Inventaire rapide des principaux entomophages de la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera : Pseudococcidae) en République du Congo

Dès l’année 1970, une baisse de production en tubercules de manioc de l’espèce Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiacée) a été constatée en Afrique. L’un des principaux ravageurs de cette plante est la cochenille farineuse du manioc. Au Congo, la lutte contre celui-ci s’est organisée dès 1982 par l’introduction d’un parasitoïde hyménoptère, Epidinocarcis lopezi. Mais cet insecte auxiliaire s’est très vite retrouvé à son tour la proie d’hyperparasites qui freinent ainsi son expansion et limitent son efficacité. La présente étude fait un inventaire des entomophages de la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti. Elle s’est déroulée dans trois sites retenus dans la ville de Brazzaville : Kombé, jardin d’essai et Lycée Savorgnan de Brazza (LSB). La récolte des momies a été effectuée sur des feuilles infestées, les arthropodes ayant émergé ont été collectés et identifiés, les taux d’émergence et d’hyperparasitisme ont été déterminés. Les résultats obtenus montrent un taux d’hyperparasitisme élevé (60 et 66,66%) et une faible abondance d’E. lopezi comparé aux hyperparasites (22 hyperparasites pour 13 parasitoïdes). Un autre parasitoïde Acerophagus coccois Smith non encore décrit jusqu’ici au Congo a été découvert. Il pourrait avoir été introduit accidentellement avec les boutures importées et expérimentées dans le but d’améliorer les performances du manioc.Mots clés : Lutte biologique, Auxiliaire, Entomocénose, Momie, Brazzaville, Congo. English Title: Rapid inventory of the main entomophagous species of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Republic of Congo As early as 1970, a decrease in the production of cassava tubers of the species Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) was observed in Africa. One of the main pests of this plant is the cassava mealybug. In the Congo, the fight against it was organized in 1982 with the introduction of a hymenoptera parasitoid, Epidinocarcis lopezi. But this auxiliary insect very quickly found itself the prey of hyperparasites, which thus slowed down its expansion and limited effectiveness. The present study makes an inventory of the entomophages of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti. It took place in three selected sites in the city of Brazzaville: Kombé, test garden and Lycée Savorgnan de Brazza (LSB). The mummies were harvested from infested leaves, emerging arthropods were collected and identified, rates of emergence and hyperparasitism were determined. The results obtained reached a high rate of hyperparasitism (60 and 66.66%) and a low abundance of E. lopezi compared to hyperparasites (22 hyperparasites for 13 parasitoids). Another parasitoid Acerophagus coccois Smith not yet described in Congo has been discovered. It could have been created accidentally with the imported cuttings and tested in corn to improve cassava performance.Keywords: Biological pest control, Auxiliary, Entomocenosis, mummy, Brazzaville, Congo.

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Diversity of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars and its management in the department of Bouenza in the Republic of Congo

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ◽

10.1007/s10722-012-9803-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 1789-1803 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

G. R. Kombo ◽

A. Dansi ◽

L. Y. Loko ◽

G. C. Orkwor ◽

R. Vodouhè ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Republic Of Congo ◽

The Republic

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Phenacoccus manihoti. [Distribution map].

Distribution Maps of Plant Pests ◽

10.1079/dmpp20056600466 ◽

1984 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Ivory Coast ◽

Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Cassava Mealybug ◽

Guinea Bissau ◽

New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero [Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae] Cassava mealybug. Attacks cassava (Manihot esculenta) and other species of Manihot, causing serious damage. Information is given on the geographical distribution in SOUTH AMERICA, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, AFRICA, Angola, Benin, Burundi, Congo, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia.

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TINGKAT KERUSAKAN TANAMAN DAN POPULASI TUNGAU SERTA KUTU PUTIH PADA 23 KLON UBI KAYU ( Manihot Esculenta Crantz )

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v7i3.3554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 497

Author(s):

R.W. Sari ◽

I Gede Swibawa ◽

L. Wibowo ◽

Setyo Dwi Utomo

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Hama utama tanaman ubi kayu adalah tungau merah (Tetranychus spp.) dan kutu putih famili Pseudococcidae. Spesies kutu putih yang menyerang tanaman ubi kayu yaitu Phenacoccus manihoti dan Paracoccus marginatus.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerusakan tanaman dan populasi tungau serta kutu putih pada 23 klon ubi kayu. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode survei ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung Kecamatan Natar, Lampung Selatan pada April - Desember 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1). Tingkat kerusakan tanaman karena serangan tungau dan kutu putih pada tanaman ubi kayu bervariasi antar klon dan antar waktu pengamatan. (2). Populasi tungau dan kerusakan tanaman yang rendah terdapat pada klon UJ-3 Emas dan SL-103. (3). Populasi kutu putih rendah terdapat pada klon SL-201, SL- 72, dan 39. Tingkat kerusakan tanaman karena serangan kutu putih rendah terdapat pada klon UJ-5, UJ-5 TBB, Litbang UK-2, dan Mulyo 3. (4). Klon ubi kayu yang tahan terhadap serangan hama tungau yaitu UJ-3 Emas, SL-103, UJ-3 dan UJ-5, sedangkan klon yang tahan terhadap serangan kutu putih yaitu SL-201, SL-72 dan 39.

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The early transcriptome response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) to mealybug (Phenacoccus manihoti) feeding

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0202541 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. e0202541 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Molemi E. Rauwane ◽

Damaris A. Odeny ◽

Ian Millar ◽

Chrissie Rey ◽

Jasper Rees

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Transcriptome Response

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PENGARUH SERANGAN HAMA KUTU PUTIH (Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero) TERHADAP PRODUKSI UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v9i2.5019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 207

Author(s):

Dicky Ashari Ramadhan ◽

F X Susilo ◽

Nur Yasin ◽

I Gede Swibawa

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Tanaman ubikayu merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan penting di Indonesia. Tanaman ubikayu mengalami serangan hama kutu putih (Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero). Serangan hama kutu putih dapat menurunkan produksi ubikayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui tingkat serangan hama kutu putih dan 2) mengetahui pengaruh serangan hama kutu putih terhadap produksi tanaman ubikayu di kawasan Lampung Selatan dan Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tiga pertanaman ubikayu di Lampung Selatan dan Lampung Tengah. Kegiatan penelitian di petak pertama berlangsung dari bulan April 2018 sampai September 2018, penelitian di petak kedua berlangsung pada bulan Agustus 2018, sedangkan penelitian di petak ketiga berlangsung dari bulan Januari 2019 sampai Maret 2019. Serangan hama kutu putih kutu putih dinyatakan dengan banyaknya tanaman ubikayu yang menunjukkan gejala bunchy-top sedangkan produksi tanaman ubikayu dinyatakan dengan bobot umbi dan jumlah umbi ubikayu.Tanaman yang mengalami bunchy-top pada setiap baris atau gulud sampel diturus. Bobot umbi dan jumlah umbi pada tanaman ubikayu, yang terkena serangan hama kutu putih versus yang sehat dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan pada taraf nyata 1% atau 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat serangan hama kutu putih menurunkan produksi ubikayu di kawasan Lampung Tengah dan Lampung Selatan. Tingkat serangan hama kutu putih bervariasi dari 4,7 % sampai dengan 8,7 %. Nilai tengah bobot umbi akibat serangan hama kutu putih berkurang sebanyak 728,3 g/batang. Nilai tengah ukuran umbi tanaman ubikayu yang terserang kutu putih berkurang sebanyak, 50,5 g/umbi. Nilai tengah jumlah umbi pada tanaman ubikayu yang terserang kutu putih berkurang sebanyak 2 umbi/batang.

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Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-4-405-411 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 405-411

Author(s):

Elena Ju. Gorbatkova

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Higher Educational Institutions ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

Average Relative Humidity ◽

Higher Educational ◽

The Republic ◽

And Performance ◽

The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

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PHÂN TÍCH TƯƠNG TÁC PROTEIN VÀ MỨC ĐỘ BIỂU HIỆN GIỮA CÁC YẾU TỐ NHÂN Y Ở CÂY SẮN (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) BẰNG CÔNG CỤ TIN SINH HỌC

BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC VỀ NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ GIẢNG DẠY SINH HỌC Ở VIỆT NAM - PROCEEDING OF THE 4TH NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TEACHING IN VIETNAM ◽

10.15625/vap.2020.00053 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lê Thị Ngọc Quỳnh

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz

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CONCENTRADO PROTEICO OBTIDO DAS FOLHAS DE MANDIOCA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DE TRÊS VARIEDADES COMERCIAIS.

Revista Acta Ambiental Catarinense ◽

10.24021/raac.v13i1.3296 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Izabel Aparecida Soares ◽

Mauro Sérgio Téo ◽

Carlise DEBASTIANI ◽

Suzymeire BARONI ◽

Vanessa Silva RETUCI

Keyword(s):

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Hydrocyanic Acid ◽

Protein Concentrate ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

White Variety ◽

Mean Values ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar diferenças entre rendimento do concentrado proteico e proteína bruta da folha da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtidos a partir de três variedades comerciais: branca, cascuda e vermelha. As manivas foram plantadas seguindo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Nas comparações entre as variedades, considerou coletas escalonadas pós-plantio, realizadas aos 12, 14 e 16 meses. O concentrado proteico foi obtido a partir da farinha das folhas inteiras e submetido ao método de termo - coagulação ácido e a proteína bruta pelo método padrão AOAC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey - 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados não indicaram diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas para rendimento de concentrado proteico. Para a variável porcentagem de proteína bruta a variedade Branca foi a que apresentou maior valor, com média de 46,25%, seguida pela Cascuda e Vermelha, 44,52% e 37,30%, sucessivamente. Conclui-se que outros estudos devem avaliar condições que possam influenciar no teor de proteína foliar, como clima e solo, e, avaliar os níveis de ácido cianídrico de cada variedade, indicando qual das três é a melhor para a extração do concentrado proteico das folhas. Palavras chaves: Manihot esculenta Crantz, variedades comerciais, concentrado proteico, proteína bruta. ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess the differences between income protein concentrate, crude protein of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtained from three commercial varieties: white, red and cascuda. The cuttings were planted following the completely randomized design with three replications. Comparisons between the varieties considered after planting staggered collections, held on 12, 14 and 16 months. The protein concentrate was obtained from flour of whole sheets and subjected to the term method - acid coagulation and crude protein by AOAC standard method. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test - 5% probability. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean values obtained for protein concentrate income. For the variable percentage of crude protein White variety showed the highest, with an average of 46.25%, followed by cascuda and Red, 44.52% and 37.30%, successively. We conclude that further studies should evaluate conditions that may affect the leaf protein content, such as climate and soil, and evaluate the hydrocyanic acid levels of each variety, indicating which of the three is the best for the extraction of protein concentrate from leaves Key words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, commercial varieties, protein concentrate, crude protein.

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