Sero-epidemiological survey and risk factors for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection among pregnant women in Logo LGA, Benue State, Nigeria

AbstractA birth cohort study was conducted in Khan Hoa Province, central Vietnam between 2009 and 2012 to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women and their children, and associated risk factors. We enrolled 1987 pregnant women with their babies at the birth phase, and 12.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.1–14.0) of mothers were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)+. At 2-year follow-up phase, 1339 (67.4%) children were enrolled of whom 76.6% completed hepatitis B vaccines (HepB) and 1.9% (95% CI: 1.2–2.7) were HBsAg+. When mothers were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)+, 28.3% of children have got infected even with complete HepB. HBV infection in mothers, hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs antibody) below the seroprotective level in children, and mothers with pre-pregnancy low body mass index were associated with HBV infection in children. Meanwhile, HBV infection in children, older maternal age, no or incomplete doses of HepB, and boys were associated with anti-HBs antibody below the seroprotective level in children. Our birth cohort study determined a low rate of congenital HBV infection and associated risk factors in Vietnam, however further studies are needed to advance prevention including anti-viral therapy in pregnant women at high risk.

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Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B virus Infection among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Care Unit of the Bamenda Regional Hospital

Public Health in Practice ◽

10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100160 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100160

Author(s):

Nfor Omarine Nlinwe ◽

Desmond Lungle

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Factors Associated ◽

B Virus

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Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The Open Virology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874357901812010026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Arnolfo Petruzziello

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Liver Cancers ◽

B Virus

Introduction:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent primary malignant tumors and accounts for about 90% of all primary liver cancers. Its distribution varies greatly according to geographic location and it is more common in middle and low- income countries than in developed ones especially in Eastern Asia and Sub Saharan Africa (70% of all new HCCs worldwide), with incidence rates of over 20 per 100,000 individuals.Explanation:The most important risk factors for HCC are Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection, excessive consumption of alcohol and exposition to aflatoxin B1. Its geographic variability and heterogeneity have been widely associated with the different distribution of HBV and HCV infections worldwide.Chronic HBV infection is one of the leading risk factors for HCC globally accounting for at least 50% cases of primary liver tumors worldwide. Generally, while HBV is the main causative agent in the high incidence HCC areas, HCV is the major etiological factor in low incidence HCC areas, like Western Europe and North America.Conclusion:HBV-induced HCC is a complex, stepwise process that includes integration of HBV DNA into host DNA at multiple or single sites. On the contrary, the cancerogenesis mechanism of HCV is not completely known and it still remains controversial as to whether HCV itself plays a direct role in the development of tumorigenic progression.

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Hepatitis B: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/43.8.1500 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 1500-1506 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Norman Gitlin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Infection ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

B Virus ◽

The Us ◽

Prevention And Treatment

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurs worldwide and is an important cause of acute and chronic viral hepatitis in the US. In this review, I describe the virus, risk factors for infection, clinical features of infection, results of laboratory tests during infection, and standard and emerging treatment for chronic infection. Although 95% of adult patients recover completely from HBV infection, 90% of children ≤4 years of age develop chronic infection. Active vaccination is highly efficacious.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Food Vendors in Wurukum Market, Makurdi Benue State

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2018/v2i329262 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

V. U. Obisike ◽

C. M. Uke ◽

E. U. Amuta

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Age Groups ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Test Strips ◽

Significant Difference ◽

B Virus ◽

Life Threatening

Hepatitis B is a life threatening infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV among food vendors in Wurukum, a highly commercial section of metropolitan Makurdi in Benue State. The test was carried out with the use of an immunochromatographic micropoint HBsAg test strips and a HBsAg buffer screen for the virus. Out of the 250 non-vaccinated food vendors sampled, 27(10.8%) had HBV infection, with more in males (21.7%) than in females (6.6%). No significant difference (p>0.05) was found among age groups in spite of the observed highest prevalence of 14.3% among the 20-29 year olds. Therefore, the need for routine screening cannot be overemphasized in spite of known risk factors among food vendors.

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Intrauterine Transmission Among Pregnant Women With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.1097/mcg.0000000000001001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Songxu Peng ◽

Zhihua Wan ◽

Tingting Liu ◽

Huiping Zhu ◽

Yukai Du

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Intrauterine Transmission ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽

B Virus

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Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-152431/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shuisen Zheng ◽

Huale Zhang ◽

Rongxin Chen ◽

Jianying Yan ◽

Qing Han

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Logistics Regression ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽

B Virus

Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

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