarbon ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Rassamakin ◽  
Francesco Menotti
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
The Other ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
One Step ◽  
Tripolye Culture ◽  
Better Than

The long tradition of relative chronology based on pottery typology has often hindered the development of radiocarbon dating amongst the Tripolye giant-settlement in Ukraine. Although it is fairly reliable, relative chronology encounters insurmountable obstacles in identifying internal phases of development within a single settlement. This paper presents the first attempt to use 14C dates to monitor the chronological development of the Talianki giant-settlement, from its formation to the various phases of development and the final decline. It then goes one step further by proving genetic links between 2 “neighboring” settlements, confirming that one is the result of migration processes of the other. This study does not intend to prove that one of the dating techniques is better than the other, but to demonstrate that a synergetic combination of the 2 methods will certainly lead to more reliable results.

scholarly journals High-Resolution AMS 14C Dating of Post-Bomb Peat Archives of Atmospheric Pollutants

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 495-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Goodsite ◽  
Werner Rom ◽  
Jan Heinemeier ◽  
Todd Lange ◽  
Suat Ooi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Published Data ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Ams 14C Dating ◽  
Made In

Peat deposits in Greenland and Denmark were investigated to show that high-resolution dating of these archives of atmospheric deposition can be provided for the last 50 years by radiocarbon dating using the atmospheric bomb pulse. 14C was determined in macrofossils from sequential one cm slices using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Values were calibrated with a general-purpose curve derived from annually averaged atmospheric 14CO2 values in the northernmost northern hemisphere (NNH, 30°–90°N). We present a thorough review of 14C bomb-pulse data from the NNH including our own measurements made in tree rings and seeds from Arizona as well as other previously published data. We show that our general-purpose calibration curve is valid for the whole NNH producing accurate dates within 1–2 years. In consequence, 14C AMS can precisely date individual points in recent peat deposits within the range of the bomb-pulse (from the mid-1950s on). Comparing the 14C AMS results with the customary dating method for recent peat profiles by 210Pb, we show that the use of 137Cs to validate and correct 210Pb dates proves to be more problematic than previously supposed.As a unique example of our technique, we show how this chronometer can be applied to identify temporal changes in Hg concentrations from Danish and Greenland peat cores.

scholarly journals Looking beyond appearances: a multi-analytical approach on the prehistoric clay weights

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Manea ◽  
Mircea Lechintan ◽  
Gabriel Popescu ◽  
Theodor Ignat ◽  
Vasile Opriş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Experimental Archaeology ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Size Modification ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Transformation Processes

Abstract In this paper we analyzed a batch of 64 clay weights from three archaeological sites located in Romania (Gumelniţa, Măgura-Jilava, and Sultana) that belong to Kodjadermen-Gumelniţa-Karanovo VI cultural complex (4600–3900 cal. BC). Our approach includes an interdisciplinary investigation based on technological analysis, experimental archaeology, and X-ray CT scans coupled with statistical analysis. This investigation has a high potential to reveal relevant information regarding the technological background (e.g., inclusion, voids, temper, etc.), manufacturing stages (e.g., modeling, shaping, kneading, etc.), or transformation processes (e.g., drying and firing vs. weight and size modification) in order to identify, explain and understand the chaîne operatoire for this type of artefacts. Moreover, correlation of the results with the experimental archaeology could offer an integrative interpretation about the material culture of past humans and its multiple meanings, but also critical information about the multiple dimensions of manufacture for these objects (e.g., time, effort, physical–chemical processes, etc.). The multi-analytical approach proposed here also includes a comparative study of technological aspects of these clay weights across the three archaeological sites investigated, as well as the experimental replicas.

scholarly journals Desert Habitation History by 14C Dating of Soil Layers in Rural Building Structures (Negev, Israel): Preliminary Results from Horvat Haluqim

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 391-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik J Bruins ◽  
Johannes van der Plicht ◽  
Mordechai Haiman
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Negev Desert ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Relative Probability ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Human Habitation

Traditional archaeological approaches in the central Negev Desert used to employ excavation techniques in post-prehistoric periods in which stratigraphy is based on architecture, while material culture forms the basis for dating assessment and chronology. Such an approach was understandable, as it focused on the most visible remains of past human habitation. However, the detailed habitation record is in the soil rather than in the walls. Moreover, ceramics and stone tools in desert cultures often have limited time resolution in terms of absolute chronology. The rural desert site of Horvat Haluqim in the central Negev yielded 2 habitation periods with the traditional methodology: (1) Roman period, 2nd–3rd centuries CE; (2) Iron Age IIA, 10th century BCE. We have conducted at Horvat Haluqim initial excavations in small building remains that were never excavated before. Our excavation methodology focuses on detailed examination of the archaeological soil in building structures, coupled with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating for chronology, and micromorphology of undisturbed soil samples to study stratigraphy and soil contents at the microscopic scale. Here, we report preliminary results, concentrating on the 14C dates. These suggest a much longer habitation history at the site during the Iron Age. The 14C dates obtained so far from these building remains cover Iron Age I, II, III, and the Persian period. The oldest calibrated date (charred C4 plants) in a rectangular building structure (L100) is 1129–971 BCE (60.5%, highest relative probability). The youngest calibrated date in a round building structure (L700) is 540–411 BCE (57.9%, highest relative probability). This excavation methodology provides additional “eyes” to look at past human habitation in the Negev Desert, seeing more periods and more detail than was possible with traditional schemes and ceramic dating.

scholarly journals Late Pleistocene and Holocene small mammal (Lipotyphla, Rodentia, Lagomorpha) remains from Medvezhyi Klyk Cave in the Southern Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 324 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Omelko ◽  
Y.V. Kuzmin ◽  
M.P. Tiunov ◽  
L.L. Voyta ◽  
G.S. Burr
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Faunal Complexes ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Late Pleistocene-Holocene faunal complexes of small mammals (Lipotyphla, Rodentia, and Lagomorpha) from the Russian Far East are described for the first time. We used material from the Medvezhyi Klyk Cave, located in Southern Sikhote-Alin. The numerous fossil findings from the cave display a remarkable taxonomic diversity and high degree of preservation. AMS 14C dating used for determination of deposits age. The Holocene sediments were divided into three periods: Early, Middle, and Late. The Pleistocene deposits age was not exactly determined, but under approximately estimation it can reach 50–60 ka. Thirty-nine species were found, including one member of the extinct genus of arvicolins. There are six faunal complexes identified from the studied Late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits. In general, the faunal complexes characterized by the dominance of Craseomys rufocanus within rodents, Sorex caecutiens within lipotyphlans; and relatively stability composition of most number of the dominant, codominant and subdominant species. Accordingly, the faunal complexes were described by means of two determining criteria only: relative number of species; and presence or absence of certain species. The dominant species are eurytopic and so they cannot use for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment.

scholarly journals Re-examination of the eruption age of Aira-Tn Ash(AT) obtained from a piston core off Shikoku. Determined by AMS 14C dating of planktonic foraminifera.

1993 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 787-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Murayama ◽  
Eiji Matsumoto ◽  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Makoto Okamura ◽  
Hisato Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Piston Core ◽  
Eruption Age ◽  
Ams 14C Dating

scholarly journals Analysis of the material culture and new radiocarbon dating of the Early Neolithic site of Amnya I

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nikolaevna Dubovtseva ◽  
Lubov Lvovna Kosinskaya ◽  
Henny Piezonka
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Neolithic Site ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
The One ◽  
Technological Analysis ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The ancient fortified settlement of Amnya I is a unique Early Neolithic site in the northern taiga zone of Western Siberia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, the Amnya river). It is located on a promontory and has three lines of defense and ten dwelling depressions. The structures of the excavated dwellings are very similar, though the artifact assemblage appears rather heterogeneous. We carried out a technical and technological analysis of ceramics, which showed no correlation between the texture, on the one hand, and the morphology and ornamentation of pots on the other one. Planiographic analysis of ceramics showed that vessels with comb and incising patterns are found in different dwellings, although there are objects in which both groups lie together. Various categories of stone implements (bladelets and polished arrowheads) also appear on different parts of the settlement. Most likely, the observed differences in the artefact complexes of objects are associated with the stages of the functioning of the settlement. The absolute chronology does not yet clarify the sequence of erection and existence of objects. New AMS date is probably vulnerable to a significant reservoir effect. The abundance of unsolved issues of absolute and relative chronology makes the resumption of research on this unique site urgent.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Developing High-Resolution Sub-Fossil Peat Chronologies with 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Donders ◽  
F Wagner ◽  
K van der Borg ◽  
A F M de Jong ◽  
H Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Novel Approach

Sub-fossil sections from a Florida wetland were accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dated and the sedimentological conditions were determined. 14C data were calibrated using a combined wiggle-match and 14C bomb-pulse approach. Repeatable results were obtained providing accurate peat chronologies for the last 130 calendar yr. Assessment of the different errors involved led to age models with 3–5 yr precision. This allows direct calibration of paleoenvironmental proxies with meteorological data. The time frame in which 14C dating is commonly applied can possibly be extended to include the 20th century.

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