Spatial Variation Study of Heavy Metal in Ground Water of Southern Part of Upper Berach River

The present study was conducted to study heavy metal pollution in ground water of southern part of Upper Berach river. The water samples for the heavy metal analysis were collected from the open well of the 38 locations from Upper Berach river to find out concentration of different heavy metal such as Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni). The different heavy metals thematic maps of study area were prepared under GIS environment and the spatio-temporal variations of these parameters were analyzed. Results of the study indicates that about 57.94 per cent area shows Fe within BIS acceptable limit (< 0.3 mg/lit) and 42.06 per cent area show exceed Fe above acceptable limit of drinking purpose. About 42.03 per cent area shows Mn within BIS acceptable limit (< 0.1 mg/lit) and 57.97 per cent area shows Mn above permissible limit of drinking purpose.

Application of Nanotechnology in Analysis and Removal of Heavy Metals in Food and Water Resources

Toxic heavy metal contamination in food and water from environmental pollution is a significant public health issue. Heavy metals do not biodegrade easily yet can be enriched hundreds of times by biological magnification, where toxic substances move up the food chain and eventually enter the human body. Nanotechnology as an emerging field has provided significant improvement in heavy metal analysis and removal from complex matrices. Various techniques have been adapted based on nanomaterials for heavy metal analysis, such as electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescent, and biosensing technology. Multiple categories of nanomaterials have been utilized for heavy metal removal, such as metal oxide nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, graphene and derivatives, and carbon nanotubes. Nanotechnology-based heavy metal analysis and removal from food and water resources has the advantages of wide linear range, low detection and quantification limits, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. There is a need for easy and safe field application of nanomaterial-based approaches.

Bacteriological Quality and Heavy Metal Analysis of Packaged Water Produced in Lusaka, Zambia and Associated Quality Control Measures

Many people in the world lack safe basic drinking water sources and rely on untreated water source. Packaged water can be considered as an alternative to other water sources if measures are put in place to ensure its safety for consumption. This study aimed to assess the bacteriological quality and heavy metal analysis of packaged water produced in Lusaka, Zambia and associated quality control measures. A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2019 where 18 brands of packaged water were analyzed for total and fecal coliforms as well as concentrations of Lead, Chromium, and Cadmium. The study found that 33.5% of the packaged water produced in Lusaka did not comply with the standard for drinking water on bacteriological quality. We also found that the concentrations for Lead were &lt;0.01 mg/l in all the 17 samples, thus compliant to WHO/ZABS standards. Concentrations of Chromium were between 0.002 and 0.62 mg/l and compliance to the standard was 11.8%. Concentrations for Cadmium were between 0.009 and 0.2 mg/l against the acceptable concentration of &lt;0.003 mg/l. Most brands of the packaged water did not conform to the standards for drinking water.

Changing Pattern of Heavy Metals Accumulation in and around in Ship breaking Area Over the 40 years and Its Impact on Fish Diversity in Adjacent Areas of Bangladesh

Coastal area of Bangladesh is one of the significant ecologically productive areas and full of rich biodiversity that includes variety of species that are endemic to this region. The Shipbreaking activity has turned out to be more significant within the economic situation of the poverty-stricken Bangladesh. The study vicinity was alienated into the Shipbreaking zone and control site for proportional investigation. The study was administered to assess the changing pattern of the concentration of trace metals in soil Soil samples of the study areas and its impact on fish diversity of the ship breaking area in Bangladesh over the 40 years. From the finding of the study, it had been found that the concentration of the heavy metals found within the ship breaking area followed a pattern within the following fashion Fe>Pb>Cr>Mn>Zn>Ni>Cu>Cd>Hg. The finding of this heavy metal analysis of sediments demonstrated that there has been in an increment of two to eight times of selected heavy metals from the finding of 1980 to 2019. The study compared with the two relatively pristine or less impacted (undisturbed) areas, that served because of the reference zone. These studies also found that about 30 species of fishes became irregular or are threatened with extinction than they were 40 years ago.