Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Tympanotonus fuscatus along Oron water channel, Cross River Estuary, South Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
B.O. Bassey ◽  
E. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River Estuary

Health risk associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood has become of global concern. The study evaluated potential human health risk associated with heavy metal contamination of Tympanotonus fuscatus along Oron water channel Cross River Estuary. The following metals: chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed using standard procedure. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (TCR) were estimated using USEPA guidelines. Results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in Ni across the sampling period. The principal component analysis (PCA) had 71.2% of the total variance (with PC 1 represented by Ni and Pb and PC 2 dominated by Cd and Zn). The results for THQ and hazard index (HI) were: Cr = 0.95 mg/kg; Ni = 0.12 mg/kg; Zn = 0.16 mg/kg; Cd = 0.06 mg/kg and Pb = 0.69 mg/kg. These values were below the WHO limit of 1.0 mg/kg. This indicated no adverse health effects associated with the consumption of T. fuscatus from the estuary. A high value of TCR (2.15 x 10-3 mg/kg) was recorded for Ni which showed potential ability to induce moderate cancer risk in human over 70 years of consumption. The health risk associated with accumulated metal in tissues of T. fuscatus underscores the need for periodic biomonitoring of the Cross River Estuary. Keywords: Molluscs, Heavy Metal, Risk assessment, Pollution, Cross River Estuary

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Water from Cross River Estuary, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Etuk, Bassey A. ◽  
Udiong, Daniel S. ◽  
Akpakpan, Aniekan E.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River Estuary

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of some trace metals in water from Cross River estuary (CRE) and estimate the human health risk associated with water from the estuary via ingestion pathway and dermal contact. The trace metals in water were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the human health risk assessment of the trace metals was carried out using models stipulated by United States environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The range for the results in mg/l was as follows: Pb (0.193- 0.632), Cd (0.118 - 1.084), Ni (0.048 -0.632), Fe (0.056 - 0.921), Zn ( 0.063 - 0.242), Cu(0.072 - 0.146). All the investigated metals were above the WHO limit except zinc and copper. The target hazard quotient (THQ) via ingestion pathway for Pb, Cd and Ni were higher than unity. Also, the hazard indices for all the investigated metals in all the study sites were higher than unity. The target hazard quotient and Hazard index via dermal pathway were less than one for all the metal investigated, except Cd at Ebughu. Regular monitoring and minimization of anthropogenic activities resulting in elevated metal concentration is recommended.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
A.I. Yaradua ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
S. S. Matazu ◽  
A. Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North West

Vegetable fields in Katsina State are increasingly being loaded with heavy metals through various pollution sources such as agricultural activities mining and traffic. Onion bulb samples from the three senatorial zones that constitute to make up Katsina state in the North West of Nigeria were collected and the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) in all the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The health risk assessment methods developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were employed to explore the potential health hazards of heavy metals in the samples on the children and adult population. The highest mean concentration (mg/kg) was observed for Fe, followed by Pb, Zn and Mn. While Cd has the lowest concentration with the heavy metals Cr and Ni being below detection level (BDL). Overall hazard index (Hi) for the heavy metals were within the safety limit. The overall cancer risk to the adults based on pseudo-total metal concentrations exceeded the target value, mainly contributed by Pb.  Mn and Zn were the primary heavy metals posing non-cancer risks while Pb caused the greatest cancer risk. It was concluded that consumption of the onion samples from Katsina State may contribute to the population cancer burden.

Health-Based Risk Assessment of a Simple Landfilled Sludge Site

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 949-953
Author(s):  
Ling Yang ◽  
Chun Lei Zhang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
A.K. Agadzi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Exposure Pathways

Based on the methods of health-based risk assessment of contaminated sites and the analysis of heavy metal pollution in a simple landfill sludge site, we assessed the integrated human health risk of soil contamination. It is concluded that the main pollutant is heavy metal. There are three exposure pathways identified: workers inside the site, residents working on the farmland and those living down of the site. This assessment indicates that workers would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 0.397,and the carcinogenic impacts being 2.2×10-7. The residents working on the farmland would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 0.788, and the carcinogenic impacts being 4.5×10-7. The residents living downslope of the site would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 6.22 for adults and 1.25 for children, and the carcinogenic impacts being 3.4×10-6 for adult and 7.5×10-7 for children. Non-carcinogenic index of the site and farmland areas are less than 1, while the non-carcinogenic health risk is negligible. Their carcinogenic index is less than 10-6, and the cancer health risk is small. The adults living downslope of the site have a greater risk of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk. The children have non-carcinogenic risk and dont have carcinogenic risk.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements in Polluted Rivers in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Samantha Jiménez-Oyola ◽  
Kenny Escobar Segovia ◽  
María-Jesús García-Martínez ◽  
Marcelo Ortega ◽  
David Bolonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Polluted Rivers

Anthropogenic activities performed in the Ecuadorian Amazon have released potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the rivers, causing severe environmental pollution and increasing the risk of exposure to the residents of the surrounding areas. This study aims to carry out a human health risk assessment using deterministic and probabilistic methods to estimate the hazard index (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) related to multi-pathway human exposure to PTEs in polluted rivers. Concentrations of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in surface water and sediment samples from rivers on the Ecuadorian Amazon were considered to assess the potential adverse human health effects. As a result, deterministic and probabilistic estimations of cancer and non-cancer risk through exposure to surface waters and sediments were above the safety limit. A sensitivity analysis identified the concentration of PTEs and the exposure duration (ED) as the two most important variables for probabilistic health risk assessment. The highest risk for receptors was related to exposure to polluted sediments through incidental ingestion and dermal contact routes. According to the deterministic estimation, the human health risk through ingestion of water was above the threshold in specific locations. This study reveals the potential health risk to which the population is exposed. This information can be used as a baseline to develop public strategies to reduce anthropogenic pollution and exposure to PTEs in Ecuadorian Amazon rivers.

A review of heavy metals in indoor dust and its human health-risk implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sock Yin Tan ◽  
Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽  
Emilia Zainal Abidin ◽  
Manraj Singh Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Indoor Dust

AbstractIndoor dust acts as a media for heavy metal deposition. Past studies have shown that heavy metal concentration in indoor dust is affected by local human activities and atmospheric transport can have harmful effects on human health. Additionally, children are more sensitive to heavy metals due to their hand-to-mouth behaviour and rapid body development. However, limited information on health risks were found in past dust studies as these studies aimed to identify heavy metal concentrations and sources of indoor dust. The objective of this review is to discuss heavy metal concentration and sources influencing its concentration in indoor dust. Accordingly, high lead (Pb) concentration (639.10 μg/g) has been reported in heavy traffic areas. In addition, this review paper aims to estimate the health risk to children from heavy metals in indoor dust via multiple exposure pathways using the health-risk assessment (HRA). Urban areas and industrial sites have revealed high heavy metal concentration in comparison to rural areas. Hazard index (HI) values found in arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and Pb were 21.30, 1.10 and 2.40, respectively, indicate that non-carcinogenic elements are found in children. Furthermore, most of the past studies have found that carcinogenic risks for As, cadmium (Cd), Cr and Pb were below the acceptable total lifetime cancer risk (TLCR) range (1×10

A Fuzzy Modeling Approach for Human Health Risk Assessment of Organic Contamination in Groundwater

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Sheng Lin Tan ◽  
Shuai Guan ◽  
Zu Fa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Arithmetic Operation ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Organic Contamination

This study was performed to develop a fuzzy model for human health risk assessment of organic contamination of groundwater to quantify the uncertainties inherent in risk assessment processes. The fuzzy model was constructed based on the fuzzy set theory and traditional risk assessment approach. Triangular fuzzy number was used to describe the variability of parameters associated with traditional risk assessment and α-cut sets was taken to transform fuzzy numbers to intervals that can be fairly taken into arithmetic operation of lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and hazard index (HI) which respectively denotes the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. Considering the exposure routes of drinking and showering, the developed fuzzy model yields risks at different memberships as well as the expectation of risks. The model was applied to a site in China with organics-contaminated groundwater. It was found that tetrachloroethylene (PCE) posed the most risks, followed by trichloroethylene (TCE), while carbon tetrachloride (CT) posed the smallest. Results also showed drinking, compared with showering, is the major exposure route and boiling is important for reducing health risks of groundwater.

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