scholarly journals Relationship of blood pressure status, dietary factors and serum electrolytes of in-school adolescents in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1754-63
Author(s):  
Olutayo S Shokunbi ◽  
Ngozi A Ukangwa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Background: Globally, rising blood pressure is of public health concern as it is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and preventable death. This study accessed the relationship of blood pressure status, dietary factors and serum electrolytes among in-school adolescents in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 488 secondary school students (aged 10–19 years). Blood pressures were assessed using auscultatory method and questionnaires were used to obtain food frequency and 24-hour dietary recall data. Blood samples from volunteers were used for serum sodium and potassium assays. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased with age, irrespective of gender. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension among participants were 19.3% and 10.5%, respectively, with males and females having similar pattern. Dietary factors like addition of table salt to already prepared foods, higher intake of eggs, and lower intake of vegetables were associated with the development of elevated blood pressure among the adolescents. The estimated mean dietary intakes (mg/person/day) of sodium and potassium were 2289±938.7 and 1321±603.8, respectively, with majorityconsuming far higher (for sodium – 80%) or far below (for potassium – 95%) recommendations. The mean serum sodium (138.0±18.3 mmolL-1) and potassium (3.06±1.1 mmolL-1) were similar across genders. A significant (p<0.05) negative relationship exists between serum potassium and SBP. Conclusions: The blood pressure status of the adolescents studied are of great concern and are somewhat negatively influenced by poor dietary and lifestyle practices. They require prompt intervention to slow down the development of CVDs in the future. Keywords: Adolescents; dietary patterns; hypertension; table salt.

Relationship of Blood Pressure to Blood Lead Concentrations in Small Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-676
Author(s):  
Ramesh C. Jhaveri ◽  
Lorenzo Lavorgna ◽  
Shiv K. Dube ◽  
Leonard Glass ◽  
Farida Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Jewish Hospital ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Elevated blood lead concentrations are associated with a variety of pathophysiologic changes in both children and adults, even in the absence of clinical symptoms. Although hypertension has been described in adults with elevated blood lead concentrations,1 there have been no systematic studies in infants and children in which lead levels were correlated with blood pressure measurements. In the present study, blood lead concentrations of greater than 40 µg/dl were associated with blood pressure elevations in infants and young children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty-four patients, age 1 to 3 years, who were referred to the Special Lead Clinic of the Jewish Hospital and Medical Center of Brooklyn because of blood lead levels of more than 40 µg/dl were subjects of the study.

Relationship of sodium and potassium intake to blood pressure

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Gros ◽  
John M. Weller ◽  
Sibley W. Hoobler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Undetected Elevated Blood Pressure in an Elderly Southeast Asian Population

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Joshi ◽  
J. Lim ◽  
M. Nandkumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Data on the prevalence of Hypertension (HTN) among elderly Asians is limited. We investigated the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (EBP) and its risk factors in a multiracial Southeast Asian elderly population who participated in the National Kidney Foundation Singapore nationwide screening programme. Among 19,848 subjects ≥ 65 years (approximately 6% of the total Singapore population), the mean age was 70.6 ± 5.26 yrs. After excluding 36.6% with known HTN, analysis revealed that 5,889 (46.8%) of the remaining population had previously undetected EBP >140/ 90. Increasing age, male gender, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 and pre-existing diabetes were significantly associated with previously undetected EBP on multivariate analysis. 6% of cases with undetected EBP had proteinuria suggestive of longstanding EBP and renal damage. We conclude that there is a high prevalence of undetected EBP in elderly Asians, suggesting the need for increased e forts in screening in the elderly population. Asia Pac J Public Health 2007; 19(2): 3—9.

scholarly journals Empiric Determination of the Daily Glucocorticoid Replacement Dose in Adrenal Insufficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celina M Caetano ◽  
Aleksandra Sliwinska ◽  
Parvathy Madhavan ◽  
James Grady ◽  
Carl D Malchoff
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Endocrine Society ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Multiple Morbidities

Abstract Background For the treatment of adrenal insufficiency (AI) in adults, the Endocrine Society’s recommended daily glucocorticoid replacement dose (DGRD) is 15 to 25 mg hydrocortisone (HC), which is approximately 1.7 times the reported mean daily cortisol production rate. Prolonged glucocorticoid overtreatment causes multiple morbidities. Hypothesis We tested the hypotheses that the DGRD, empirically determined by individual patient titration, is lower than that of the Endocrine Society guidelines and tolerated without evidence of glucocorticoid under-replacement. Methods We empirically determined the DGRD in 25 otherwise healthy adults with AI by titrating the DGRD to the lowest dose tolerated as judged by body mass index, blood pressure, serum sodium concentration and AI symptoms. Patients received either HC or prednisone (PRED). The HC equivalent of PRED was assumed to be 4:1. Results The mean empirically determined DGRD, expressed as HC equivalent, was significantly less than the midpoint of the Endocrine Society’s recommended DGRD (7.6 ± 3.5 mg/m2 vs 11.8 mg/m2; P &lt; 0.001). The DGRD in the adrenalectomy group was not significantly different than the DGRD of those with other AI causes (7.9 ± 4.0 mg/m2 vs 7.3 ± 3.1 mg/m2; P = ns), demonstrating that the empirically determined DGRD was not biased by residual cortisol secretion. There was no evidence of glucocorticoid under-replacement as determined by measured biometrics and AI symptoms. Conclusions We conclude that an empirically determined DGRD is significantly lower than that of the Endocrine Society guidelines and tolerated without evidence of glucocorticoid under-replacement.

Semimicro Flame Photometry of Serum Sodium and Potassium

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Dryer
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Lithium Concentration ◽  
Flame Photometry ◽  
Dilution Factor ◽  
Serum Dilution ◽  
Careful Control ◽  
Photometric Error ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Abstract A method for the determination of serum sodium and potassium involving only a single serum dilution is described. Samples of 0.1 ml. of serum suffice for both determinations, but larger samples may also be used. By careful control of the lithium concentration and the dilution factor the mean relative photometric error may be held to no more than 1 per cent under normal circumstances of operation.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES AS A CAUSE OF ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE IN RATS (WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE VITAMIN B2 COMPLEX)

1942 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royall M. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Excessive Intake

The effects of dietary deficiencies on the blood pressure of rats were studied, with especial reference to vitamin B deficiencies. A deficiency of the entire vitamin B complex was followed by a slight fall in blood pressure. A deficiency of only thse heat-stable fractions was followed by a significant and persistent rise in pressure, which could be reversed by restoring these factors to the diet. Partial deficiencies were followed by a higher rise of blood pressure than were complete deficiencies, perhaps because of the debilitating effects of the latter. Even an excessive intake of the heat-stable fractions of the vitamin B complex did not prevent entirely a rise of pressure if the diet was otherwise deficient. Under the latter conditions, the rise in pressure was slower and less marked than in those animals with a deficiency of the vitamin B2 complex only. It therefore appears that, while a deficiency of the vitamin B2 complex plays a dominant rôle in causing a rise of blood pressure in rats, other dietary factors as yet undefined are also involved. From analogy with other deficiency states, it is possible that thsese undefined nutritional factors cause their effects by interfering with absorption and utilization of the vitamin B2 complex.

scholarly journals Studies on Current Status of Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment in Jiangxi Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Zehui Jiang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Junyong Wang ◽  
Junshan Li ◽  
Meihui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Objective To understand the present status of high blood pressure in Jiangxi adults including the prevalence rate, overall awareness, and hypertension treatment. Methods a total of 7,200 adult participants (over 18 years old) lived in Jiangxi were recruited using a stratified sampling method. Blood pressure was measured for all the participants and a questionnaire survey was conducted. A 24-hour urine sample was also collected to understand urine sodium and potassium levels. Results Our findings revealed that the measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 125.9 mmHg (95% CI, 124.85-126.95) and 79.2 mm Hg (95% CI, 78.15-80.25). The prevalence of hypertension among the enrolled adults was 27.43% (95% CI, 26.38%–28.48%). Among the affected participants, less than 30% of them (95% CI) were aware of their hypertension condition, and only 28.56% (95% CI) were under anti-hypertension medications. The mean salt intake converted from urinary sodium was 10.92±4.07 g and the mean±SD of 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion were 185.51±65.44 mmol and 25.98±9.16 mmol, respectively. The high-salt condiments was determined to be the main source of sodium in the region. Conclusion Findings from this study form the baseline information to understand the hypertension condition in the region and indicate a possible solution for hypertension prevention through avoiding high-salt condiments.

scholarly journals Relationship of blood pressure to sodium and potassium excretion in Japanese women.

1989 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOICHI TAKEMORI ◽  
SEIJI MIKAMI ◽  
SUSUMU NIHIRA ◽  
NAOSUKE SASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Artemisia restores systolic blood pressure, attenuates serum sodium/potassium levels and prevents cardiac oxidative stress in hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled M.M. Koriem ◽  
Hend N. Saleh ◽  
Marwa A. El-Attar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum sodium/potassium levels and cardiac antioxidants after Artemisia herba-alba oral administration in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Design/methodology/approach Hypertension is a silent killer disease. The SHR model was used in this study due to the similarity of high blood pressure in human and rat. The SBP, serum sodium and potassium, urinary sodium and potassium, cardiac antioxidants and heart histology were examined in SHR after oral administration with 10 and 20% of the LD50 of Artemisia herba-alba during four weeks. Findings The LD50 of Artemisia herba-alba was found to be 1000 mg/kg. Doses of 100 mg/kg (10% LD50) and 200 mg/kg (20% LD50) were considered in the present study. The oral administration of SHR rats with Artemisia extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg decreased (p < 0.01) the body weights, SBP and serum sodium and potassium. Meanwhile, cardiac superoxide dismutase and gluthatione peroxidase were increased in SHR-treated rats. Histology of SHR cardiac tissues showed tissue degenerative but oral intake of 100 and 200 mg/kg artemisia exhibited normal muscle fibers, acidophilic cytoplasm and central nuclei. Originality/value The cardiovascular diseases are the first reason for high death rate in Western countries and collapsing economies due to hypertensive patients suffering high health-care costs. The advantage of hypertension Herba l treatment occurred due to its cheap and available source. Artemisia herba-alba leaves restored SBP, attenuated serum sodium/potassium levels and prevented cardiac oxidative stress in SHR.

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